Сравнивайте с английским: нажмите на абзац — оригинал откроется в окне. Кнопка EN под абзацем показывает его прямо в тексте.
Содержание
Введение
Мутаре, ранее известный как Умтали до 1982 года, является крупнейшим и административным центром провинции Маникаленд в Зимбабве. Это самый густонаселенный город в провинции Маникаленд и третий по численности населения в Зимбабве, обогнав Гверу по данным переписи 2012 года, с городским населением 224 802 человека и приблизительно 260 567 человек в окружающих районах, что дает общей численности населения в расширенной городской зоне более 500 000 человек. Мутаре также является столицей провинции Маникаленд и крупнейшим городом в восточной части Зимбабве. Расположенный недалеко от границы с Мозамбиком, Мутаре на протяжении долгого времени был центром торговли и ключевым транзитным пунктом на пути к порту Бейра (в Бейре, Мозамбик). Мутаре – это транспортный узел для торговли, с железнодорожным сообщением, трубопроводным транспортом и автомагистралями, соединяющими побережье с Хараре и внутренними районами Зимбабве. К другим традиционным отраслям промышленности относятся деревообработка, производство бумаги, торговля, переработка пищевых продуктов, телекоммуникации и транспорт.
Largest and Admistration City of Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe
Mutare, formerly known as Umtali until 1982, is the most populous city in the province of Manicaland, and the third most populous in Zimbabwe, having surpassed Gweru in the 2012 census, with an urban population of 224,802 and approximately 260,567 in the surrounding districts, giving the wider metropolitan area a total population of over 500,000 people. Mutare is also the capital of Manicaland Province and the largest city in eastern Zimbabwe. Located near the border with Mozambique, Mutare has long been a centre of trade and a key terminus en route to the port of Beira (in Beira, Mozambique). Mutare is hub for trade with railway links, pipeline transport and highways linking the coast with Harare and Zimbabwe's interior. Other traditional industries include timber, papermaking, commerce, food processing, telecommunications, and transportation.
История
Хотя город был основан в конце девятнадцатого века, регион имеет долгую историю торговых караванов, проходивших по пути к Индийскому океану, от портов, таких как Софала, до внутренних поселений, таких как Великое Зимбабве. Зимбабве также известен своими изделиями из мыльного камня – резьбой и фигурками, которые свидетельствуют об этих торговых путях, начиная с позднего африканского железного века (около 900 года н.э.) и вплоть до колониального периода. Обширная находка изделий из мыльного камня, ювелирных украшений, оружия, черепков и других предметов была обнаружена в окрестностях Мутаре британским археологом Э.М. Эндрюсом в начале двадцатого века. Позже, в 1905 году, они были переданы попечителями Сесила Родса в Британский музей. Фигурки из мыльного камня, как антропоморфные, так и зооморфные, могли быть частью вотивного подношения, поскольку их обнаружили рядом с тем, что походило на алтарь. Мутаре был основан в 1897 году как форт, примерно в 8 км от границы с Мозамбиком, и находится всего в 290 км от мозамбикского порта Бейра, что принесло Мутаре название «Ворота Зимбабве к морю». Иногда его также называют «Воротами в Восточные нагорья». Многие местные жители Зимбабве называют его «Кумакомойо» (место многих гор). На железнодорожной линии от Булавайо до Бейры расположена пограничная железнодорожная станция с железнодорожной механической мастерской. В этом районе находился крааль вождя Мутасы. В 1890 году А.Р. Кокууну были предоставлены концессионные права, и Форт Умтали (который позже стал Мутаре) был основан между реками Цамбе и Мутаре. Слово «mutare» происходит от слова «Utare», означающего железо (или, возможно, золото). Вероятно, название реки было дано из-за обнаружения золота в долине Пенхалонга, по которой протекает река Мутаре. В 1891 году поселение было перенесено на место, ныне известное как Старый Мутаре, примерно в 14 км к северу от центра города. В 1896 году строительство железной дороги между Бейрой и Булавайо привело к тому, что город был перенесен в третий раз, чтобы быть ближе к железнодорожной линии – Британская компания Южной Африки выплатила компенсацию жителям города за расходы на переезд. Город получил статус муниципалитета 11 июня 1914 года, а в 1971 году ему был присвоен статус города. В 1982 году название было официально изменено с Умтали на Мутаре. Численность белого населения в Умтали сократилась с 9950 человек в 1969 году до 8600 человек в июне 1978 года. В городе с 26 января 1897 года по 23 мая 1921 года действовала трамвайная линия, перевозившая пассажиров от железнодорожной станции до (тогдашнего клуба Умтали), ныне клуба Мутаре. Трамвайная линия проходила по центру Главной улицы, где сейчас растут пальмы. В Умтали планировалось создание фондовой биржи. Главное почтовое отделение располагалось на месте, где сейчас находится центр CABS.
