Ұлыбритания Халықаралық Даму Департаментінің тарихы

Former department of the UK Government

The Department for International Development (DFID) was a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom, from 1997 to 2020. It was responsible for administering foreign aid. The goal of the department was "to promote sustainable development and eliminate world poverty". DFID was headed by the United Kingdom's Secretary of State for International Development. The position was last held by Anne Marie Trevelyan, who assumed office on 13 February 2020 and served until the department was dissolved on 2 September 2020. In a 2010 report by the Development Assistance Committee, the department was described as "an international development leader in times of global crisis". The UK aid logo is often used to publicly acknowledge DFID's development programmes are funded by UK taxpayers. The DFID's main programme areas of work were Education, Health, Social Services, Water Supply and Sanitation, Government and Civil Society, Economic Sector (including Infrastructure, Production Sectors and Developing Planning), Environment Protection, Research, and Humanitarian Assistance. In June 2020, Prime Minister Boris Johnson announced that the DFID was to be merged with the Foreign Office to create the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office. The department was scrutinized by the International Development Committee.

The final permanent secretary was Matthew Rycroft, who assumed office in January 2018.

When it was the Overseas Development Administration, a scandal erupted concerning the department's funding of a hydroelectric dam on the Pergau River in Malaysia, near the Thai border. Building work had begun in 1991 with money from the British foreign aid budget. Concurrently, the Malaysian government bought around £1 billion worth of arms from British dealers, and thus became the subject of a UK government inquiry from March 1994.

In February 2015, the DFID ended its financial support for a controversial development project alleged to have helped the Ethiopian government fund a brutal resettlement programme. Four million people were forced off their land by security forces while their homes and farms were sold to foreign investors. In early 2017 the department ended £5.2m of support for the all girl Ethiopian acting and pop group Yegna, called "Ethiopia's Spice Girls", citing concerns about the effectiveness and value for money of the programme.

