Архозавр тәрізділер клады

Clade of reptiles

Archosauriformes (Greek for 'ruling lizards', and Latin for 'form') is a clade of diapsid reptiles encompassing archosaurs and some of their close relatives. It was defined by Jacques Gauthier (1994) as the clade stemming from the last common ancestor of Proterosuchidae and Archosauria. Phil Senter (2005) defined it as the most exclusive clade containing Proterosuchus and Archosauria. Archosauriforms are a branch of archosauromorphs which originated in the Late Permian (roughly 252 million years ago) and persist to the present day as the two surviving archosaur groups: crocodilians and birds. Archosauriforms present several traits historically ascribed to the group Archosauria. These include serrated teeth set in deep sockets, a more active metabolism, and an antorbital fenestra (a hole in the skull in front of the eyes). Reptiles with these traits have also been termed "thecodonts" in older methods of classification. Thecodontia is a paraphyletic group, and its usage as a taxonomic category has been rejected under modern cladistic systems. The name Archosauriformes is intended as a monophyletic replacement compatible with modern taxonomy.

Early archosauriforms, informally termed "proterosuchians", were superficially crocodile like animals with sprawling gaits, carnivorous habits, and long hooked snouts. Unlike the bulk of their therapsid contemporaries, archosauriforms survived the catastrophic end Permian mass extinction. The Late Permian proterosuchid Archosaurus is similar in appearance to its Early Triassic relative, Proterosuchus. Within a few million years after the beginning of the Triassic, the archosauriformes had diversified past the "proterosuchian" grade. The next major archosauriform group was Erythrosuchidae, a family of apex predators with massive heads, the largest carnivorous reptiles up to that time. In 2016, Martin Ezcurra provided the name Eucrocopoda for the clade including all archosauriforms more crownward (closer to archosaurs) than erythrosuchids. The name translates to "true crocodile feet", in reference to the possession of a crocodilian style crurotarsal ankle. Eucrocopodans include the families Euparkeriidae (small, agile reptiles),Proterochampsidae (narrow snouted predators endemic to South America), and Doswelliidae (heavily armored Laurasian reptiles similar to proterochampsids), as well as various other strange reptiles such as Vancleavea and Asperoris. The most successful archosauriforms, and the only members to survive into the Jurassic, were the archosaurs. Archosauria includes crocodilians, birds, and all descendants of their common ancestor. Extinct archosaurs include aetosaurs, rauisuchids (both members of the crocodilian branch), pterosaurs, and non avian dinosaurs (both members of the avian branch).