Норвегия әскеріндегі жедел мобильдік күштер

Rapid mobilisation force in the Norwegian military

The Norwegian Home Guard (Heimevernet – "HV") is the rapid mobilization force within the Norwegian armed forces. Its main focus is local defense and civil support, but it can also detach volunteers for international operations. Its main tasks are safeguarding territorial integrity, strengthening military presence, and protecting important infrastructure. It has land defense units, and has volunteers and conscript personnel with backgrounds from all branches. Founded 6 December 1946, it is the second youngest branch in the Norwegian armed forces after the Norwegian Cyber Defence Force (Cyberforsvaret).

The Home Guard is divided into 11 districts ("HV districts"), which again is divided into smaller units, typically covering a single county. In a wartime situation Heimevernet will typically be used to protect the local infrastructure and population. The Home Guard district commanders represent a level of command subordinate to the Joint Operational Headquarters but with territorial responsibility which includes responsibility for operational planning. They also have a responsibility to the Chief of Staff of the Norwegian Home Guard for force production. The Home Guard maintains contact with the civil community through a civil military network based on mutual knowledge and trust. The local commanders are responsible for fostering cooperation with the police and the civil sector at local and county levels. The Home Guard also has several rapid reaction intervention forces consisting of 3,000 voluntarily recruited and well trained soldiers.

The Home Guard does a troop exchange with the Minnesota National Guard every year. The exchange grew from Norwegian American soldiers sent to Norway to assist resistance fighters in World War II. As part of the exchange, American Guard members are flown to Værnes Air Station and Norwegians are sent to Camp Ripley. Troops complete each other's training, and tour the area.

Until the end of the 1960s, the Home Guard used second hand weapons from the Norwegian Army. At the end of the period, the Home Guard was equipped with more modern and heavier weapons. The Home Guard today uses small arms like the MP 7 submachine guns, HK416 automatic rifles, MG 3 machine gun and FN Minimi light machine guns. Additionally, the Barrett M82 sniper rifle and Glock 17 pistol are used. Additionally, the Carl Gustaf 8.4cm recoilless rifle is used by the rapid reaction forces infantry platoons. The vehicle fleet consists mainly of Mercedes Benz G Class utility vehicles, ambulances and Scania lorries. In November 2020, The Rapid Reaction Forces received 420 new Volkswagen Amarok field wagons, to replace the older MB 240 wagons.

The Home Guards weapon school Heimevernets våpenskole (HVVS) established in 1947 is located at Dombås. The training centre is providing education and courses for Home Guard personnel, but also for the other branches in the armed forces. HVVS schools 1200 NCOs and officers yearly, and offers 70 different courses of various length.