+ C8: Specific Bilateral ODA Country DfID ex DfID Afghanistan 178,098.8 19,444.3 Albania 0.0 540.4 Algeria 0.0 9,772.3 Angola 0.0 915.9 Anguilla 0.0 0.0 AntiguaandBarbuda 0.0 2.6 Argentina 0.0 960.7 Armenia 0.0 972.9 Azerbaijan 0.0 2,100.4 Bangladesh 202,634.3 5,610.4 Belarus 0.0 471.7 Belize 0.0 973.0 Bolivia 0.0 684.8 BosniaHerzegovina 0.0 3,506.2 Botswana 0.0 498.5 Brazil 0.0 10,168.6 BurkinaFaso 89.9 333.3 Burundi 6,006.2 101.7 Cambodia 1,246.1 685.3 Cameroon 10,000.0 43,539.7 CapeVerde 0.0 79.8 CentralAfricanRep. 15,797.0 267.6 Chile 0.0 1,588.9 China 0.0 33,505.2 Colombia 0.0 6,874.2 Comoros 0.0 6.3 CongoDem. Rep. 164,104.3 2,489.3 CostaRica 0.0 3,686.9 Coted'Ivoire 0.0 2,031.6 Cuba 0.0 3,957.3 Dominica 0.0 0.3 DominicanRepublic 0.0 408.6 Ecuador 0.0 244.0 Egypt 561.1 24,565.5 ElSalvador 0.0 212.2 Eritrea 5,590.0 287.3 Ethiopia 316,498.1 5,253.1 Fiji 0.0 1,085.6 FormerYugoslavRepublicofMacedonia(FYROM) 0.0 2,139.3 Gabon 0.0 220.6 Gambia 0.0 9,894.0 Georgia 0.0 4,337.5 Ghana 58,075.9 8,333.4 Grenada 0.0 0.8 Guatemala 0.0 1,077.3 Guinea 0.0 280.6 GuineaBissau 0.0 73.5 Guyana 670.5 371.5 Haiti 4,627.0 58.2 Honduras 0.0 26.9 India 188,040.2 91,019.8 Indonesia 14,227.0 1,563.1 Iran 0.0 658.9 Iraq 29,462.7 8,907.8 Jamaica 2,262.0 3,915.4 Jordan 10,065.1 8,473.2 Kazakhstan 0.0 1,782.2 Kenya 116,794.0 18,234.9 Kiribati 0.0 17.7 KoreaDem. Rep. 0.0 277.2 Kosovo 0.0 5,839.2 KyrgyzRepublic 4,109.7 1,842.0 Laos 765.0 707.9 Lebanon 18,744.9 7,264.0 Lesotho 27.7 232.5 Liberia 5,603.6 192.2 Libya 2,345.9 26,317.2 Madagascar 0.0 199.0 Malawi 51,069.5 9,579.4 Malaysia 0.0 1,761.7 Maldives 0.0 52.7 Mali 215.7 1,886.0 Mauritania 330.0 241.2 Mauritius 0.0 744.6 Mexico 0.0 958.7 Moldova 0.0 1,463.6 Mongolia 0.0 444.3 Montenegro 0.0 506.5 Montserrat 19,594.9 707.1 Morocco 0.0 7,968.9 Mozambique 81,807.9 2,158.6 Myanmar 69,970.7 3,307.3 Namibia 0.0 285.2 Nauru 0.0 15.0 Nepal 109,843.6 2,054.8 Nicaragua 0.0 73.7 Niger 0.0 110.1 Nigeria 226,409.7 10,321.4 Pakistan 240,360.9 25,963.4 Panama 0.0 447.7 PapuaNewGuinea 0.0 1,096.9 Paraguay 0.0 149.9 Peru 0.0 98.2 Philippines 54,199.4 1,822.7 Rwanda 46,290.4 1,737.3 SaoTomePrincipe 0.0 95.2 Senegal 230.0 300.6 Serbia 0.0 2,995.2 Seychelles 0.0 380.0 SierraLeone 235,110.5 2,636.8 SolomonIslands 300.0 483.7 Somalia 109,445.2 14,346.2 SouthAfrica 11,380.2 29,443.1 SouthSudan 162,226.2 4,833.8 SriLanka 1,124.7 4,119.0 StHelena 74,774.7 977.2 StKitts Nevis 0.0 0.0 StLucia 0.0 188.4 StVincentGrenadines 0.0 0.2 Sudan 43,713.3 6,199.3 Swaziland 0.0 952.2 Syria 100,734.8 28,896.2 Tajikistan 11,823.6 1,971.2 Tanzania 143,534.3 5,396.5 Thailand 0.0 12,109.2 TimorLeste 0.0 45.3 Tonga 0.0 7.5 Tunisia 629.0 1,452.7 Turkey 3,879.6 4,605.9 Turkmenistan 0.0 366.0 Uganda 110,696.7 27,923.6 Ukraine 2,901.4 4,603.6 Uruguay 0.0 237.6 Uzbekistan 0.0 1,238.6 Vanuatu 0.0 11.9 Venezuela 0.0 1,428.3 Vietnam 10,407.9 4,780.6 WestBankGazaStrip 75,347.2 8,010.4 Yemen 77,665.4 4,453.8 Zambia 80,929.5 10,129.9 Zimbabwe 95,290.6 8,733.0