Although the city was founded in the late nineteenth century, the region has a long history of trading caravans passing through on the way to the Indian Ocean, from ports such as Sofala, to inland settlements, such as Great Zimbabwe. Zimbabwe is also renowned for its soapstone carvings and figurines which are evidence of these trade routes, dating as far back as the late African Iron Age (c. 900 AD) right up to the colonial period. A large hoard of soapstone carvings, jewellery, weapons, sherds and other objects were found in the vicinity of Mutare by the British archaeologist E M Andrews at the beginning of the twentieth century they were later donated by the trustees of Cecil Rhodes to the British Museum in 1905. The soapstone figures, which are both anthropomorphic and zoomorphic, might have been part of a votive offering, as they were discovered near what appeared to be an altar. Mutare was founded in 1897 as a fort, about 8 km from the border with Mozambique, and is just 290 km from the Mozambican port of Beira, earning Mutare the title of "Zimbabwe's Gateway to the Sea". It is sometimes also called "Gateway to the Eastern Highlands". Many Zimbabwean locals refer to it as 'Kumakomoyo' (place of many mountains). There is a border railway station on the railway line from Bulawayo to Beira with a railways mechanical workshop. The area was the site of Chief Mutasa's kraal. In 1890 A. R. Coquhoun was given concessionary rights and Fort Umtali (the fort later became Mutare) was established between the Tsambe and Mutare Rivers. The word mutare originates from the word 'Utare' meaning iron (or possibly meaning gold). The name was probably given to the river as a result of gold being discovered in the Penhalonga valley through which the Mutare River runs. In 1891 the location was moved to a site now known as Old Mutare, about 14 km north of the city centre. In 1896 the construction of the railway between Beira and Bulawayo led to the town being moved a third time so that it was closer to the railway line – compensation was paid by the British South Africa Company to the townspeople for the cost of moving. The town was proclaimed a municipality on 11 June 1914 and in 1971 it was granted city status. The name was officially changed from Umtali to Mutare in 1982. The white population in Umtali dropped from 9,950 in 1969 to 8,600 in June 1978. The city had a tramway from January 26, 1897 to May 23, 1921 which transported passengers from the Railway station up to the (then Umtali Club) now Mutare Club. The Tramway was at the centre of Main Street where the palm trees now stand. There were plans to set up a Stock Exchange in Umtali. The main post office was at the site where CABS centre now stands.
География
Город расположен к северу от гор Бвумба и к югу от долины Имбеза. Рождественский перевал – это горный перевал, ведущий в город с запада. Свое название перевал получил от некоторых колониальных пионеров, разбивших лагерь у его подножия в Рождество 1890 года. В Мутаре находится несколько туристических достопримечательностей, таких как Музей Мутаре, Музей Дома Утопии, посвященный Кингсли Фэрбриджу, Национальная галерея Зимбабве, холм Мурахва, известный своими наскальными рисунками и поселением железного века, Крест-Копье с мемориалом в память о зимбабвийцах и мозамбикцах, погибших в Первой мировой войне, а также заповедники Сесил-Копье и Тигерс-Клоуф. Часовня мальчиков Мутаре была возведена в честь выпускников, погибших во Второй мировой войне, и расположена на холме в школе Мутаре (ранее Умтали). Мутаре имеет железнодорожное сообщение с ежедневными пассажирскими и грузовыми поездами до Ньязуры, Русапе и Хараре. Существует три небольших аэродрома: самый маленький – при провинциальной больнице Мутаре, небольшая взлетно-посадочная полоса для легких самолетов, предназначенная для экстренной эвакуации (в настоящее время не используется), аэродром для легких самолетов в Сакубве, рядом с педагогическим колледжем Мутаре, и аэропорт Гранд Риф, расположенный недалеко от города, в Айрине. Кроме того, есть четвертый аэропорт, построенный в Чиадзва для перевозки алмазов на переработку в Хараре.
