Гавайидегі алып қалқан тәрізді жанартау және күн үйі

Massive shield volcano in Hawaii
the historic house

Haleakalā (,/h//ɑː//l//i/,/ɑː//k//ə/'/l//ɑː/; Hawaiian: ), or the East Maui Volcano, is a massive, active shield volcano that forms more than 75% of the Hawaiian Island of Maui. The western 25% of the island is formed by another volcano, Mauna Kahalawai, also referred to as the West Maui Mountains. The tallest peak of Haleakalā ("house of the sun"), at 10023 feet (3055 m), is Puu Ulaula (Red Hill). From the summit one looks down into a massive depression some across, wide, and nearly deep. The surrounding walls are steep and the interior mostly barren looking with a scattering of volcanic cones.

Early Hawaiians applied the name Haleakalā ("house of the sun") to the general mountain. Haleakalā is also the name of a peak on the southwestern edge of Kaupō Gap. In Hawaiian folklore, the depression (crater) at the summit of Haleakalā was home to the grandmother of the demigod Māui. According to the legend, Māui's grandmother helped him capture the sun and force it to slow its journey across the sky in order to lengthen the day.

[[File:Maui lava hazard map. jpg|frame|right|Lava Flow Hazard map of Haleakala. The Maui Hazard Zone numbers are two less than the equivalent Hawaii Hazard Zone numbers. Using this same scale, preliminary estimates of lava flow hazard zones on Maui made in 1983 by the U. S. Geological Survey rated the summit and southwest rift zone of Haleakala as Hazard Zone 3. The steep, downslope areas of the Kanaio and Kahikinui ahupuaa and the area north of Hana are rated as Hazard Zone 4. Other areas of Haleakala are rated comparable to the lava flow hazards of Mauna Kea and Kohala (Hazard Zones 7 through 9). A "Normal" status is used to designate typical volcanic activity in a background, non eruptive phase.

The nēnē bird is on the endangered species list. The bird was once on all the islands of Hawaii but now it is only on the Island of Hawaii, Maui, and Kauai. Habitat loss, hunting, and introduction of mammals caused the bird population to dwindle. Since 2010, only 2,000 birds were left. These birds were then kept in captivity to increase the population.

Haleakala silversword is a quintessential plant of Haleakalā since it grows nowhere else on Earth. Climate change has been threatening the population of this plant due to hotter temperatures and lower rainfall. The park service has erected fences to prevent damage from local herbivores and from visitors taking the plants as souvenirs.

Surrounding and including the crater is Haleakalā National Park, a park, of which are wilderness. The park includes the summit depression, Kipahulu Valley on the southeast, and Oheo Gulch (and pools), extending to the shoreline in the Kipahulu area. From the summit, there are two main trails leading into Haleakalā: Sliding Sands Trail and Halemauu Trail. The temperature near the summit tends to vary between about and, especially given the thin air and the possibility of dehydration at that elevation, the walking trails can be more challenging than one might expect. This is aggravated by the fact that trails lead downhill from parking areas into the crater. Because of this, hikers are faced with a difficult return ascent after potentially descending 2000 ft or more to the crater floor. Despite this, Haleakalā is popular with tourists and locals alike, who often venture to its summit, or to the visitor center just below the summit, to view the sunrise. There is lodging in the form of a few simple cabins, though no food or gas is available in the park. To help with preservation efforts, Haleakala National Park started requiring a sunrise reservation to enter Haleakala National Park between the hours of 3:00 AM and 7:00 AM HST.

Because of the remarkable clarity, dryness, and stillness of the air, and its elevation (with atmospheric pressure of ), as well as the absence of the lights of major cities, the summit of Haleakalā is one of the most sought after locations in the world for ground based telescopes (though to a lesser extent than Mauna Kea on neighboring Hawaii). As a result of the geographic importance of this observational platform, experts come from all over the world to take part in research at "Science City", an astrophysical complex operated by the U. S. Department of Defense, University of Hawaii, Smithsonian Institution, Air Force, Federal Aviation Administration, and others. Some of the telescopes operated by the US Department of Defense are involved in researching man made (e. g. spacecraft, monitoring satellites, rockets, and laser technology) rather than celestial objects. The program is in collaboration with defense contractors in the Maui Research and Technology Park in Kihei. The astronomers on Haleakalā are concerned about increasing light pollution as Maui's population grows. Nevertheless, new telescopes are added, such as the Pan STARRS in 2006.

Haleakalā's summit experiences a cold summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen classification Csc), one of the few locations in the world with this climate type. The Haleakalā Ranger station, at a lower elevation, lies in the subtropical highland (Cfb, bordering on Csb if the threshold is used) climate zone. It is in hardiness zone 10a.