Введение
Международная компания по производству аппаратного и программного обеспечения American Megatrends International, LLC, ведущая деятельность под названием AMI, является международной компанией, специализирующейся на аппаратном обеспечении и прошивке для ПК. Компания была основана в 1985 году Патом Сармой и Субрамонианом Шанкаром. Ее штаб-квартира расположена в здании 800 по адресу 3095 Satellite Boulevard, в неинкорпорированном округе Гвиннетт, штат Джорджия, США, недалеко от города Дулут и в районе Большого Атланты. Компания начала свою деятельность как производитель полноценных материнских плат, ориентируясь на высококлассный сегмент. Первым клиентом компании была PCs Limited.
American Megatrends International, LLC, doing business as AMI, is an international hardware and software company, specializing in PC hardware and firmware. The company was founded in 1985 by Pat Sarma and Subramonian Shankar. It is headquartered in Building 800 at 3095 Satellite Boulevard in unincorporated Gwinnett County, Georgia, United States, near the city of Duluth, and in the Atlanta metropolitan area. The company started as a manufacturer of complete motherboards, positioning itself in the high end segment. Its first customer was PCs Limited,
As hardware activity moved progressively to Taiwan based original design manufacturers, AMI continued to develop BIOS firmware for major motherboard manufacturers. The company produced BIOS software for motherboards (1986), server motherboards (1992), storage controllers (1995) and remote management cards (1998). with only one employee from the RAID division remaining with the AMI core team. AMI continued to focus on OEM and ODM business and technology. (a BIOS), Aptio (a successor to AMIBIOS8 based on the UEFI standard), diagnostic software, AMI EC (embedded controller firmware), MG Series SGPIO backplane controllers (for SATA, SAS and NVMe storage devices), driver/firmware development, and MegaRAC (BMC firmware).]] American Megatrends Inc. (AMI) was founded in 1985 by Subramonian Shankar and Pat Sarma with funds from a previous consulting venture, Access Methods Inc. (also AMI). By this time the AMIBIOS had become established and there was a need to keep the initials AMI. The partners renamed QCI as American Megatrends Inc., with the same initials as Access Methods Inc.; the renamed company then purchased AMIBIOS from Access Methods. Shankar became the president and Sarma the executive vice president of this company. The AMIDiag Suite was introduced in 1991 and made available for MS DOS, Microsoft Windows and Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) platforms. ! Number of beeps ! ! Meaning
|
| 1 || Power on self test successful
|
| 2 || Parity error in the first 64 KB of RAM
|
| 3 || Memory failure in the first 64 KB of RAM
|
| 4 || Same as 3, but also including a non functional timer 1
|
| 5 || CPU error
|
| 6 || Error in the A20 line on the 8042 keyboard controller chip
|
| 7 || Generation of a CPU virtual mode exception signifying an error
|
| 8 || Read/write error when accessing system video RAM
|
| 9 || Mismatch between the calculated checksum of the ROM firmware and the expected value hardcoded into the firmware. |
| 10 || Read/write error for the CMOS NVRAM shutdown register
|
| 11 || A fault in the L2 cache
|}
AMIBIOS (also written as AMI BIOS) is the IBM PC compatible BIOS that was formerly developed and sold by American Megatrends since 1986. It is used on motherboards made by AMI and by other companies. During powerup, the BIOS firmware displays an ID string in the lower left hand corner of the screen. This ID string comprises various pieces of information about the firmware, including when it was compiled, what configuration options were selected, the OEM license code, and the targeted chipset and motherboard. By pressing the Delete key during power on self test when a prompt is displayed, the BIOS setup utility program is invoked.
