London Thamesport

Container port in England

London Thamesport (formerly just "Thamesport") was a small container seaport on the River Medway, serving the North Sea. It is located on the Isle of Grain, in the Medway unitary authority district of the English county of Kent. The area was formerly called Port Victoria. Since early 2020, Thamesport has no longer operated as a container port, having been eclipsed by the new and much larger London Gateway container port on the Essex coast of the Thames Estuary.

In 1953, the Anglo Persian Oil Company opened a large oil refinery, Kent Refinery, on the south of the Isle of Grain. A fuel depot with an attached port had existed there since 1928. From 1953, over ten million tons of crude oil were processed annually on the site. This led to the establishment of the oil fired power station at Grain and dual fuel capable Kingsnorth. In practice, Kingsnorth used coal. The refinery was closed on 27 August 1982, and work was transferred to other BP locations. The plant was taken over by British Gas plc (at that time still state owned), which used a small part of the site as Grain LNG Terminal for the storage of liquefied natural gas. Three quarters of the site remained unused.

During the construction of the Channel Tunnel, segments to line the tunnel from the British side were made on the site that is now Thamesport, before being delivered by railway to the site at Shakespeare Cliff, near Dover. As there was hardly any room at the site itself, the site on the Isle of Grain was chosen because of the links to the ships from Scotland delivering aggregate. Trains full of segments left the factory each day, travelling on the Hundred of Hoo Railway on the island before taking a circuitous route avoiding steep gradients before arriving at Shakespeare Cliff.

In 1987 British Gas submitted plans to use of the disused refinery site as a container port. Building began in 1989. The risk capital financing of the £150 million project, named Thamesport, took place through the operating company Thames Estuary Terminals Ltd., later Thamesport Ltd. By March 1990 the enterprise had a capacity of approximately 360,000 TEU per year.

Land access to Thamesport was at first only by road. In time the railway line from Gravesend to the Isle of Grain was to be used. A goods station with track and transshipment facilities was developed at Thamesport. A government subsidy of £1.8 million was received. It started operating in January 1992 but the last container train ran in 2013.

The heart of Thamesport is a deep water dock. The quay has eight (STS) gantry cranes, and can service vessels with draughts of The temporary storage facility has capacity for 26,000 TEU; i. e. 13,000 standard containers. The container handling is semi automatic, as the container tugs are manually operated. 635,000 TEU can be processed annually. In the long term the capacity could be doubled. Although site constraints limit the maximum possible length of the quay to only , there is considerable scope for future development at Thamesport. The majority of this brownfield site (a former oil refinery) remains undeveloped, and Thamesport Interchange has outline planning permission to build of logistics related facilities. Immediately to the north of Thamesport is a terminal for the import of aviation fuel (kerosene). Thamesport will be well placed if proposals for a new London Airport, either on the Isle of Grain itself, or on the Mayor of London's "Boris Island", come to fruition. (This is unlikely to be a consideration in anything other than the long term future. In December 2013, the Airports Commission, chaired by Sir Howard Davies, excluded these proposals from its short list of possible recommendations. The Commission later studied a number of aspects of the 'Inner Thames Estuary Proposal' and announced in July 2014 that it would not be adding any such proposal to its short list.) Although the company appears confident of further development and a prosperous future, Thamesport is in danger of being eclipsed by the new and much bigger London Gateway port on the north bank of the Thames. London Gateway is now operational and (as of September 2017) is receiving 17 container ships per day. There are plans for a cement factory on the former container marshalling yard.

Thamesport is connected to national road network by the A228.

The port also has a connection to the single track, standard gauge, freight Hundred of Hoo Railway. Two British rail freight companies – DB Cargo UK and Freightliner – operated container services to Thamesport. In the first half of 2005, approximately 25% of traffic to and from Thamesport used the rail link. However, the last container train ran on 6 November 2013.