Авиация 1930 года: События и Вехи

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This is a list of aviation related events from 1930:

The Surrey Aero Club inaugurates recreational flights from Gatwick Race Course (now London Gatwick Airport). The German airship LZ 127 Graf Zeppelin makes its first crossing of the South Atlantic. The Aeromarine Klemm Corporation, formerly the Aeromarine Plane and Motor Company, goes out of business, although the Uppercu Burnelli Corporation takes over production of Aeromarine aircraft engines. French test pilot Roger Baptiste achieves a speed of at an altitude of in the Bernard 20 monoplane fighter prototype. Nineteen year old Rex Finney of Los Angeles, California, uses the first successful wingsuit, employing it to increase horizontal movement and maneuverability during a parachute jump. During the year, the percentage of United States Navy enlisted personnel with an aviation related rating rises to 9 percent. Autumn 1930 – The Royal Air Force rededicates No. 443 Flight of the Fleet Air Arm as the first British catapult flight of aircraft assigned to operate from battleship and cruiser catapults.

January 2 – Leroy Grumman, Leon Swirbul, and William Schwender found the Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation at Baldwin on Long Island, New York. January 16 – On speed trials, the British airship R100 reaches , making her the fastest airship in the world. January 17 – Record setting aviator Frank Hawks attempts to take off in the Lockheed Air Express Texaco Five (registration NR7955) from a soggy field in West Palm Beach, Florida, but the plane is destroyed in a spectacular crash into a row of three parked aircraft. Hawks is unharmed. January 19 – Trying to return to Tijuana, Mexico, after taking off in poor weather for a scheduled passenger flight to Los Angeles, California, Maddux Airlines Flight 7 – the Ford 5 AT C Tri Motor NC9689 – crashes in Oceanside, California, and catches fire, killing all 16 people on board. It is the deadliest aviation accident in American history at the time. January 25 – American Airways is formed.

At the Philadelphia Navy Yard in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the United States Navy tests a Ford 5 AT 74 Trimotor equipped with 30 foot (9.1 meter) floats during the month for use as a torpedo bomber, but does not pursue the concept further. February 10 – The Air Union Farman F.63bis Goliath F FHMY suffers a tailplane structural failure during a flight from Paris Le Bourget Airport outside Paris to Croydon Airport in London with six people on board. The pilot tries to land at the Pagehurst Emergency Landing Ground in Marden, Kent, England, but the plane stalls and crashes at Marden. Two passengers die, and the other two passengers and both crew members suffer injuries. February 15 – The Italian air power theorist Giulio Douhet dies at the age of 60. February 17 – A fire destroys the workshops of the Société d'Aviation Letord at Meudon, France, as well as aircraft, including the first Couzinet 20 and the Couzinet 27 Arc en ciel II. February 24 – Rancho Boyeros Airport – the future José Martí International Airport – opens at Havana, Cuba.

The Government of Chile creates the Directorate General of Civil Aviation as Chile′s national civil aviation authority. March 21 – The Chilean army and navy air arms are combined to form the Chilean Air Force. March 28 – The Imperial Ethiopian Air Force flies its first mission, when three of its biplanes drop propaganda leaflets over the army of the rebel Gugsa Welle as it advances across Ethiopia's Begemder province. The leaflets prompt some members of his army to desert. March 30 – Towed by a Waco ASO biplane, the glider Texaco Eaglet, piloted by Frank Hawks, takes off from San Diego, California, to make a multi day flight across the continental United States to New York City. March 31 – The three Imperial Ethiopian Air Force biplanes reappear over Gugsa Welle's army and bomb it at the beginning of the Battle of Anchem in the first combat mission in the air force's history. The bombing proves decisive, as it prompts so many members of Gugsa Welle's army to desert that it is badly outnumbered by the time ground combat begins between it and Imperial forces at Debre Zebit, when many more of its members desert, resulting in its defeat and Gugsa Welle's death.

July 12 – Flying a Waco JYM biplane to Chicago, Illinois, Northwest Airways pilot Mal Freeburg sees that the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad trestle near Trevino, Wisconsin, is on fire shortly after he flies over a Burlington Blackhawk express passenger train headed for the trestle. He flies at low level back up the tracks and makes three low passes to warn the train, flashing his landing lights and dropping landing flares. The train stops only short of the burning trestle. July 16 August 8 – The second International Tourist Aircraft Contest Challenge 1930 in Berlin, won by the German crew of Fritz Morzik on the BFW M.23 plane. July 19 – Record holding aviator Frank Goldsborough dies in a crash in Vermont on his 20th birthday. July 20 August 1 – A race over Europe takes place as part of the Challenge 1930 contest. July 23 – Aviation pioneer Glenn Curtiss dies, aged 52. July 29 – The British airship R100 sets out on a test flight from the United Kingdom to Montreal, Quebec, Canada, and back. She will arrive at Montreal 78 hours later, remain there for 12 days, then begin the return trip to the United Kingdom on August 13, arriving in London on August 16 after a flight of 57½ hours.