По мере того как производство аппаратного обеспечения постепенно перемещалось на тайваньских производителей оригинального дизайна (ODM), AMI продолжила разрабатывать прошивку BIOS для ведущих производителей материнских плат. Компания выпускала программное обеспечение BIOS для материнских плат (1986), серверных материнских плат (1992), контроллеров хранения (1995) и карт удаленного управления (1998), сохранив лишь одного сотрудника из отдела RAID в основной команде AMI. AMI продолжала фокусироваться на OEM- и ODM-бизнесе и технологиях, включая (BIOS), Aptio (преемник AMIBIOS8, основанный на стандарте UEFI), диагностическое программное обеспечение, AMI EC (прошивка встроенного контроллера), контроллеры бэкплейна MG Series SGPIO (для накопителей SATA, SAS и NVMe), разработку драйверов/прошивок и MegaRAC (прошивка BMC). American Megatrends Inc. (AMI) была основана в 1985 году Субрамонианом Шанкаром и Патом Сармой на средства, полученные от предыдущего консалтингового проекта Access Methods Inc. (также AMI). К тому времени AMIBIOS уже зарекомендовал себя, и возникла необходимость сохранить аббревиатуру AMI. Партнеры переименовали QCI в American Megatrends Inc., сохранив те же инициалы, что и у Access Methods Inc., а затем переименованная компания приобрела AMIBIOS у Access Methods. Шанкар стал президентом, а Сарма – исполнительным вице-президентом этой компании. Пакет AMIDiag Suite был представлен в 1991 году и стал доступен для платформ MS DOS, Microsoft Windows и Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI).
American Megatrends International, LLC, doing business as AMI, is an international hardware and software company, specializing in PC hardware and firmware. The company was founded in 1985 by Pat Sarma and Subramonian Shankar. It is headquartered in Building 800 at 3095 Satellite Boulevard in unincorporated Gwinnett County, Georgia, United States, near the city of Duluth, and in the Atlanta metropolitan area. The company started as a manufacturer of complete motherboards, positioning itself in the high end segment. Its first customer was PCs Limited,
As hardware activity moved progressively to Taiwan based original design manufacturers, AMI continued to develop BIOS firmware for major motherboard manufacturers. The company produced BIOS software for motherboards (1986), server motherboards (1992), storage controllers (1995) and remote management cards (1998). with only one employee from the RAID division remaining with the AMI core team. AMI continued to focus on OEM and ODM business and technology. (a BIOS), Aptio (a successor to AMIBIOS8 based on the UEFI standard), diagnostic software, AMI EC (embedded controller firmware), MG Series SGPIO backplane controllers (for SATA, SAS and NVMe storage devices), driver/firmware development, and MegaRAC (BMC firmware).]] American Megatrends Inc. (AMI) was founded in 1985 by Subramonian Shankar and Pat Sarma with funds from a previous consulting venture, Access Methods Inc. (also AMI). By this time the AMIBIOS had become established and there was a need to keep the initials AMI. The partners renamed QCI as American Megatrends Inc., with the same initials as Access Methods Inc.; the renamed company then purchased AMIBIOS from Access Methods. Shankar became the president and Sarma the executive vice president of this company. The AMIDiag Suite was introduced in 1991 and made available for MS DOS, Microsoft Windows and Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) platforms. ! Number of beeps ! ! Meaning
|
| 1 || Power on self test successful
|
| 2 || Parity error in the first 64 KB of RAM
|
| 3 || Memory failure in the first 64 KB of RAM
|
| 4 || Same as 3, but also including a non functional timer 1
|
| 5 || CPU error
|
| 6 || Error in the A20 line on the 8042 keyboard controller chip
|
| 7 || Generation of a CPU virtual mode exception signifying an error
|
| 8 || Read/write error when accessing system video RAM
|
| 9 || Mismatch between the calculated checksum of the ROM firmware and the expected value hardcoded into the firmware. |
| 10 || Read/write error for the CMOS NVRAM shutdown register
|
| 11 || A fault in the L2 cache
|}
AMIBIOS (also written as AMI BIOS) is the IBM PC compatible BIOS that was formerly developed and sold by American Megatrends since 1986. It is used on motherboards made by AMI and by other companies. During powerup, the BIOS firmware displays an ID string in the lower left hand corner of the screen. This ID string comprises various pieces of information about the firmware, including when it was compiled, what configuration options were selected, the OEM license code, and the targeted chipset and motherboard. By pressing the Delete key during power on self test when a prompt is displayed, the BIOS setup utility program is invoked.
