Введение
Конкурсное мероприятие
Original Oratory (often shortened to "OO") is a competitive event in the National Speech and Debate Association, Stoa USA, National Catholic Forensic League, and other high school forensic competitions in which competitors deliver an original, factual speech on a subject of their choosing. Though the rules for the category change from organization to organization, a speech must generally be written and memorized by the performer and should be no more than ten minutes in length, and at most only 150 words can be quoted. The finished speech must be approved by the National Speech and Debate Association. This speech is frequently highly persuasive and is normally about a slightly controversial topic. An orator is given free choice of subject and judged solely on the effectiveness of development and presentation. Oratory topics are usually related to current problems in the world, and are delivered in a persuasive way as to motivate the audience to make a choice. However, this may not always be the case. Some speeches may alert the audience of an imminent threat or inspire them to act now to initiate change. According to the National Speech and Debate Association, the competitor is judged on:
the degree to which the inspiration or purpose of the speech elicits a reaction from the audience. gestures performed by the speaker to help the audience visualize ideas better. evidence which supports the speaker's assertions. the veracity of the speech.
Оригинальное ораторское искусство (часто сокращаемое до "OO") – это соревновательное мероприятие в Национальной ассоциации дебатов и риторики, Stoa USA, Национальной католической лиге дебатов и других школьных соревнованиях по риторике, в котором участники произносят оригинальную, основанную на фактах речь на выбранную ими тему. Хотя правила для этой категории различаются в зависимости от организации, речь, как правило, должна быть написана и выучена наизусть исполнителем, длиться не более десяти минут, и цитаты не должны превышать 150 слов. Завершённая речь должна быть одобрена Национальной ассоциацией дебатов и риторики. Эта речь часто отличается высокой убедительностью и обычно посвящена несколько спорной теме. Оратор имеет полный выбор темы и оценивается исключительно по эффективности разработки и подачи материала. Темы для ораторского искусства обычно связаны с актуальными мировыми проблемами и представляются в убедительной форме, чтобы побудить аудиторию к определённому выбору. Однако это не всегда так: некоторые выступления могут предупредить аудиторию о надвигающейся угрозе или вдохновить на немедленные действия для осуществления перемен. Согласно Национальной ассоциации дебатов и риторики, участник оценивается по следующим критериям:
Original Oratory (often shortened to "OO") is a competitive event in the National Speech and Debate Association, Stoa USA, National Catholic Forensic League, and other high school forensic competitions in which competitors deliver an original, factual speech on a subject of their choosing. Though the rules for the category change from organization to organization, a speech must generally be written and memorized by the performer and should be no more than ten minutes in length, and at most only 150 words can be quoted. The finished speech must be approved by the National Speech and Debate Association. This speech is frequently highly persuasive and is normally about a slightly controversial topic. An orator is given free choice of subject and judged solely on the effectiveness of development and presentation. Oratory topics are usually related to current problems in the world, and are delivered in a persuasive way as to motivate the audience to make a choice. However, this may not always be the case. Some speeches may alert the audience of an imminent threat or inspire them to act now to initiate change. According to the National Speech and Debate Association, the competitor is judged on:
the degree to which the inspiration or purpose of the speech elicits a reaction from the audience. gestures performed by the speaker to help the audience visualize ideas better. evidence which supports the speaker's assertions. the veracity of the speech.
степень, в которой вдохновение или цель речи вызывает реакцию у аудитории;
жесты, используемые оратором для лучшей визуализации идей аудиторией;
доказательства, подтверждающие утверждения оратора;
достоверность речи.
Original Oratory (often shortened to "OO") is a competitive event in the National Speech and Debate Association, Stoa USA, National Catholic Forensic League, and other high school forensic competitions in which competitors deliver an original, factual speech on a subject of their choosing. Though the rules for the category change from organization to organization, a speech must generally be written and memorized by the performer and should be no more than ten minutes in length, and at most only 150 words can be quoted. The finished speech must be approved by the National Speech and Debate Association. This speech is frequently highly persuasive and is normally about a slightly controversial topic. An orator is given free choice of subject and judged solely on the effectiveness of development and presentation. Oratory topics are usually related to current problems in the world, and are delivered in a persuasive way as to motivate the audience to make a choice. However, this may not always be the case. Some speeches may alert the audience of an imminent threat or inspire them to act now to initiate change. According to the National Speech and Debate Association, the competitor is judged on:
the degree to which the inspiration or purpose of the speech elicits a reaction from the audience. gestures performed by the speaker to help the audience visualize ideas better. evidence which supports the speaker's assertions. the veracity of the speech.
Судьи
Судьями обычно выступают участники соревнований по ораторскому искусству, тренеры, спонсоры, родители или друзья организаторов турнира. Тренерам запрещено судить выступления учеников своей школы, а выпускникам необходимо выждать два года, прежде чем им разрешат судить школу, которую они окончили. В некоторых штатах и лигах выпускникам не разрешается судить школу, которую они окончили, в течение до четырех лет, чтобы избежать предвзятости по отношению к бывшим товарищам по команде.