In 2009/10, the DFID's Gross Public Expenditure on Development was £6.65bn. Of this £3.96bn was spent on Bilateral Aid (including debt relief, humanitarian assistance and project funding) and £2.46bn was spent on Multilateral Aid, including support to the EU, World Bank, UN and other related agencies. Although the Department for International Development's foreign aid budget was not affected by the cuts outlined by the Chancellor of the Exchequer's 2010 spending review, DFID saw their administration budgets slashed by about 19 per cent over the next four years, a reduction in back office costs to account for only 2 per cent of their total spend by 2015. In 2010, the DFID was criticised for spending around £15 million a year in the UK, although this only accounted for 0.25% of its total budget. In 2010, £1.85 million had been given to the Foreign Office to fund the Papal visit of Pope Benedict, although a department spokesman said that "The contribution recognised the Catholic Church's role as a major provider of health and education services in developing countries". There has also been criticism of some spending by international organisations with UNESCO and the FAO being particularly weak. In 2011, the government were also criticised for increasing the aid budget at a time where other departments were being cut. The head of the conservative pressure group TaxPayers' Alliance said that "The department should at least get the same treatment other high priority areas like science did – a cash freeze would save billions." The budget for 2011–12 was £6.7 billion including £1.4 billion of capital. In June 2013, as part of the 2013 Spending Round outcomes it was announced that the DFID's total programme budget would increase to £10.3bn in 2014/15 and £11.1bn in 2015/16 to help meet the government's commitment to spend 0.7% of gross national income on official development assistance. The DFID was responsible for the majority of Britain's official development assistance, projected to total £11.7bn in 2014/15 and £12.2bn in 2015/16. On 1 April 2015, the Conflict, Stability and Security Fund, a fund of more than £1 billion per year for tackling conflict and instability abroad, was created under the control of the National Security Council, and £823 million was transferred from the DFID budget to the fund, £739 million of which was then administered by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office and £42 million by the Ministry of Defence. Subsequently, concern was expressed in the media that Britain's aid budget was being spent on defence and foreign policy objectives and to support the work of other departments. In November 2015, the DFID released a new policy document titled "UK aid: tackling global challenges in the national interest". According to the OECD, the official development assistance from the United Kingdom increased to USD 15.7 billion (preliminary data) in 2022 due to an increase in gross national income and additional funding for in donor refugee costs. Official development assistance represented 0.51% of gross national income.

The following table lists committed funding from the DFID for the top 15 sectors, as recorded in the department's International Aid Transparency Initiative (IATI) publications. The DFID joined the IATI in January 2011 but also records grants before that point. The sectors use the names from the DAC 5 Digit Sector list. Committed funding (£ millions) Sector Before 2011 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Sum Material relief assistance and services 527.6 213.2 318.3 494.1 758.1 492.0 231.1 0.0 3,034.4 Emergency food aid 479.0 181.7 347.4 269.6 353.3 137.4 148.2 0.0 1,916.5 Primary education 856.2 521.8 474.7 91.2 44.3 49.3 216.9 0.0 2,254.4 Social/ welfare services 980.6 268.4 225.8 376.6 32.3 235.8 40.3 0.0 2,159.8 Environmental policy and administrative management 400.2 194.3 284.0 107.2 300.8 136.4 113.2 0.0 1,536.2 Public sector policy and administrative management 1,352.4 151.1 249.1 159.0 251.3 109.8 115.6 0.0 2,388.4 Education policy and administrative management 1,153.6 328.4 504.2 64.1 101.1 10.8 6.4 1.5 2,170.1 Multisector aid 753.1 805.0 155.4 8.2 9.6 1.5 0.7 0.0 1,733.5 Relief co ordination; protection and support services 170.9 71.4 115.6 145.3 320.0 119.8 177.5 0.0 1,120.4 Reproductive health care 720.5 308.6 267.0 161.0 65.8 91.4 47.9 0.0 1,662.2 Small and medium sized enterprises (SME) development 173.8 16.1 583.2 58.8 147.3 17.2 49.5 0.0 1,046.0 Basic health care 477.3 287.5 165.7 84.3 37.2 179.3 43.8 0.0 1,275.0 Financial policy and administrative management 520.8 51.5 285.4 56.7 101.4 12.3 49.2 0.0 1,077.2 Agricultural development 179.0 142.1 37.4 102.0 161.5 72.2 33.0 0.0 727.1 Family planning 236.8 175.6 136.4 75.7 38.0 44.7 31.1 0.0 738.3 Other 28,828.3 9,225.2 4,636.4 2,479.2 2,217.2 1,521.6 1,611.9 36.9 50,519.9 Total 37,810.1 12,941.7 8,785.8 4,733.0 4,939.3 3,231.6 2,916.4 38.5 75,396.4