The town lies north of the Bvumba Mountains and south of the Imbeza Valley. Christmas Pass is a mountain pass that leads into the city from the west. The pass was so named by some of the colonial pioneers who camped at the foot of the pass on Christmas Day 1890. Mutare is home to several tourist attractions such as, the Mutare Museum, the Utopia House Museum dedicated to Kingsley Fairbridge, the National Gallery of Zimbabwe, Murahwa Hill, known for its rock paintings and Iron Age village, Cross Kopje with a memorial to Zimbabweans and Mozambicans killed in World War I and a nature reserve Cecil Kopje and Tigers Kloof. The Mutare Boys' High Chapel was constructed in honour of former Old boys who perished in World War II, situated on a hilly knoll at Mutare Boys High (then Umtali Boys High). Mutare is served by rail with daily passenger and freight links to Nyazura, Rusape and Harare. There are three small aerodromes; the smallest is at Mutare Provincial Hospital, a very small light aircraft strip for emergency evacuation (now defunct), a light plane aerodrome in Sakubva near Mutare Teachers College, and the Grand Reef Airport just outside the city at Irene. There is yet a fourth airport which was constructed in Chiadzwa to carry diamonds for processing in Harare.
Демография
В 1965 году население Мутаре составляло 46 000 человек. Расовый состав включал 36 100 чернокожих африканцев, 560 азиатов, 340 представителей смешанных рас и 9 100 белых. Основную часть населения составляют шона, большинство из которых говорит на диалекте маньика. Местные жители называют носителей этого диалекта саманьика. По данным переписи населения 2012 года, население Мутаре составляет 260 567 человек. Это свидетельствует о значительном росте населения по сравнению с 69 621 человеком в 1982 году и 131 367 человеком в 1992 году.
In 1965, Mutare had a population of 46,000. The racial makeup was split between 36,100 black Africans, 560 Asians, 340 Coloureds, and 9,100 whites. The population is predominantly Shona, the majority of them speaking the Manyika dialect. Manyika people are locally known as Samanyika. According to the 2012 census data, Mutare has a population of 260,567. This marks a rapid increase from a population of 69,621 in 1982 and 131,367 in 1992.
Городской пейзаж
Мутаре, как и большинство городов Зимбабве, классифицирует жилые районы в соответствии с плотностью населения: низкой, средней и высокой плотности. В прошлом, как и во всей Южной Африке в колониальный период, люди были разделены по районам в зависимости от их расовой принадлежности. Белые проживали в престижных восточных районах с низкой плотностью населения, представители смешанных рас – в таких районах, как Флорида, а чернокожие африканцы были сегрегированы в поселки Сакубва и Дангамвура. Самые престижные районы (с низкой плотностью населения), такие как Мурамби, Фэрбридж-парк, Морнингсайд, Тайгерс-Клоуф и Авеню, расположены на северной и восточной окраинах города. Район Авеню находится к востоку от центра города по дороге к Тайгерс-Клоуф и Мурамби, гранича с Морнингсайдом. К востоку от делового центра расположены районы Палмерстон, Дарлингтон, Гринсайд и Бордервейл, которые находятся недалеко от границы с Мозамбиком. На западе находятся районы со средней плотностью населения (то есть средний класс), крупнейшим и наиболее известным из которых является Йевил (большинство названий улиц в Йевиле названы в честь английских графств, например, Сассекс-Гарденс, Хэмпшир, Девоншир, Сомерсет, Кобэм). После Йевиля были построены Уэстлиа (большинство улиц в Уэстлиа названы в честь городов Австралазии, например, Канберра, Окленд, Сидней, Перт и Крайстчерч) и Флорида (улицы во Флориде носят имена английских королей, например, Генри, Альфред, Ричард, Джордж), а также район Чиканга с высокой плотностью населения, который строился поэтапно, начиная с конца 1980-х годов. Дальше к западу от Чиканги расположены Гарикай, Бернвин и Хобхаус. К югу от железнодорожных путей находится рабочий район Сакубва, в котором проживает почти половина населения города, несмотря на площадь менее четырех квадратных миль. Сакубва считается самым бедным из районов Мутаре, и его экономика сосредоточена вокруг большого открытого рынка продуктов питания и подержанных вещей и "Musika weHuku" (Куриный рынок). Рынок был недавно снесен в рамках кампании по благоустройству города и в связи с пандемией COVID-19 и перенесен в другое место. К югу от города, скрытый от остальной части города рядом с холмами, находится район Дангамвура с высокой плотностью населения. Престижные районы Вейрмут (Плоты) и Ферн-Вэлли также находятся на южной окраине города; в этих районах жилые участки превышают акр, а садоводство является экономической деятельностью. Рядом с долиной Ферн находится новый государственный университет – Колледж прикладных наук Маникаленда. На юго-востоке, в горах, с обзорной площадки Принца Уэльского (с видом на Мозамбик внизу), находится живописный горный хребет Вумба – область огромной природной красоты и умеренного климата, где произрастают местные афромонтанные леса, экзотические деревья, такие как сосна и дуб, а также элитный отель Leopard Rock, а также курортные зоны для верховой езды, каякинга, скалолазания, пешеходных троп, завод по переработке пищевых продуктов и большие плантации сосновых и акациевых лесов. Дальше на юг, по дороге в Масвинго, за пределами города находится район Зимунья с высокой плотностью населения. Основные промышленные районы Мутаре расположены к югу от железной дороги и к западу от Сакубвы, хотя небольшая легкая промышленность находится к востоку от южной части центра города в районе "Гринмаркет" и прилегающих территориях. Это некоторые из основных районов Мутаре.
