Темиско: История, культура и современность города в Морелосе

City in Morelos, Mexico
Temixco is from Cuernavaca and from Mexico City.

The area around Xochicalco (In the place of the House of Flowers) was settled in about 200 BCE, although the city reached its apex between AD 650 and 900. Xochicalco was mentioned by Fray Bernardino de Sahagún in the 16th century, and it may have been settled by refugees from Teotihuacan. The city traded with populations in Oaxaca, the Yucatán Peninsula, and the Gulf of Mexico. According to petrographs found in the Templo de las Serpientes Emplumadas, (Temple of the Feathered Serpents) Xochicalco hosted a meeting with representatives from the Maya area, the Gulf Coast, and Oaxaca to adjust the calendar during a solar eclipse while Xochicalco was at its splendor.

After the Spanish conquest of 1521, Hernán Cortés was granted the title Marqués del Valle de Oaxaca including almost all of modern Morelos. The villages of Temixco were Acatlipa, San Agustín Tetlama, and San Sebastián Cuentepec. The Municipality of Temixco was created on March 5, 1933, including the towns of Tetlama, Cuentepec, Acatlipa, and Temixco. The Japanese had moved in by 1943. A school for Japanese students was established in Temixco to serve those on the hacienda. Eventually, Mexican parents began asking for their children to attend the Temixco Japanese school. The Hacienda of Temixco continued to cultivate sugar cane until 1968 when it became a water park. Today it includes swimming pools, a wave pool, a river, and athletic fields. Temixco was elevated to the status of ciudad (city) on March 7, 1990.

Construction on a bridge to connect Mexican Federal Highway 95D in Apatlaco, Ayala and the Cuernavaca Airport in Temixco was begun in 2012 and the project ended in November 2012. As of this writing (April 2019), the bridge is incomplete and there is no connection to Temixco. Temixco has been plagued by violence during much of the 21st century. Mayor Gisela Mota Ocampo was shot outside her home on January 2, 2016. She died a few months later and was replaced by Irma Camacho García from 2016 to 2018. Camacho García had a tumultuous rule, becoming ill and dying six months later from cardiorespiratory arrest in July 2017. Then, a battle between rival drug gangs on November 30, 2017, left six dead, including a baby. In 2020, Gambia Lozano, who worked for the presidency of Enrique Peña Nieto, and four members of his family were murdered by the Colombian drug cartel El Señorón in May 2020. Jazmin Juana Solano Lopez of Juntos Haremos Historia (Together we will make history coalition) was elected Presidente Municipal (municipal president) in the 2018 Mexican general election. The Canadian firm Alamos Gold proposed an open pit gold mine in Tetlama in 2020. Morelos had its first case of infection during the COVID 19 pandemic in Mexico in mid March, about the same time that Mexico entered Phase 2 of the pandemic and schools were closed. The National Guard was called for its help in closing swimming pools in condominiums. Three hundred eighty three cases were reported on December 27, 2020. After health workers were vaccinated, on February 17 Temixco became the first municipality in Morelos to vaccinate senior citizens (60+) with 15,170 doses of AstraZeneca vaccine.

There are 36 communities in the municipality of Temixco and a population of 108,126; 92.6% urban and 7.4% rural. The population density is 1,052.1 persons/km2

Temixco is the capital of the municipality. It is located at at a height of 1,290 meters (4,232 feet). It has a population of 89,915 including 36,185 minors and 7,613 adults over 60. 1,189 people live in Indigenous homes and 530 people speak an Indigenous language. 31,651 people have Social Security. There are 22,089 homes; 1,413 have a dirt floor; 2,242 consist of a single room; 20,744 have water and sewage; 21,011 have electricity; 2,560 have a computer, and 20,338 have television. The average education level is 8 years. Temixco is 14 kilometers (8.7 miles) from Cuernavaca and 101 km (62.8 miles) from Mexico City. Cuentepec is located at , 1,390 meters (4,560 feet) above sea level. It has a population of 3,549, of whom 3,514 speak an Indigenous language. It is 33 km (20.5 miles) from the municipal capital and three km (two miles) from the archaeological zone of Xochicalco. The adventure park Cuentepec Extremo is found within the community. San Agustín Tetlama is located at , 1,285 meters (4216 feet) above sea level. It has a population of 1,388. Campo Sotelo is located at and is located at 1,230 meters (4,035 feet) above sea level. It has a population of 560 people. It is located 2.7 km (1.7 miles) from the City of Temixco. Solidaridad is located at and is located at 1,320 meters (4,331 feet) above sea level. It has a population of 501 people. It is located 7 km (4.3 miles) from the City of Temixco. Acatlipa (from Nahuatl, meaning Sanctuary of the god of wind) is south of the city of Temixco bordering Xochitepec. It consists of fifteen neighborhoods and includes the "Ojo de Agua" water park. Its three most important festivals are April 2 (the town anniversary), November 30 (San Andrés Apostol), and January 20 (Immaculate Conception).

Agriculture accounts for about one third of the employment in the municipality, although there is little land available for it. The major agricultural communities are Temixco, Acatlipa, Cuentepec, Tetlama, and Pueblo Viejo. The principal crops are corn, beans, sorghum, and peanuts. Flowers, particularly roses, also make up an important crop, with a value of MXN $23,000,000 in 2010. Ranching is of minor importance, with pigs and chickens being the most important. There are movie theaters in Temixco and Acatlipa. Cuentepec Extremo is an adventure park in Cuentepec. The main attraction is a cave that offers four rappel lines that lead to the Tembembe River. The park offers eight zip lines, camping, and hiking, and there are prehistoric cave paintings.

Ex Hacienda de Temixco is located in the center of the city. Located on the grounds of a 16th century sugar cane hacienda, the park has 20 pools, a wave pool, a wild river, four water slides, restaurants, picnic area, soccer field, and parking area. Parque Acuático Ojo de Agua in Acatlipa has an Olympic pool, water slide, picnic area, hanging bridge, and mini zoo.

There are a variety of stores with clothing, shoes, construction materials, food and groceries, and hardware in the larger communities. There is a supermarket owned by a major chain in Temixco. and Mi Bus. Taxis and shared ride services (Uber) also serve the community.

Mexican Federal Highway 95D, also called Autopista del Sol crosses the municipality from north to south (Mexico City — Cuernavaca — Xochitepec — Acapulco) with several exits in Temixco. There is also bridge from 95D at Apatlaco that leads nowhere. Mexican Federal Highway 95 parallels 95D but passes through the center of Temixco and Acatlipa. State highways connect Temixco — Emiliano Zapata and Acatlipa — Tezoyuca, (Emiliano Zapata municipality). There are local highways connecting other communities, the Xochicalco archaeological site, and the Cuernavaca Airport.

The Cuernavaca Airport is located in Tetlama. The airport opened on April 15, 1988; due to its short runway of only , it has offered on again / off again service since then. The airport currently hosts a school of aviation and there are plans to extend the runway and open the airport to commercial traffic soon (written April 13, 2019).