Филип Хилл: Америкалық автокөлік спортының чемпионы

American racing driver (1927–2008)

Philip Toll Hill Jr. (April 20, 1927 – August 28, 2008) was an American racing driver. He was one of two American drivers to win the Formula One World Drivers' Championship, and the only one who was born in the United States (the other, Mario Andretti, was born in Italy and later became an American citizen). He also scored three wins at each of the 24 Hours of Le Mans and 12 Hours of Sebring sports car races. Hill was described as a "thoughtful, gentle man" and once said, "I'm in the wrong business. I don't want to beat anybody, I don't want to be the big hero. I'm a peace loving man, basically."

Born April 20, 1927, in Miami, Florida, Hill was raised in Santa Monica, California, where he lived until his death. He studied business administration at the University of Southern California from 1945 to 1947, where he was a member of the Kappa Sigma fraternity. Hill left early to pursue auto racing, working as a mechanic on other drivers' cars. Hill began racing cars at an early age, going to England as a Jaguar trainee in 1949 and signing with Enzo Ferrari's team in 1956. He made his debut in the French Grand Prix at Reims, France, in 1958 driving a Maserati. That same year, paired with Belgian teammate Olivier Gendebien, Hill became the first American born winner of the 24 Hours of Le Mans with Hill driving most of the night in horrific rainy conditions. He and Gendebien would go on to win the endurance race again in 1961 and 1962. Hill began driving full time for the Ferrari Formula One team in 1959, earning three podium finishes and fourth place in the Drivers' Championship. In 1960 he won the Italian Grand Prix at Monza, the first Grand Prix win for an American driver in nearly forty years (except the Indianapolis 500, once part of Grand Prix World Championship series), since Jimmy Murphy won the 1921 French Grand Prix. This also turned out to be the last win for a front engined car in Formula 1. The following season, Hill won the Belgian Grand Prix and with two races left trailed only his Ferrari teammate Wolfgang von Trips in the season standings. A crash during the Italian Grand Prix killed von Trips and fifteen spectators. Hill won the race and clinched the championship but the triumph was bittersweet. Ferrari's decision not to travel to America for the season's final round deprived Hill of the opportunity to participate in his home race at Watkins Glen as the newly crowned World Champion. When he returned for the following season, his last with Ferrari, Hill said, "I no longer have as much need to race, to win. I don't have as much hunger anymore. I am no longer willing to risk killing myself." In that same season, he entered his last Formula One race, the Italian Grand Prix at Monza, racing for Dan Gurney's All American Racers, but he failed to qualify. Hill retired from racing altogether in 1967. Hill has the distinction of having won the first (a three lap event at Carrell Speedway in a MG TC on July 24, 1949) and last races of his driving career, the final victory driving for Chaparral in the BOAC 500 at Brands Hatch in England in 1967. Hill also drove an experimental MG, EX 181, at Bonneville Salt Flats. The "Roaring Raindrop" had a 91 cubic inch (1.5 L) supercharged MGA twin cam engine, using 86% methanol with nitrobenzene, acetone, and diethyl ether, for an output of 290 HP. In 1959 Hill attained 257 mph in this car, breaking the previous record of Stirling Moss in the same car, 246 mph. Hill appeared as himself on the December 11, 1961, episode of the game show To Tell the Truth. He received none of four possible votes.

Following his retirement, Hill built up an award winning classic car restoration business in the 1970s called Hill & Vaughn with business partner Ken Vaughn, until they sold the partnership to Jordanian Raja Gargour and Vaughn went on to run a separate business on his own in 1984. Hill remained with Gargour at Hill & Vaughn until the sale of the business again in 1995. Hill also worked as a television commentator for ABC's Wide World of Sports. Hill had a long association with Road & Track magazine. He wrote several articles for them, including road tests and retrospective articles on historic cars and races. He shared his "grand old man" status at R&T with 1960s racing rival Paul Frère, who also died in 2008. In his last years, Hill devoted his time to his vintage car collection and judged at the Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance more often than any other individual; 2007 was the 40th time he had judged the event. Hill was married to Alma, and had three children: Derek, Vanessa and Jennifer. Derek raced in International Formula 3000 in 2001, 2002 and 2003, but was forced to retire when Phil became ill with Parkinson's disease. After traveling to the Monterey Historic Automobile Races in August 2008, Hill was taken to Community Hospital of the Monterey Peninsula, where he died after a short illness from complications of Parkinson's disease in Monterey, California, on August 28. Inside Track, a three volume book set came out at the tail end of 2017 covering the life and career of Phil Hill. It's a work that had started before his death. Turn 9 of the CW13 configuration of Buttonwillow Raceway Park is named after Hill.

Year Team Co drivers Car Class Laps 1953 William Spear Bill Spear Ferrari 225 SS3.056DNF(Differential) 1954 William Spear Bill Spear Ferrari 375 MMS5.060DNF(Rear end) 1955 Allen Guiberson Carroll Shelby Ferrari 750 Monza SpyderS3.0182 2nd 1st 1956 George Tilp Masten Gregory Ferrari 857 SS5.061DNF(Bearings) 1957 Ferrari Factory Wolfgang von Trips Ferrari 290 MMS5.0106DNF(Electrics) 1958 Scuderia Ferrari Peter Collins Ferrari 250 TR 58S3.0200 1st 1st 1959 Scuderia Ferrari Dan Gurney Chuck Daigh Olivier Gendebien Ferrari 250 TR 59S3.0188 1st 1st 1961 Sefac Automobile Ferrari Olivier Gendebien Ferrari 250 TRI/61S3.0210 1st 1st 1962 North American Racing Team Olivier Gendebien Ferrari 250 GTOGT3.0196 2nd 1st 1963 Ed Hugus Ken Miles Lew Spencer Shelby CobraGT+4.0192 11th 1st Shelby American, Inc. Dan Gurney Shelby CobraGT+4.0163 29th 5th 1964 Ford of France Jo Schlesser Shelby CobraGT5.0203 6th 3rd 1965 Shelby American, Inc. Lew Spencer Jim Adams Shelby Cobra Daytona CoupeGT5.0173 21st 5th Ken Miles Richie Ginther Ford GT40P+4.037DNF(Rear suspension) 1966 Chaparral Cars Inc. Jo Bonnier Chaparral 2DP+5.027DNF(Oil leak)

Year Team Co drivers Car Class Laps 1962 North American Racing Team Ricardo Rodríguez Ferrari 246 SPS2.582 2nd 2nd 1964 North American Racing Team Pedro Rodríguez Ferrari 250 GTOGT+2.0327 1st 1st 1966 Chaparral Cars Inc. Jo Bonnier Chaparral 2DP+2.0318DNF(Wheel) 1967 Chaparral Cars Inc. Mike Spence Chaparral 2FP+2.093DNF(Accident suspension damage)