Mutare, like most cities in Zimbabwe, classifies residential suburbs according to population density, Low density, Medium density and High density. In the past, as was done across Southern Africa during the colonial period, people were segregated to suburbs according to their racial ethnicity. Whites inhabited the Eastern upmarket suburbs the low density suburbs, with Coloured people (mixed race) living in suburbs like Florida and black Africans being segregated to the townships of Sakubva and Dangamvura. The most upscale suburbs (low density suburbs) such as Murambi, Fairbridge Park, Morningside, Tiger's Kloof and the Avenues are located on the north and east ends of the city. The suburb of Avenues is found just east of the city centre on the way to Tiger's Kloof and Murambi, bordering Morningside. East of the CBD is the suburbs of Palmerstone, Darlington, Greenside and Bordervale, which are all near the border with Mozambique. In the west are the medium density (i. e. middle class) suburbs, the largest and most famous being Yeovil (the majority of street names in Yeovil are named after English counties e. g. Sussex Gardens, Hampshire, Devonshire, Somerset, Cobham). Then more recently developed after Yeovil is Westlea (the majority all streets in Westlea are named after Australasian cities, (e. g. Canberra, Auckland, Sydney, Perth and Christchurch) and Florida (the streets in Florida have English Kings' names, e. g. Henry, Alfred, Richard, George), as well as the high density suburb of Chikanga, which was constructed in phases, beginning in the late eighties. Further west of Chikanga lies Garikai, Bernwin and Hobhouse. South of the railway tracks, is the working class suburb of Sakubva, which contains nearly half of the city's population despite an area of less than four square miles. Sakubva is considered to be the poorest of Mutare's suburbs, and its economy is centred around a large outdoor food and flea market and the "Musika weHuku" (The Chicken Market). The market has been recently razed in the recent exercise to clean up the city and in light of the COVID 19 pandemic and moved elsewhere. South of the city, hidden from view from the rest of the city by a series of hills, is the high density suburb of Dangamvura. The affluent areas of Weirmouth (Plots) and Fern Valley are also on the southern outskirts of the city; in these areas, residential lots exceed an acre, and market gardening is an economic activity. Nearby Fern Valley, is home to the new state university, the Manicaland College of Applied Sciences. To the south east, in the mountains from the Prince of Wales viewpoint (with views of Mozambique below), lies the scenic Vumba Mountain range, an area of immense great natural beauty and temperate climate, and home to an indigenous afromontane forests, exotic trees, such as pine and oak and the upscale, Leopard Rock Hotel, as well as resort areas for horse riding, kayaking, mountain climbing mountain trails, a food processing plant and large plantations of pine and wattle forests. Further south along the road to Masvingo, beyond the city limits is the high density town of Zimunya. Mutare's main industrial areas lie south of the railway and west of Sakubva, although there is some light industry just east of the southern part of the city centre at "Greenmarket" and surrounding areas. These are some of the major suburbs of Mutare. Region Suburbs Northern (North of the railway line) Murambi;Fairbridge Park; Morningside; Tiger's Kloof; Palmerston; Avenues; Utopia; Darlington; Greenside; Greenside Extension, Yeovil; Westlea; Florida; Toronto; Bordervale. Chikanga Southern (South of the railway line) Sakubva; Dangamvura; St Josephs Park Chikanga Extension, Weirmouth; Fern Valley; Zimunya; Hobhouse(1,2,3)extension; Natview Park, Garikai. .
