Эрнст Хаппель Штадион: История и Современность Венского Стадиона

Stadium in Vienna

Ernst Happel Stadion , known as Praterstadion until 1992, sometimes also called Wiener Stadion, is a football stadium in Leopoldstadt, the 2nd district of Austria's capital Vienna. With 50,865 seats, it is the largest stadium in Austria. It was built between 1929 and 1931 for the second Workers' Olympiad to the design of German architect Otto Ernst Schweizer. The stadium was renamed in honour of Austrian footballer Ernst Happel following his death in 1992. The stadium hosted seven games in UEFA Euro 2008, including the final which saw Spain triumph over Germany. The stadium is owned by the City of Vienna (Municipal Department 51 – Sports of the City of Vienna). It is managed by the Wiener Stadthalle Betriebs und Veranstaltungsgesellschaft m. b. H., a subsidiary of Wien Holding. It is a UEFA Category 4 stadium, and as such, it is the home of the Austria national football team. It also hosts the Viennese clubs' matches in UEFA competitions. The stadium is served by Stadion station on the U2 metro line and 11A bus line.

The foundation stone was laid in November 1928 in honor of the 10 year celebration of the Republic of Austria. The stadium was constructed in 23 months, from 1929 to 1931. It was built according to a design by the Tübingen architect Otto Ernst Schweizer and the second Workers' Olympiad. Schweizer also designed the adjacent Stadionbad (with 400,000 sq m, Europe's largest swimming pool). According to its location in Vienna's Prater, it was initially named Prater Stadium. It was a modern stadium at the time, particularly in Europe, because of its short discharge time of only 7 to 8 minutes. Initially the stadium had a capacity of approximately 60,000 people. During the National Socialist Era following Anschluss (1938–1945), the stadium was used as a military barracks and staging area and as a temporary prison for the deportation of Jewish citizens. Between 11 and 13 September 1939, after the attack on Poland, over a thousand Polish born Viennese Jews were detained on the orders of Reinhard Heydrich. They were imprisoned beneath the grandstands in the corridors of Section B. On 30 September, 1,038 prisoners were deported to the Buchenwald concentration camp. The next day, the stadium was back to being used as a football pitch. 44 men were released in early 1940, 26 were freed in 1945, the rest were murdered in the camps. In 1988, one of the surviving victims, Fritz Klein, was awarded compensation by the Austrian government equivalent to 62,50 euros for being detained in the stadium. In 2003 a memorial plaque, commemorating these events, was unveiled in the VIP area by a private initiative. In 1944, the stadium was severely damaged during a bomb attack on the Wehrmarcht Staff offices.

After the war and the reconstruction of the stadium, it was again sporting its original use. In 1956, the stadium's capacity was expanded to 92,708 people by Theodor Schull, but in 1965 the capacity was reduced. The attendance record was 90,726 spectators set on 30 October 1960 at the football match between Spain and Austria (0–3). In the mid 1980s, the stands were covered and fully equipped with seats. At its reopening a friendly match against archrival Germany was organised. Austria won the match 4–1. After the death of former Austrian top player and coach Ernst Happel (1925–1992), the Prater Stadium was renamed after him in 1992. In 1964, 1987, 1990, and 1995, the Ernst Happel Stadium was the venue of the European Cup/UEFA Champions League final. In 1970, the stadium was the venue of the 1970 European Cup Winners' Cup Final which saw Manchester City F. C. beat Górnik Zabrze 2–1. Neil Young and a Francis Lee penalty sealed the win for City. This final was played under torrential rain in what was then an uncovered stadium. This along with the fact no Polish supporters were allowed to travel to the match restricted the attendance, which is variously reported at between 7,900 and 15,000 spectators.

The Ernst Happel Stadium is the largest football stadium in Austria. It is the home of the Austria national football team. Club football matches are generally limited to the domestic cup final and international competitions featuring one of Vienna's top clubs, FK Austria Wien and SK Rapid Wien, as their regular stadiums are too small to host UEFA Champions League and UEFA Cup matches. Vienna derby matches between FK Austria and SK Rapid have also been played in the stadium. The stadium is rated one of UEFA's Five Star Stadiums permitting it to host the UEFA Champions League final. The seating capacity was temporarily expanded to 53,008 for the UEFA Euro 2008 championship, with the final played in the stadium. The stadium also hosted 3 group games, 2 quarter final matches, a semi final and final. The attendance record of 92,706 for the match against the Soviet Union was in 1960. The capacity has since been reduced.

Other sporting events are held in the stadium, including athletics, cycling and tennis. In 1950, 35,000 watched Austrian Josef Weidinger win the European Heavyweight crown against Stefan Olek (of France), and a temporary pool in the stadium was the venue for the 1995 European LC Championships. During the 1950 and 1960s, motorcycle speedway took place at the stadium until the track was demolished. Major events included the final of the 1963 Speedway World Team Cup. On 16 July 2011, the American Football World Championship final took place where USA defeated rivals Canada with a score of 50–7 in front of 20,000 spectators. On 6 and 7 June 2014, the three games of the final stage of the 13th European Championship of American Football took place in this stadium. In the final 27,000 spectators saw Austria lose to Germany 30–27 in double overtime.