Количество сигналов – Значение:
American Megatrends International, LLC, doing business as AMI, is an international hardware and software company, specializing in PC hardware and firmware. The company was founded in 1985 by Pat Sarma and Subramonian Shankar. It is headquartered in Building 800 at 3095 Satellite Boulevard in unincorporated Gwinnett County, Georgia, United States, near the city of Duluth, and in the Atlanta metropolitan area. The company started as a manufacturer of complete motherboards, positioning itself in the high end segment. Its first customer was PCs Limited,
As hardware activity moved progressively to Taiwan based original design manufacturers, AMI continued to develop BIOS firmware for major motherboard manufacturers. The company produced BIOS software for motherboards (1986), server motherboards (1992), storage controllers (1995) and remote management cards (1998). with only one employee from the RAID division remaining with the AMI core team. AMI continued to focus on OEM and ODM business and technology. (a BIOS), Aptio (a successor to AMIBIOS8 based on the UEFI standard), diagnostic software, AMI EC (embedded controller firmware), MG Series SGPIO backplane controllers (for SATA, SAS and NVMe storage devices), driver/firmware development, and MegaRAC (BMC firmware).]] American Megatrends Inc. (AMI) was founded in 1985 by Subramonian Shankar and Pat Sarma with funds from a previous consulting venture, Access Methods Inc. (also AMI). By this time the AMIBIOS had become established and there was a need to keep the initials AMI. The partners renamed QCI as American Megatrends Inc., with the same initials as Access Methods Inc.; the renamed company then purchased AMIBIOS from Access Methods. Shankar became the president and Sarma the executive vice president of this company. The AMIDiag Suite was introduced in 1991 and made available for MS DOS, Microsoft Windows and Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) platforms. ! Number of beeps ! ! Meaning
|
| 1 || Power on self test successful
|
| 2 || Parity error in the first 64 KB of RAM
|
| 3 || Memory failure in the first 64 KB of RAM
|
| 4 || Same as 3, but also including a non functional timer 1
|
| 5 || CPU error
|
| 6 || Error in the A20 line on the 8042 keyboard controller chip
|
| 7 || Generation of a CPU virtual mode exception signifying an error
|
| 8 || Read/write error when accessing system video RAM
|
| 9 || Mismatch between the calculated checksum of the ROM firmware and the expected value hardcoded into the firmware. |
| 10 || Read/write error for the CMOS NVRAM shutdown register
|
| 11 || A fault in the L2 cache
|}
AMIBIOS (also written as AMI BIOS) is the IBM PC compatible BIOS that was formerly developed and sold by American Megatrends since 1986. It is used on motherboards made by AMI and by other companies. During powerup, the BIOS firmware displays an ID string in the lower left hand corner of the screen. This ID string comprises various pieces of information about the firmware, including when it was compiled, what configuration options were selected, the OEM license code, and the targeted chipset and motherboard. By pressing the Delete key during power on self test when a prompt is displayed, the BIOS setup utility program is invoked.
| Количество | Значение |
|------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1 | Успешное завершение самотестирования при включении питания |
| 2 | Ошибка четности в первых 64 КБ оперативной памяти |
| 3 | Сбой памяти в первых 64 КБ оперативной памяти |
| 4 | То же, что и 3, но также включает неисправный таймер 1 |
| 5 | Ошибка процессора |
| 6 | Ошибка в линии A20 на чипе контроллера клавиатуры 8042 |
| 7 | Генерация исключения виртуального режима процессора, указывающего на ошибку |
| 8 | Ошибка чтения/записи при доступе к системной видеопамяти |
| 9 | Несоответствие между вычисленной контрольной суммой прошивки ROM и ожидаемым значением, жестко заданным в прошивке |