Регион – Районы
Mutare, like most cities in Zimbabwe, classifies residential suburbs according to population density, Low density, Medium density and High density. In the past, as was done across Southern Africa during the colonial period, people were segregated to suburbs according to their racial ethnicity. Whites inhabited the Eastern upmarket suburbs the low density suburbs, with Coloured people (mixed race) living in suburbs like Florida and black Africans being segregated to the townships of Sakubva and Dangamvura. The most upscale suburbs (low density suburbs) such as Murambi, Fairbridge Park, Morningside, Tiger's Kloof and the Avenues are located on the north and east ends of the city. The suburb of Avenues is found just east of the city centre on the way to Tiger's Kloof and Murambi, bordering Morningside. East of the CBD is the suburbs of Palmerstone, Darlington, Greenside and Bordervale, which are all near the border with Mozambique. In the west are the medium density (i. e. middle class) suburbs, the largest and most famous being Yeovil (the majority of street names in Yeovil are named after English counties e. g. Sussex Gardens, Hampshire, Devonshire, Somerset, Cobham). Then more recently developed after Yeovil is Westlea (the majority all streets in Westlea are named after Australasian cities, (e. g. Canberra, Auckland, Sydney, Perth and Christchurch) and Florida (the streets in Florida have English Kings' names, e. g. Henry, Alfred, Richard, George), as well as the high density suburb of Chikanga, which was constructed in phases, beginning in the late eighties. Further west of Chikanga lies Garikai, Bernwin and Hobhouse. South of the railway tracks, is the working class suburb of Sakubva, which contains nearly half of the city's population despite an area of less than four square miles. Sakubva is considered to be the poorest of Mutare's suburbs, and its economy is centred around a large outdoor food and flea market and the "Musika weHuku" (The Chicken Market). The market has been recently razed in the recent exercise to clean up the city and in light of the COVID 19 pandemic and moved elsewhere. South of the city, hidden from view from the rest of the city by a series of hills, is the high density suburb of Dangamvura. The affluent areas of Weirmouth (Plots) and Fern Valley are also on the southern outskirts of the city; in these areas, residential lots exceed an acre, and market gardening is an economic activity. Nearby Fern Valley, is home to the new state university, the Manicaland College of Applied Sciences. To the south east, in the mountains from the Prince of Wales viewpoint (with views of Mozambique below), lies the scenic Vumba Mountain range, an area of immense great natural beauty and temperate climate, and home to an indigenous afromontane forests, exotic trees, such as pine and oak and the upscale, Leopard Rock Hotel, as well as resort areas for horse riding, kayaking, mountain climbing mountain trails, a food processing plant and large plantations of pine and wattle forests. Further south along the road to Masvingo, beyond the city limits is the high density town of Zimunya. Mutare's main industrial areas lie south of the railway and west of Sakubva, although there is some light industry just east of the southern part of the city centre at "Greenmarket" and surrounding areas. These are some of the major suburbs of Mutare. Region Suburbs Northern (North of the railway line) Murambi;Fairbridge Park; Morningside; Tiger's Kloof; Palmerston; Avenues; Utopia; Darlington; Greenside; Greenside Extension, Yeovil; Westlea; Florida; Toronto; Bordervale. Chikanga Southern (South of the railway line) Sakubva; Dangamvura; St Josephs Park Chikanga Extension, Weirmouth; Fern Valley; Zimunya; Hobhouse(1,2,3)extension; Natview Park, Garikai. .
