Джозеф Маккарти: Американдық бейсбол жаттықтырушысының өмірі мен жетістіктері

American baseball manager
the catcher who played in 1905 06

Joseph Vincent McCarthy (April 21, 1887 – January 13, 1978) was an American manager in Major League Baseball, most renowned for his leadership of the "Bronx Bombers" teams of the New York Yankees from 1931 to 1946. The first manager to win pennants with both National and American League teams (doing so with the Chicago Cubs in 1929 and the Yankees in 1932), he won a total nine league pennants and seven World Series championships – the latter is a record tied only by Casey Stengel. McCarthy was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1957. He recorded a 100 win season six times, a record matched only by Bobby Cox. McCarthy's career winning percentages in both the regular season (.615) career victories rank ninth all time in major league history for managerial wins, and he ranks first all time for the Yankees with 1,460 wins.

Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to parents that were Irish immigrants, and grew up in the Germantown neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Idolizing Athletics manager Connie Mack, McCarthy is among a handful of successful major league managers who never played in the majors. After attending Niagara University in 1905 and 1906 on a baseball scholarship, he spent the next 15 years in the minor leagues, primarily as a second baseman with the Toledo Mud Hens, Buffalo Bisons, and Louisville Colonels. In 1916 he signed with the Brooklyn Tip Tops of the Federal League—then considered a third major league—but the league folded before he could play a game with them.

McCarthy briefly served as player manager in Wilkes Barre in 1913. He resumed his managing career with Louisville in 1919, leading the team to American Association pennants in 1921 and 1925 before being hired to manage the Chicago Cubs for the 1926 season. With the Yankees, his strict but fair managing style helped to solidify the team's place as the dominant franchise in baseball. During his tenure, the Yankees won seven World Series. His most successful period came from 1936 to 1943. During that time, they won seven out of a possible eight pennants, all by nine games or more, and won six World Series—including four in a row from 1936 to 1939. They were the first American League team, and the third in major league history, to win four straight pennants, and the first to win more than two World Series in a row. The only time during this stretch that the Yankees' dominance was even threatened was in 1940, when they struggled all season and finished third. During his time with the Yankees, the team won 100 games or more six times. The worst finish he ever had with the team was fourth, achieved during his last full season in 1945, although the team finished 81–71. McCarthy struggled to control his emotions at the moving testimonial held for Lou Gehrig at Yankee Stadium on July 4, 1939. After describing Gehrig as "the finest example of a ballplayer, sportsman, and citizen that baseball has ever known", McCarthy could stand it no longer. Turning tearfully to Gehrig, he said, "Lou, what else can I say except that it was a sad day in the life of everybody who knew you when you [ ] told me you were quitting as a ballplayer because you felt yourself a hindrance to the team. My God, man, you were never that." McCarthy frequently battled a drinking problem; he was known for going on "benders" that lasted a week or more. His alcoholism ended his tenure with the Yankees early in the 1946 season: By late May, the Yankees were already six games behind the Boston Red Sox. After the Yankees lost two straight to Cleveland, a drunken McCarthy chewed out pitcher Joe Page for spending too many nights out late. After failing to show up during a series with the Detroit Tigers, he returned to his farm in Amherst, New York, near Buffalo, and resigned by telegram. Ruth and McCarthy's relationship was lukewarm at best, and chilled considerably in 1934 when Ruth began openly campaigning to become manager. Partly due to this, Ruth was traded to the lowly Boston Braves after the season. While managing, McCarthy utilized a low key approach, never going to the mound to remove a pitcher or arguing with an umpire except on a point of the rules, preferring to stay at his seat in the center of the dugout. He also declined to wear a numbered uniform with the Yankees and Red Sox. In order to draw attention to his presumed masterful leadership of the Yankees, McCarthy was given the nickname of "Marse Joe" by sportswriters. "Marse" is a Southern English rendition of the word "master". McCarthy's success throughout his career was such that in 32 years of managing, his 1922 Louisville club was the only team that finished either with a losing record or below fourth place. McCarthy was named Major League Manager of the Year by The Sporting News in 1936 – the first year the award was given – and again in 1938 and 1943.

In a 1969 poll by the Baseball Writers' Association of America to commemorate the sport's professional centennial, McCarthy finished third in voting for the greatest manager in history, behind John McGraw and Casey Stengel. In a similar BBWAA poll in 1997 to select an All Century team, he finished second behind Stengel. On April 29, 1976, the Yankees dedicated a plaque for their Monument Park to McCarthy. The plaque calls him "One of baseball's most beloved and respected leaders." In honor of his commitment to Buffalo, McCarthy became a charter member of the Buffalo Baseball Hall of Fame in 1985. McCarthy died of pneumonia at age 90 in Buffalo, New York, and is buried in Mount Olivet Cemetery, (Roman Catholic) in Tonawanda, New York.

Team Year Regular season PostseasonGamesWonLostWin %Finish Won Lost Win % ResultCHC 15482720.532 4th in NL – – – –CHC 15385680.556 4th in NL – – – –CHC 15491630.591 3rd in NL – – – –CHC 15298540.645 1st in NL 1 4 .200 Lost World Series (PHA)CHC 15086640.573 fired – – – –CHC total 763 442 321 0.579 1 4 .200 NYY 15394590.614 2nd in AL – – – –NYY 154107470.695 1st in AL 4 0 1.000 Won World Series (CHC)NYY 15091590.607 2nd in AL – – – –NYY 15494600.610 2nd in AL – – – –NYY 14989600.597 2nd in AL – – – –NYY 153102510.667 1st in AL 4 2 .667 Won World Series (NYG)NYY 154102520.662 1st in AL 4 1 .800 Won World Series (NYG)NYY 15299530.651 1st in AL 4 0 1.000 Won World Series (CHC)NYY 151106450.702 1st in AL 4 0 1.000 Won World Series (CIN)NYY 15488660.571 3rd in AL – – – –NYY 154101530.656 1st in AL 4 1 .800 Won World Series (BKN)NYY 154101530.656 1st in AL 1 4 .200 Lost World Series (STL)NYY 15498560.636 1st in AL 4 1 .800 Won World Series (STL)NYY 15483710.539 3rd in AL – – – –NYY 15281710.533 4th in AL – – – –NYY 3522130.629 resigned – – – –NYY total 2327 1460 867 0.627 29 9 0.763 BOS 15596590.619 2nd in AL – – – –BOS 15496580.623 2nd in AL – – – –BOS 5931280.525 resigned – – – –BOS total 368 223 145 0.606 0 0 – Total 3458 2125 1333 0.615 30 13 0.698