| 10 | Ошибка чтения/записи для регистра завершения работы CMOS NVRAM |
| 11 | Неисправность кэша L2 |
American Megatrends International, LLC, doing business as AMI, is an international hardware and software company, specializing in PC hardware and firmware. The company was founded in 1985 by Pat Sarma and Subramonian Shankar. It is headquartered in Building 800 at 3095 Satellite Boulevard in unincorporated Gwinnett County, Georgia, United States, near the city of Duluth, and in the Atlanta metropolitan area. The company started as a manufacturer of complete motherboards, positioning itself in the high end segment. Its first customer was PCs Limited,
As hardware activity moved progressively to Taiwan based original design manufacturers, AMI continued to develop BIOS firmware for major motherboard manufacturers. The company produced BIOS software for motherboards (1986), server motherboards (1992), storage controllers (1995) and remote management cards (1998). with only one employee from the RAID division remaining with the AMI core team. AMI continued to focus on OEM and ODM business and technology. (a BIOS), Aptio (a successor to AMIBIOS8 based on the UEFI standard), diagnostic software, AMI EC (embedded controller firmware), MG Series SGPIO backplane controllers (for SATA, SAS and NVMe storage devices), driver/firmware development, and MegaRAC (BMC firmware).]] American Megatrends Inc. (AMI) was founded in 1985 by Subramonian Shankar and Pat Sarma with funds from a previous consulting venture, Access Methods Inc. (also AMI). By this time the AMIBIOS had become established and there was a need to keep the initials AMI. The partners renamed QCI as American Megatrends Inc., with the same initials as Access Methods Inc.; the renamed company then purchased AMIBIOS from Access Methods. Shankar became the president and Sarma the executive vice president of this company. The AMIDiag Suite was introduced in 1991 and made available for MS DOS, Microsoft Windows and Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) platforms. ! Number of beeps ! ! Meaning
|
| 1 || Power on self test successful
|
| 2 || Parity error in the first 64 KB of RAM
|
| 3 || Memory failure in the first 64 KB of RAM
|
| 4 || Same as 3, but also including a non functional timer 1
|
| 5 || CPU error
|
| 6 || Error in the A20 line on the 8042 keyboard controller chip
|
| 7 || Generation of a CPU virtual mode exception signifying an error
|
| 8 || Read/write error when accessing system video RAM
|
| 9 || Mismatch between the calculated checksum of the ROM firmware and the expected value hardcoded into the firmware. |
| 10 || Read/write error for the CMOS NVRAM shutdown register
|
| 11 || A fault in the L2 cache
|}
AMIBIOS (also written as AMI BIOS) is the IBM PC compatible BIOS that was formerly developed and sold by American Megatrends since 1986. It is used on motherboards made by AMI and by other companies. During powerup, the BIOS firmware displays an ID string in the lower left hand corner of the screen. This ID string comprises various pieces of information about the firmware, including when it was compiled, what configuration options were selected, the OEM license code, and the targeted chipset and motherboard. By pressing the Delete key during power on self test when a prompt is displayed, the BIOS setup utility program is invoked.
AMIBIOS (также записывается как AMI BIOS) – это BIOS, совместимый с IBM PC, который ранее разрабатывался и продавался компанией American Megatrends с 1986 года. Он используется на материнских платах, произведенных AMI и другими компаниями. Во время загрузки прошивка BIOS отображает идентификационную строку в левом нижнем углу экрана. Эта строка содержит различную информацию о прошивке, включая дату компиляции, выбранные параметры конфигурации, код лицензии OEM, целевой чипсет и материнскую плату. Нажатие клавиши Delete во время самотестирования при включении, когда отображается запрос, вызывает программу настройки BIOS.
