Nissan L серия қозғалтқыштары: тарихы мен ерекшеліктері

The Nissan L series of automobile engines was produced from 1966 through 1986 in both inline four and inline six configurations ranging from 1.3 L to 2.8 L. It is a two valves per cylinder SOHC non crossflow engine, with an iron block and an aluminium head. It was the engine of the Datsun 510, Datsun 240Z sports car, and the Nissan Maxima. These engines are known for their reliability, durability, and parts interchangeability. The L series started with the production of the six cylinder L20, which was rushed into production by Datsun in 1966 and was designed prior to the Prince merger using the Mercedes overhead cam engine as a model. Due to design and reliability problems it proved short lived, and was discontinued two years later. Learning their lessons from the L20, the four cylinder L16 was developed in 1967. The L16 four cylinder design was influenced by the Mercedes Benz M180 engine that the Prince Motor Company developed in four and six cylinder displacements called the Prince G engine. This engine set the standard for later L series engines, with the original L20 being replaced by the L16 based L20A. The four cylinder L series engines were replaced with the Z series and later the CA series, while the six cylinder L series engines were replaced with the VG series and RB series.

The "LZ" twin cam head was designed to give a power boost to the Datsun L series engine for competition purposes. There are two different LZ cylinder heads. The early head is the same thickness as a normal L series head. The engine using the first head was referred to as the L14 twin cam. There was no mention of Z in the title. This L14 twin cam head engine has flat exit side exhaust ports, the early 12 bolt rocker cover and the coolant discharge on the inlet side of the head. All early twin cam engines appear to have the 14 bolt rocker cover (6 for the cover and 8 for the bolt in plug holders). Later engines use the full flat cover with six bolts to secure it. The LZ engine was built purely for Datsun/Nissan competition use. Engine size can vary between 1400 cc (LZ14) in the PB110 "1200", 1600 cc in the PB210, 1800 CC in the 710 2.0 litres in the PA10 Stanza, to 2.2 liter in the 910 bluebird rally cars. The naturally aspirated LZ engines used Solex carburettors depending on capacity. The LZ engine found its way into many categories, from "Datsun Works" rally cars, Formula Pacific, Group 4 (racing), Group 5 (racing) and Group C.

In some Japanese racing classes the LZ engine is fitted with low compression pistons and a "T05B" turbocharger. These engines are electronically fuel injected. A very successful example of the LZ turbo was in the famous Japanese "White Lightning" Silvia and "Tomica" R30 Skyline, both driven by Hoshino in the mid–1980s. The LZ turbo engine was also used in the 1986 Nissan March 85G Le Mans car. The LZ turbo engine was tuned to produce at 7,600 rpm and at 6,400 rpm. The original LZ20B turbo engine used in the 1983 Nissan Silvia (S12) "White Lightning" Group 5 race car, produced at 8,000 rpm. The LZ14 engine for the Formula Pacific race cars produces at 10,200 rpm. For qualifying and non endurance events the LZ14 can be tweaked to produce at 11,000 rpm. The LZ14 is naturally aspirated and has a bore and stroke of
The LZ engine uses a standard L series engine block to mount the DOHC cylinder head. Usually the bottom end is dry sumped using a Tsubakimoto dry sump pump. The crankshaft used is a Nismo chrome moly "8 bolt flywheel" type. Connecting rods are various length, Cosworth style, to suit the engine stroke. The rod caps have aircraft grade rod bolts and are dowelled. Pistons are thin ring forged units. The head was available for purchase from Nissan (Nismo) and was sanctioned by the FIA. The LZ14 was used during the 1973 Japanese GP, taking the top three positions. In open wheeler "Formula Pacific" racing the LZ14 engine dominated competition in most events it was entered in. It received multiple top rankings in some events.

In 1974, Osamu Okazaki designed a dual overhead cam, 16 valve cylinder head as an upgrade to the four cylinder variant of the L series engines, and manufactured it through his automotive performance company, OS Giken. This cylinder head also significantly improved the performance of the engine by using a more modern crossflow cylinder head design, compared to the original which used a reverse flow design. A naturally aspirated version of this engine produced .

The L20 is a SOHC 12 valve engine produced from 1966. A bore and stroke of meant a displacement of It was used in the Nissan Skyline 2000 GT and Nissan Cedric 130, producing for the 2000 GT and for the Cedric. This engine was plagued by problems caused by its rushed development and was short lived, and fitted to the Skyline C210 and R30, Laurel, Leopard, Cedric, Gloria, and early Fairlady Z lines of automobiles. This engine was the first engine out of Japan to ever receive a turbo.

Shortly after producing the 16 valve version of the DOHC cylinder heads for the four cylinder version of the L series engines, OS Giken released a 24 valve version of the DOHC cylinder head for the six cylinder version of the L series engines. It produced in naturally aspirated form with a maximum redline of 9000 rpm. Other companies also produced DOHC cylinder heads for the L28, however these are not based on the 24 valve DOHC cylinder heads for other L series engines manufactured by OS Giken. In 2013, a redesigned version of the 24 valve DOHC cylinder head was released. Osamu Okazaki says that he redesigned every components with more modern technology and materials. It produces in naturally aspirated form and has a maximum redline of 10,000 rpm.