+List of concerts at Ernst Happel Stadion, showing date, artist, tour and attendanceDateArtistTourAttendance8 July 1980 Santana ——3 July 1982The Rolling StonesEuropean Tour 1982 —14 June 1983SupertrampFamous Last Tour —16 June 1987GenesisInvisible Touch Tour—1 July 1987 David BowieGlass Spider Tour —2 June 1988Michael JacksonBad World Tour 1 July 1988Pink FloydA Momentary Lapse of Reason Tour —9 September 1988Van HalenOU812 Tour —16 September 1989 The Beach Boys——14 June 1990 Tina TurnerForeign Affair: The Farewell Tour —31 July 1990The Rolling StonesUrban Jungle Tour—8 September 1990Tina TurnerForeign Affair: The Farewell Tour—24 May 1991Herbert GroenemeyerLuxus Tour—18 July 1991Simple MindsReal Life Tour—13 June 1992Elton JohnThe One Tour—3 July 1992Dire StraitsOn Every Street Tour—16 July 1992GenesisWe Can't Dance Tour—25 July 1992Bryan AdamsWaking Up the World Tour—26 August 1992Michael JacksonDangerous World Tour 29 May 1993Lenny Kravitz, Def Leppard, Robert PlantRock in Wien 1993 —30 May 1993INXS, Faith No More, Leonhard CohenRock in Wien 1993 —2 June 1993Guns N' RosesUse Your Illusion Tour —3 September 1993 Bon JoviI'll Sleep When I'm Dead Tour —5 July 1995R. E. M. Monster Tour —22 June 1996 The Kelly Family——3 July 1996 Tina TurnerWildest Dreams Tour —10 July 1996 Tina TurnerWildest Dreams Tour —13 July 1996Luciano Pavarotti ——2 July 1997Michael JacksonHIStory World Tour 16 June 1998Elton John & Billy JoelFace to Face 1998 —1 July 1998Eros Ramazzotti——1 August 2000 Tina TurnerTwenty Four Seven Tour —29 June 2001Bon JoviOne Wild Night Tour —24 May 2003Herbert GroenemeyerMensch Open Air Tour 2003 —28 May 2003Bon JoviBounce Tour —18 June 2003The Rolling StonesLicks World Tour 28 June 2003Bruce SpringsteenThe Rising Tour —4 July 2003Robbie Williams2003 Tour —13 June 2003Elton John——2 July 2005U2Vertigo Tour 55,64514 July 2006The Rolling StonesA Bigger Bang —18 August 2006Robbie WilliamsClose Encounters Tour —19 August 200627 May 2007Herbert Groenemeyer12 —24 May 2009AC/DCBlack Ice World Tour —5 July 2009Bruce SpringsteenWorking on a Dream Tour 37,79830 August 2010U2U2 360° Tour 69,25318 June 2011Herbert GroenemeyerSchiffsverkehr —22 July 2011Bon JoviBon Jovi Live 56,28011 July 2012Bruce SpringsteenWrecking Ball World Tour 50,29329 July 2012MadonnaThe MDNA Tour 33,25027 June 2013Paul McCartneyOut There Tour —23 August 2013Roger WatersThe Wall Live 36,38516 June 2014The Rolling Stones14 On Fire 57,70010 June 2015One DirectionOn the Road Again Tour 43,78830 June 2015Helene FischerFarbenspiel Live 1 July 201519 May 2016AC/DCRock or Bust World Tour 50,36411 June 2017ColdplayA Head Full of Dreams Tour 56,24610 July 2017Guns N' RosesNot in This Lifetime Tour 54,84711 July 2018Helene FischerHelene Fischer Live 2017/2018 —26 August 2017Robbie WilliamsThe Heavy Entertainment Show Tour —7 8 August 2018Ed Sheeran÷ Tour 2 June 2019Phil CollinsStill Not Dead Yet Live Tour —17 July 2019Bon JoviThis House Is Not For Sale Tour—24 July 2019P!nkBeautiful Trauma World Tour 55,87316 August 2019MetallicaWorldWired Tour 54,17622 23 August 2019RammsteinEurope Stadium Tour 2019 —31 August 2019Andreas Gabalier10 Jahre Volks Rock'n Roll 2019—19 June 2022Green Day, Fall Out Boy, WeezerHella Mega Tour —13 July 2022Guns N' RosesGuns N' Roses 2020 Tour —15 July 2022The Rolling StonesSixty 57,1411 September 2022Ed Sheeran+–=÷× Tour124,800 2 September 2022 1 July 2023 P!nk Pink Summer Carnival 2 July 2023 8 July 2023Harry StylesLove On Tour—14 July 2023Red Hot Chili PeppersGlobal Stadium Tour —18 July 2023Bruce Springsteen2023 Tour —26 July 2023RammsteinRammstein Stadium Tour27 July 2023—23 June 2024AC/DCPower Up Tour26 June 20248 August 2024Taylor SwiftThe Eras Tour —9 August 202410 August 202421 August 2024ColdplayMusic of the Spheres World Tour —22 August 202424 August 202425 August 2024