American Megatrends International, LLC, doing business as AMI, is an international hardware and software company, specializing in PC hardware and firmware. The company was founded in 1985 by Pat Sarma and Subramonian Shankar. It is headquartered in Building 800 at 3095 Satellite Boulevard in unincorporated Gwinnett County, Georgia, United States, near the city of Duluth, and in the Atlanta metropolitan area. The company started as a manufacturer of complete motherboards, positioning itself in the high end segment. Its first customer was PCs Limited,
As hardware activity moved progressively to Taiwan based original design manufacturers, AMI continued to develop BIOS firmware for major motherboard manufacturers. The company produced BIOS software for motherboards (1986), server motherboards (1992), storage controllers (1995) and remote management cards (1998). with only one employee from the RAID division remaining with the AMI core team. AMI continued to focus on OEM and ODM business and technology. (a BIOS), Aptio (a successor to AMIBIOS8 based on the UEFI standard), diagnostic software, AMI EC (embedded controller firmware), MG Series SGPIO backplane controllers (for SATA, SAS and NVMe storage devices), driver/firmware development, and MegaRAC (BMC firmware).]] American Megatrends Inc. (AMI) was founded in 1985 by Subramonian Shankar and Pat Sarma with funds from a previous consulting venture, Access Methods Inc. (also AMI). By this time the AMIBIOS had become established and there was a need to keep the initials AMI. The partners renamed QCI as American Megatrends Inc., with the same initials as Access Methods Inc.; the renamed company then purchased AMIBIOS from Access Methods. Shankar became the president and Sarma the executive vice president of this company. The AMIDiag Suite was introduced in 1991 and made available for MS DOS, Microsoft Windows and Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) platforms. ! Number of beeps ! ! Meaning
|
| 1 || Power on self test successful
|
| 2 || Parity error in the first 64 KB of RAM
|
| 3 || Memory failure in the first 64 KB of RAM
|
| 4 || Same as 3, but also including a non functional timer 1
|
| 5 || CPU error
|
| 6 || Error in the A20 line on the 8042 keyboard controller chip
|
| 7 || Generation of a CPU virtual mode exception signifying an error
|
| 8 || Read/write error when accessing system video RAM
|
| 9 || Mismatch between the calculated checksum of the ROM firmware and the expected value hardcoded into the firmware. |
| 10 || Read/write error for the CMOS NVRAM shutdown register
|
| 11 || A fault in the L2 cache
|}
AMIBIOS (also written as AMI BIOS) is the IBM PC compatible BIOS that was formerly developed and sold by American Megatrends since 1986. It is used on motherboards made by AMI and by other companies. During powerup, the BIOS firmware displays an ID string in the lower left hand corner of the screen. This ID string comprises various pieces of information about the firmware, including when it was compiled, what configuration options were selected, the OEM license code, and the targeted chipset and motherboard. By pressing the Delete key during power on self test when a prompt is displayed, the BIOS setup utility program is invoked.
Хранить тренды/управлять трендами
Семейство StorTrends включает в себя программное и аппаратное обеспечение для сетевого резервного копирования и управления хранилищами, состоящее из нескольких серверов NAS и SAN на основе iSCSI с 4, 12 или 16 дисковыми отсеками. AMI объединяет стандартное оборудование с платформой управления хранилищами StorTrends iTX.
DuOS-M
DuOS M — коммерческое программное обеспечение, разработанное компанией American Megatrends для компьютеров на базе процессоров Intel x86, использующих операционную систему Microsoft Windows, для создания среды с "двумя операционными системами", позволяющей пользователю одновременно запускать Android вместе с Microsoft Windows. Благодаря возможности одновременного запуска Windows и Android, пользователь может переключаться между этими операционными системами без необходимости двойной загрузки или приостановки работы одной из них для использования другой. DuOS M обеспечивает доступ к аппаратному обеспечению Windows, включая камеры, аудио, микрофон и датчики, такие как датчик освещенности, акселерометр, гироскоп, компас и датчики ориентации, и доступен для приобретения по полной лицензии. 7 марта 2018 года компания American Megatrends официально объявила о прекращении разработки DuOS M. Дальнейшие обновления, включая исправления ошибок и обновления безопасности, больше не выпускались.
Технические проблемы
13 ноября 1993 года некоторые ПК с прошивкой AMIBIOS начали загружаться, проигрывая мелодию "Happy Birthday". Компьютер оставался в зависшем состоянии, и песня продолжала играть, пока не была нажата клавиша, после чего загрузка возобновлялась. Проблема была вызвана трояном, не содержащим вирусов, которая была решена последующими обновлениями прошивки. Однако Томас Пабст из Tom's Hardware описал это как "большое разочарование", частично из-за проблем с распределением сигналов IRQ по всем слотам расширения PCI и ISA. В июле 2008 года разработчики Linux обнаружили проблемы с таблицами ACPI в некоторых BIOS AMIBIOS, поставляемых компаниями Foxconn, ASUS и MSI. В октябре 2021 года была выявлена ошибка, при которой некоторые контроллеры управления базовой платой (BMC) поставлялись с наклейкой лицензии/роялти, на которой название компании было написано с ошибкой как "American Megatrands".