List of companion plants

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This is a list of companion plants, traditionally planted together. Many more are in the list of beneficial weeds. Companion planting is thought by its practitioners to assist in the growth of one or both plants involved in the association. Possible mechanisms include attracting beneficial insects, repelling pests, or providing nutrients such as by fixing nitrogen, shade, or support. Companion plantings can be part of a biological pest control program. A large number of companion plant associations have been proposed; only a few of these have been subjected to scientific testing. Thus where a table column for example states "Helps" or "Helped by", this is to be read as meaning that traditional companion planting involves putting the named plants in that column into an association with the plant named at the left of the row, with the intention of causing the one plant to help or be helped by the other. Mechanisms that have been scientifically verified include using strongly aromatic plants to deter pests; using companions to hide crops from pests; providing plants as nurseries for beneficial insects including predators and parasitoids; trap cropping;

Companion plantings traditionally used for vegetables Common name Scientific name Helps Helped by Attracts Repels/+distracts Avoid CommentsAlliums Allium Fruit trees, capsicum peppers, potatoes), brassicas, carrots tomatoes, carrots and African spider plants (Cleome gynandra) together, marigolds (Tagetes spp. ), mints Japanese beetles parsley, Onion, garlic, potatoes Beans, bush Phaseolus vulgaris Cucumber, the stalk of the corn provides a pole for the beans to grow on, which then gives nitrogen to the soil of the corn. Beans and corn are (with squash) traditional "Three Sisters" plants. As for Radishes, see the entry for "Legumes". Beans, fava Vicia faba Strawberries, Celery See the entry for "Legumes" for more infoBeets Beta vulgaris bush beans, garlic, mint Runner or pole beans Good for adding minerals to the soil through composting leaves which have up to 25% magnesium. Runner or pole beans and beets stunt each other's growth. Brassicas Brassica onions, Beets, Dill, sage, peas, peppermint, rosemary, rye grass, garlic, onions and potatoes. geraniums, alliums, nasturtium, thyme, Wireworms Mustards, nightshades (tomatoes, turnip, clover thyme, calendula/pot marigold, chamomile, coriander, hyssop, onions, onions, peas Spinach, peas tomatoes Sunflowers, dill, amaranth, white geranium, pigweed, lamb's quarters, morning glory, parsley, and potato, field mustard, Tomato, celery Provides beans with a trellis, is protected from predators and dryness by cucurbits, in the three sisters techniqueCucumber Cucumis sativus Beans, amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus), celery, Malabar spinach Cucurbits are a family of plants that includes melons, cucumbers, gourds, pumpkins, and squashEggplant or Aubergine Solanum melongena Beans, peppers, tomatoes, passion fruit passion fruit Swiss chard See Alliums entry for more infoLegumes Phaseolus and Vicia Beets, okra, cabbage, corn, Snails and slugs Colorado potato beetle cilantro Beans, peppers, See Alliums entry for more infoParsnip Pastinaca sativa Fruit trees A variety of predatory insects The flowers of the parsnip plant left to seed will attract a variety of predatory insects to the garden, they are particularly helpful when left under fruit trees, the predators attacking codling moth and light brown apple moth. Peas Pisum sativum Turnip, cauliflower, tomatoes, okra, onions basil, field mustard passion fruit thyme, clover Mexican bean beetle Spiders, ground beetles Radishes can be used as a trap crop against flea beetles, cucurbita can be used in the three sisters technique. Marigolds beans, chives, corn, mints, okra, cucumbers, squash Asparagus beetle Black walnut, alfalfa, corn, fennel, chili peppers, French marigold inhibits codling moth but also its insect enemies, and fails to reduce damage to apples. Apricot Prunus armeniaca Peppers A fungus that peppers are prone to can infect apricot trees causing a lot of harm. Blueberries Vaccinium spp. Oak trees, pine trees, tansy, garlic, beets, Strawberries Fragaria × ananassa Bush beans, lettuce, onions, spinach, passion fruit bush beans, Not to be confused with star anise which is an entirely different species. Basil Ocimum basilicum Tomato, Dill When growing together a higher ratio of fennel to dill provides the highest profit. Dill has a stabilizing effect on the fennel seed. Garlic Allium sativum Vetch, brassicas, beets, roses, tomatoes, Grapes Cutworms Reduces cutworms in eggplant in laboratory trialsLovage Levisticum officinale Beans Ichneumonid wasps, ground beetles (good) Rhubarb Is thought to improve the health of almost all plants, like borage and geraniums, is considered a "magic bullet" of companion plantingOregano Origanum vulgare Grapes, tomatoes, peppers, pumpkin, many other plants Basil Hoverflies/Syrphidae beet leaf hoppers, cucumber beetle, Same with lupin, planting nearby roses causes them to grow vigorously. Nasturtium Tropaeolum majus Beans, squash,Rose Rosa spp. Chives,Brassica, spinach, silverbeet and salads Bees, butterflies Aphids An annual climbing plant, which is like the edible pea. Makes a good decoration in your garden or fence. Tansy Tanacetum vulgare Beans, cucurbits (cucumbers, squash, etc. ), raspberries and relatives, roses, corn, fruit trees crownvetch, sericea lespedeza Apple trees, grasses Black walnut is harmful to the growth of all nightshade plants, including Datura or Jimson weed, eggplant, mandrake, deadly nightshade or belladonna, capsicum (paprika, chile pepper), potato, tomato, and petunia.