Северный (к северу от железнодорожной линии) – Мурамби; Фэрбридж-парк; Морнингсайд; Тайгерс-Клоуф; Палмерстон; Авеню; Утопия; Дарлингтон; Гринсайд; Гринсайд Расширение, Йевил; Уэстлиа; Флорида; Торонто; Бордервейл; Чиканга
Mutare, like most cities in Zimbabwe, classifies residential suburbs according to population density, Low density, Medium density and High density. In the past, as was done across Southern Africa during the colonial period, people were segregated to suburbs according to their racial ethnicity. Whites inhabited the Eastern upmarket suburbs the low density suburbs, with Coloured people (mixed race) living in suburbs like Florida and black Africans being segregated to the townships of Sakubva and Dangamvura. The most upscale suburbs (low density suburbs) such as Murambi, Fairbridge Park, Morningside, Tiger's Kloof and the Avenues are located on the north and east ends of the city. The suburb of Avenues is found just east of the city centre on the way to Tiger's Kloof and Murambi, bordering Morningside. East of the CBD is the suburbs of Palmerstone, Darlington, Greenside and Bordervale, which are all near the border with Mozambique. In the west are the medium density (i. e. middle class) suburbs, the largest and most famous being Yeovil (the majority of street names in Yeovil are named after English counties e. g. Sussex Gardens, Hampshire, Devonshire, Somerset, Cobham). Then more recently developed after Yeovil is Westlea (the majority all streets in Westlea are named after Australasian cities, (e. g. Canberra, Auckland, Sydney, Perth and Christchurch) and Florida (the streets in Florida have English Kings' names, e. g. Henry, Alfred, Richard, George), as well as the high density suburb of Chikanga, which was constructed in phases, beginning in the late eighties. Further west of Chikanga lies Garikai, Bernwin and Hobhouse. South of the railway tracks, is the working class suburb of Sakubva, which contains nearly half of the city's population despite an area of less than four square miles. Sakubva is considered to be the poorest of Mutare's suburbs, and its economy is centred around a large outdoor food and flea market and the "Musika weHuku" (The Chicken Market). The market has been recently razed in the recent exercise to clean up the city and in light of the COVID 19 pandemic and moved elsewhere. South of the city, hidden from view from the rest of the city by a series of hills, is the high density suburb of Dangamvura. The affluent areas of Weirmouth (Plots) and Fern Valley are also on the southern outskirts of the city; in these areas, residential lots exceed an acre, and market gardening is an economic activity. Nearby Fern Valley, is home to the new state university, the Manicaland College of Applied Sciences. To the south east, in the mountains from the Prince of Wales viewpoint (with views of Mozambique below), lies the scenic Vumba Mountain range, an area of immense great natural beauty and temperate climate, and home to an indigenous afromontane forests, exotic trees, such as pine and oak and the upscale, Leopard Rock Hotel, as well as resort areas for horse riding, kayaking, mountain climbing mountain trails, a food processing plant and large plantations of pine and wattle forests. Further south along the road to Masvingo, beyond the city limits is the high density town of Zimunya. Mutare's main industrial areas lie south of the railway and west of Sakubva, although there is some light industry just east of the southern part of the city centre at "Greenmarket" and surrounding areas. These are some of the major suburbs of Mutare. Region Suburbs Northern (North of the railway line) Murambi;Fairbridge Park; Morningside; Tiger's Kloof; Palmerston; Avenues; Utopia; Darlington; Greenside; Greenside Extension, Yeovil; Westlea; Florida; Toronto; Bordervale. Chikanga Southern (South of the railway line) Sakubva; Dangamvura; St Josephs Park Chikanga Extension, Weirmouth; Fern Valley; Zimunya; Hobhouse(1,2,3)extension; Natview Park, Garikai. .
Южный (к югу от железнодорожной линии) – Сакубва; Дангамвура; Парк Святого Иосифа; Расширение Чиканга, Вейрмут; Долина папоротника; Зимунья; Расширение Хобхауса; Парк Натвью, Гарикай.
