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Chemical compounds in which hydroxyl group is attached directly to an aromatic ring
the class of chemicals containing a phenol group
In organic chemistry, phenols, sometimes called phenolics, are a class of chemical compounds consisting of one or more hydroxyl groups (−OH) bonded directly to an aromatic hydrocarbon group. The simplest is phenol, Phenolic compounds are classified as simple phenols or polyphenols based on the number of phenol units in the molecule. Phenols are both synthesized industrially and produced by plants and microorganisms.

Phenols are more acidic than typical alcohols. The acidity of the hydroxyl group in phenols is commonly intermediate between that of aliphatic alcohols and carboxylic acids (their pKa is usually between 10 and 12). Deprotonation of a phenol forms a corresponding negative phenolate ion or phenoxide ion, and the corresponding salts are called phenolates or phenoxides (aryloxides according to the IUPAC Gold Book).

Phenols are susceptible to Electrophilic aromatic substitutions. Condensation with formaldehyde gives resinous materials, famously Bakelite. Another industrial scale electrophilic aromatic substitution is the production of bisphenol A, which is produced by the condensation with acetone.

More than 371 drugs approved by the FDA between the years of 1951 and 2020 contain either a phenol or a phenolic ether (a phenol with an alkyl), with nearly every class of small molecule drugs being represented, and natural products making up a large portion of this list. tyrosine one of the 20 standard amino acidsL DOPAdopamine prodrug used to treat Parkinson's diseasepropofolshort acting intravenous anesthetic agentvitamin K hydroquinoneblood clotting agent that converts levothyroxine (L thyroxine) Top selling drug to treat thyroid hormone deficiency. amoxicillinTop selling antibioticestradiol the major female sex hormone