Marathon Petroleum Corporation: История и Деятельность

American petroleum refining, marketing, and transportation company

Marathon Petroleum Corporation is an American petroleum refining, marketing, and transportation company headquartered in Findlay, Ohio. The company was a wholly owned subsidiary of Marathon Oil until a corporate spin off in 2011.

Marathon Petroleum traces its origin from a number of small oil companies in Ohio that banded together in 1887. These formed The Ohio Oil Company established in Lima, Ohio. It became the largest oil producer in the state. By 1889, the company was acquired by the Standard Oil Trust and six years later its headquarters was moved to Findlay. In 1906, the company built its first oil pipeline, which connected its facilities in Martinsville, Illinois and Preble, Indiana. After the U. S. Supreme Court ordered its parent company to break up as a result of the Sherman Anti Trust Act in 1911, Ohio Oil again became independent. Marathon Petroleum ranked No. 41 on the 2018 Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations by total revenue. In the 2020 Forbes Global 2000, Marathon Petroleum was ranked as the 197th largest public company in the world. Marathon Petroleum's marketing system includes branded locations across the United States, including Marathon and ARCO branded outlets. MPC also owns the general partner and majority limited partner interest in MPLX LP, a midstream company which owns and operates gathering, processing, and fractionation assets, as well as crude oil and light product transportation and logistics infrastructure.

The Speedway LLC retail chain included approximately 4,000 retail outlets, and was the second largest chain of company owned and operated retail gasoline and convenience stores in the United States. Seven & i Holdings Co., Ltd., parent company of 7 Eleven, acquired the chain in 2020 and the sale was completed on May 14, 2021. Marathon closed the 26,000 bpcd Gallup Refinery in 2020. to a renewable fuels manufacturing facility with a capacity of 730 million gallons per year (47,500 bpcd). The merger brought together several descendants of the Standard Oil trust, as Ashland had acquired several smaller Standard spinoffs while Marathon itself was directly owned by Standard Oil. It also brought Marathon's Speedway and Ashland's SuperAmerica convenience store chains together and were subsequently merged as "Speedway SuperAmerica". As longtime Marathon rivals Standard Oil of Ohio and Amoco were acquired by British company BP, Marathon Ashland adopted the marketing slogan "An American Company Serving America", with the slogan being adjourned to Marathon gas pumps. In 2006, it adopted its current slogan, "Fueling the American Spirit" as the company shifts emphasis on work ethic and the contributions of its employees. In 2005, the company became a 100% owned subsidiary of Marathon Oil, after Ashland sold off its downstream assets and exited the retail business. In 2006, Marathon began using STP branded additives in its fuel. In 2009, the company completed a $3.9 billion expansion of its refinery in Garyville, Louisiana, that increased the plant's capacity by 180,000 barrels per day.

On June 30, 2011, Marathon Oil distributed all of its shares in the company to its shareholders via a corporate spin off. In 2013, Marathon purchased numerous assets from BP including a 451,000 barrel per calendar day refinery in Texas City, Texas, four light product distribution terminals, and retail marketing contracts for 1,200 retail stations throughout the southeastern United States. In 2014, Speedway LLC, a now former subsidiary of the company, purchased the retail operations of Hess Corporation for $2.82 billion. The deal also introduced the Marathon brand name at stations for the first time in the Northeastern United States east of the Appalachian Mountains and north of Pennsylvania. Prior to the deal, Marathon's traditional marketing territory for decades had been the Midwestern and Southeastern United States, never going further east than the Pittsburgh metropolitan area.

In 2016, a fire at the Galveston Bay refinery in Texas City, Texas, injured three contract workers, resulting in a lawsuit seeking $1 million in damages. Multiple lawsuits were filed resulting in Marathon paying $86 million to settle.