Джозеф Дуган: Американдық бейсболшының өмірі мен мансабы

American baseball player (1897 1982)

Joseph Anthony Dugan (May 12, 1897 – July 7, 1982), was an American professional baseball player. Nicknamed "Jumping Joe", he was considered one of the best defensive third basemen of his era. He played in Major League Baseball as a shortstop and third baseman from 1917 through 1931, most notably for the Philadelphia Athletics and the New York Yankees, with whom he played in five World Series.

Born in Mahanoy City, Pennsylvania, and later attending Hillhouse High School in New Haven, Connecticut, Dugan went directly from the College of the Holy Cross to the major leagues. He made his major league debut at the age of 20 with Connie Mack's Philadelphia Athletics on July 5, 1917. Dugan struggled as a hitter his first two years, batting a combined .195, but in 1919 he batted .271, then the next year hit .322. He was moved permanently to third base in 1921, and would be a steady .280 .300 hitter as well as a fine defensive third baseman for the rest of his career. It was in his first years in baseball that Dugan acquired the nickname of "Jumping", a nickname bestowed on him since he would often take unauthorized leaves from the team. Sensitive and temperamental, he would leave the team until Mack was able to coax him back. Word of his departure spread around the league and, he would often be taunted by fans with the cry, "I want to go home!" On July 23, 1922 he was sent by the Red Sox to the New York Yankees in a controversial deal. Red Sox owner Harry Frazee had been unloading his Red Sox players almost haphazardly, and Dugan's acquisition by the Yankees helped them edge out the St. Louis Browns in a tight 1922 pennant race. Because Dugan's trade occurred in the latter part of the season, and worried that teams might try to buy their way to a pennant during the season, major league baseball would later move up its trading deadline to June 15. Dugan had his most productive season in 1923, when he hit .283, scored 111 runs and led the league's third basemen in fielding percentage to help the Yankees win their first world championship. Dugan posted a .302 batting average in 1924 and, in a year end poll of major league baseball players, he was a near unanimous selection as the best third baseman in the American League. Yankees manager Miller Huggins named Dugan as his leadoff hitter at the beginning of the 1925 season. In August, he suffered a severely wrenched knee and had to miss the rest of the season. He posted a .292 batting average for the season and once again led American League third basemen in fielding percentage. In August 1928, Huggins replaced Dugan at third base with Mike Gazella in an effort to get more offense from the lineup. After appearing in 94 games, the Yankees gave Dugan his unconditional release in December of that year. He signed a contract to play for the Boston Braves in 1929 and finished the season with a .304 batting average in 60 games. Dugan did not play in 1930 but returned to play for the Detroit Tigers as a utility player in 1931. At the age of 34, he appeared in eight games before being released on May 29.

In a 14 year major league career, Dugan played in 1,447 games, accumulating 1,516 hits in 5,410 at bats for a .280 career batting average along with 42 home runs, 567 runs batted in and a .317 on base percentage. After his playing career, Dugan briefly managed in the minor leagues. He died in Norwood, Massachusetts, at age 85.