Mutare, like most cities in Zimbabwe, classifies residential suburbs according to population density, Low density, Medium density and High density. In the past, as was done across Southern Africa during the colonial period, people were segregated to suburbs according to their racial ethnicity. Whites inhabited the Eastern upmarket suburbs the low density suburbs, with Coloured people (mixed race) living in suburbs like Florida and black Africans being segregated to the townships of Sakubva and Dangamvura. The most upscale suburbs (low density suburbs) such as Murambi, Fairbridge Park, Morningside, Tiger's Kloof and the Avenues are located on the north and east ends of the city. The suburb of Avenues is found just east of the city centre on the way to Tiger's Kloof and Murambi, bordering Morningside. East of the CBD is the suburbs of Palmerstone, Darlington, Greenside and Bordervale, which are all near the border with Mozambique. In the west are the medium density (i. e. middle class) suburbs, the largest and most famous being Yeovil (the majority of street names in Yeovil are named after English counties e. g. Sussex Gardens, Hampshire, Devonshire, Somerset, Cobham). Then more recently developed after Yeovil is Westlea (the majority all streets in Westlea are named after Australasian cities, (e. g. Canberra, Auckland, Sydney, Perth and Christchurch) and Florida (the streets in Florida have English Kings' names, e. g. Henry, Alfred, Richard, George), as well as the high density suburb of Chikanga, which was constructed in phases, beginning in the late eighties. Further west of Chikanga lies Garikai, Bernwin and Hobhouse. South of the railway tracks, is the working class suburb of Sakubva, which contains nearly half of the city's population despite an area of less than four square miles. Sakubva is considered to be the poorest of Mutare's suburbs, and its economy is centred around a large outdoor food and flea market and the "Musika weHuku" (The Chicken Market). The market has been recently razed in the recent exercise to clean up the city and in light of the COVID 19 pandemic and moved elsewhere. South of the city, hidden from view from the rest of the city by a series of hills, is the high density suburb of Dangamvura. The affluent areas of Weirmouth (Plots) and Fern Valley are also on the southern outskirts of the city; in these areas, residential lots exceed an acre, and market gardening is an economic activity. Nearby Fern Valley, is home to the new state university, the Manicaland College of Applied Sciences. To the south east, in the mountains from the Prince of Wales viewpoint (with views of Mozambique below), lies the scenic Vumba Mountain range, an area of immense great natural beauty and temperate climate, and home to an indigenous afromontane forests, exotic trees, such as pine and oak and the upscale, Leopard Rock Hotel, as well as resort areas for horse riding, kayaking, mountain climbing mountain trails, a food processing plant and large plantations of pine and wattle forests. Further south along the road to Masvingo, beyond the city limits is the high density town of Zimunya. Mutare's main industrial areas lie south of the railway and west of Sakubva, although there is some light industry just east of the southern part of the city centre at "Greenmarket" and surrounding areas. These are some of the major suburbs of Mutare. Region Suburbs Northern (North of the railway line) Murambi;Fairbridge Park; Morningside; Tiger's Kloof; Palmerston; Avenues; Utopia; Darlington; Greenside; Greenside Extension, Yeovil; Westlea; Florida; Toronto; Bordervale. Chikanga Southern (South of the railway line) Sakubva; Dangamvura; St Josephs Park Chikanga Extension, Weirmouth; Fern Valley; Zimunya; Hobhouse(1,2,3)extension; Natview Park, Garikai. .
Инфраструктура
В городе расположена одна из важнейших железнодорожных станций на линии Бейра – Булавайо. Движение здесь часто интенсивное, поскольку это один из основных маршрутов Зимбабве к морю. Также наблюдается значительный пограничный трафик, связанный с посещением близлежащих городов Маника и Чимойо. Пригородные автобусы – популярный способ передвижения для пересечения границы и из отдалённых деревень. Более комфортабельные междугородние автобусы также доступны для поездок в Хараре и Бейру (Мозамбик). Мутаре обслуживается небольшим аэропортом, ориентированным преимущественно на небольшие самолеты и чартерные рейсы. Ближайший международный аэропорт находится в Хараре, примерно в 214 км (133 мили) к западу. Рядом с Сакубвой есть аэродром, а в Айрине, недалеко от города, расположен аэропорт Гранд Риф. Национальные железные дороги Зимбабве осуществляют ночное железнодорожное сообщение между Мутаре и Хараре три раза в неделю: отправление из Хараре по средам, пятницам и воскресеньям в 21:30, прибытие в Мутаре рано утром на рассвете. Трансграничного железнодорожного сообщения с Мозамбиком нет, оно ограничено грузовыми перевозками. Железнодорожный вокзал Мутаре расположен к юго-западу от центра города.
The city has one of the most important railway stations on the Beira–Bulawayo railway. Traffic is often heavy since this is one of Zimbabwe's main routes to the sea. There is also a lot of cross border traffic with people visiting the nearby cities of Manica and Chimoio. Commuter buses are a popular way of travelling for traffic across the border and from outlying villages. Higher quality intercity buses are also available to both Harare and Beira, Mozambique. Mutare is served by a small airport that is largely geared toward small aircraft and chartered flights. The nearest international gateway is in, Harare some 214 km (133 mi) west. there is the Aerodrome close to sakubva and the Grand Reef Airport in Irene just a short distance outside the city. The National Railways of Zimbabwe serves Mutare with overnight train service from Harare three times a week, leaving Harare at 9:30PM on Wednesdays, Fridays and Sundays, arriving early the next morning at dawn. There are no cross border rail services from Mozambique, which are limited to freight. The Mutare railway station is just southwest of the city centre.