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Catholic religious institute for women
the order founded in France

The Little Sisters of the Poor is a Roman Catholic religious institute for women. It was founded by Jeanne Jugan. Having felt the need to care for the many impoverished elderly who lined the streets of French towns and cities, Jugan established the congregation to care for the elderly in 1839.

The Congregation of the Little Sisters of the Poor was founded in Cancale in Brittany in 1839. In 1847, a house was established in Tours, and communities of sisters began to spread across France. In 1851, the work expanded to England. In 1868, the Little Sisters came to the United States, where they operate twenty nine homes to care for the elderly poor. Jugan was canonized a saint on October 11, 2009, by Pope Benedict XVI.

The motherhouse is in Saint Pern, France. Members, per the evangelical counsels, make vows of chastity, poverty, and obedience, but also a fourth, hospitality. They believe hospitality perfects the other three by bringing their religious consecration into the realities of everyday life and giving a spiritual dimension to the many humble tasks of hospitality performed throughout the day. They wear traditional habits, either all white or black with gray veils. On 6 October 2017, the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services issued a new rule with an updated religious exemption that protected religious nonprofit organizations. Federal Judge Wendy Beetlestone issued an injunction, temporarily preventing the enforcement of that exemption. The state of Pennsylvania also sued the federal government to take away the exemption. Pennsylvania asked a judge to order that the Little Sisters of the Poor must comply with the federal mandate or pay a penalty of tens of millions of dollars. The state alleged that the religious organization violated the Constitution, federal anti discrimination law, and the Administrative Procedure Act (APA). On 8 July 2020, in Little Sisters of the Poor Saints Peter and Paul Home v. Pennsylvania, the U. S. Supreme Court decided that the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services had the authority under the Affordable Care Act to allow the religious and moral exemptions, and that the rules for the exemptions are free from procedural defects, meaning that the Little Sisters of the Poor need not provide contraception nor abortion coverage in their employees' health plans.