August 3 The Imperial Japanese Navy practices dive bombing for the first time, using fighters to sink the retired protected cruiser Akashi with practice bombs in Tokyo Bay. August 8 End of the Challenge 1930 contest, won by Fritz Morzik. August 13 – Flying the Travel Air Type R Mystery Ship Texaco 13, Frank Hawks sets a new west to east transcontinental airspeed record for a flight across the continental United States, completing the flight in 12 hours 25 minutes 3 seconds. At the time, it is the fastest crossing of the United States ever made. August 22 – Attempting to avoid a thunderstorm in poor weather on a domestic passenger flight in Czechoslovakia from Kbely Airport in Bratislava to Brno, the Czechoslovak State Airlines Ford 5 AT C Tri Motor OK FOR banks sharply to avoid a 35 meter tall (115 foot tall) smokestack, strikes the ground, and crashes at Jihlava, killing 12 of the 13 people aboard. August 23 The Ford National Reliability Air Tour starts in Chicago. August 25 Eddie August Schneider sets the junior transcontinental air speed record. He flies from Westfield, New Jersey.

September 1–2 – Flying the Breguet 19 Super Bidon "?" from Paris to New York City, French aviators Dieudonné Costes and Maurice Bellonte make the first nonstop westbound heavier than air flight across the North Atlantic Ocean between the European and North American mainlands, covering either , according to different sources, in 37 hours 18 minutes. September 3 – The Ford National Reliability Air Tour finishes in Chicago. Harry Russell takes first place, and Eddie August Schneider finishes in eight place, but wins the Great Lakes Trophy.

October 1 – Western Air Express and Transcontinental Air Transport merge to form Transcontinental and Western Air, Inc., which in 1950 will be renamed Trans World Airlines. October 5 – The British dirigible R101, at the time the world's largest airship, crashes in France while on a flight from Cardington, Bedfordshire, England, to Karachi in British India. Forty eight of the 54 people on board are killed, including Royal Air Force Air Vice Marshal Sir Sefton Brancker; the Irish aviator and athlete Herbert Carmichael Irwin, who was the captain of R101; the noted British airship pilot and engineer George Herbert Scott; and British Secretary of State for Air Christopher Thomson, 1st Baron Thomson. October 7 – Upon the completion of the final game of the 1930 World Series in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Frank Hawks flies photographs of the game to North Beach Airport in Queens, New York, in the Travel Air Type R Mystery Ship Texaco 13, delivering them only 20 minutes after the end of the game and faster than wire services, demonstrating that fast air courier services are feasible. October 9–10 – First flight by a Canadian, pilot Capt. J. Erroll Boyd (1891 1960), from North America (Harbour Grace, NL) to England, in the Wright Bellanca WB 2 Maple Leaf (aka, Columbia), navigated by the American, Lieut. Harry Connor. This flight was also notable for transporting mail bearing a surcharged stamp as a commemorative overprint. October 25 – Transcontinental and Western Air begins the first all air coast to coast passenger service in the United States with regular passenger flights between New York, New York, and Los Angeles, California. The trip takes 30 hours and includes an overnight stop in Kansas City, Missouri.

November 3 – Brothers Thomas Elmer Braniff and Paul Revere Braniff found their second airline, Braniff Airways, Inc. It eventually will become Braniff International Airways. November 13 – Braniff Airways begins operations, using Lockheed Vega aircraft to offer service between Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Tulsa, Oklahoma; and Wichita Falls, Texas. November 21 – The Dornier Do R4 Superwal flying boat airliner I RONY, operating on a passenger flight for the Italian airline Società Anonima Navigazione Aerea (SANA), disappears over the Mediterranean Sea during a flight from Barcelona, Spain, to Marseilles, France, with the loss of all six people on board. November 24 – The Ford Motor Company Ford 5 AT C Trimotor NX419H crashes on landing at Ford Airport in Dearborn, Michigan, killing both people on board.

December 3 – A commercial airline flight arrives in Jamaica for the first time when a Pan American Airways Consolidated Commodore flying boat lands in the harbor at Kingston. December 17 – The Junkers W 34 Bolivar makes the first international flight from Venezuela to Colombia to commemorate the centennial of the death of Simón Bolívar.

Levasseur PL.7 with French Naval Aviation aboard the aircraft carrier Béarn

November 9 – Ford RR 4, a version of the Ford Trimotor, with the U. S. Navy.