Введение
Американская светская львица (1834–1883)
американская светская львица
American socialite (1834–1883)
the American socialite
the American socialite
Клара Гамильтон Харрис (4 сентября 1834 – 23 декабря 1883) была американской светской львицей. Она и её тогдашний жених, а впоследствии муж, Генри Ратбоун, были гостями президента Авраама Линкольна в ночь его убийства в театре Форда. После покушения психическое состояние Ратбоуна ухудшилось, и в 1883 году он убил Харрис.
Clara Hamilton Harris (September 4, 1834 – December 23, 1883) was an American socialite. She and her then fiancé, and future husband, Henry Rathbone, were the guests of President Abraham Lincoln the night he was shot at Ford's Theatre. Rathbone's mental state deteriorated after the assassination, and in 1883, Harris was murdered by him.
Ранняя жизнь и семья
Харрис родился в Олбани, штат Нью-Йорк, в семье сенатора США Айры Харриса из Нью-Йорка и его первой жены Луизы Харрис (урожденной Таббс), будучи одним из четырех детей. Мать Харриса, Луиза, умерла в 1845 году. 1 августа 1848 года Айра Харрис женился на Полин Рэтбоун (урожденной Пенни). У Джареда и Полин Рэтбоун было четверо детей (двое из которых, Анна и Чарльз, умерли в младенчестве), включая сыновей Джареда-младшего и Генри Рэтбоуна. Хотя Харрис и Генри Рэтбоун росли в одном доме и были связаны родством через брак их родителей, они полюбили друг друга и позже обручились. Их помолвка была прервана началом Гражданской войны в США в 1861 году, когда Генри Рэтбоун вступил в армию Союза в том же году и получил звание майора в 1869 году, поступив на службу в 5-й пехотный полк армии США.
Harris was born in Albany, New York, one of four children of U. S. Senator Ira Harris of New York, and his first wife Louisa Harris (née Tubbs). Harris' mother Louisa died in 1845. On August 1, 1848, Ira Harris married Pauline Rathbone (née Penney), Jared and Pauline Rathbone had four children (two of whom, Anna and Charles, died in infancy) including sons, Jared Jr. and Henry Rathbone. Although Harris and Henry Rathbone were raised in the same household and were related by their parents' marriage, they fell in love and later became engaged. Their engagement was interrupted when the American Civil War broke out in 1861 and Henry Rathbone joined the Union Army that year and became major in 1869 upon joining the 5th United States Infantry.
Убийство Линкольна
14 апреля 1865 года майор Рэтбоун и его невеста Клара приняли приглашение президента Авраама Линкольна и его жены, первой леди Мэри Тодд Линкольн, посетить спектакль в театре Форда. Эта пара, давно дружившая с президентом и его супругой, была приглашена после того, как Улисс С. Грант и его жена Джулия, Томас Эккерт и ещё несколько человек отказались от приглашения миссис Линкольн на представление. Во время просмотра пьесы «Наш американский кузен» в президентской ложе театра Форда, Джон Уилкс Бут выстрелил в президента Линкольна в затылок. Когда Рэтбоун попытался задержать Бута, тот ударил его ножом и ранил. Рэтбоун потерял много крови, которая окрасила белое платье, лицо и руки Харрис, пытавшейся ему помочь. Несмотря на ранение, Рэтбоун сопроводил первую леди Мэри Линкольн в дом Петерсена, куда врачи увезли потерявшего сознание президента. Вскоре после прибытия в дом Петерсена Рэтбоун потерял сознание от потери крови. Харрис вскоре пришла в дом и держала голову Рэтбоуна на коленях, пока он приходил в себя и терял сознание. Хирург, оказывавший помощь президенту, наконец осмотрел Рэтбоуна и понял, что его рана серьёзнее, чем казалось. Бут перерезал артерию, расположенную чуть выше локтя Рэтбоуна, и ранил его почти до кости. Рэтбоуна доставили домой, а Харрис решила остаться с миссис Линкольн. Позже Харрис вспоминала:
On April 14, 1865, Major Rathbone and his fiancée Clara accepted an invitation to see a play at Ford's Theatre from President Abraham Lincoln and his wife, First Lady Mary Todd Lincoln. The couple, who had been friends with the President and his wife for some time, were invited after Ulysses S. Grant and his wife Julia, Thomas Eckert and several other people had declined Mrs. Lincoln's invitation to the play. While they watched the play Our American Cousin in the Presidential Box at Ford's Theatre that evening, John Wilkes Booth shot President Lincoln in the back of the head. When Rathbone attempted to apprehend Booth, Booth stabbed and wounded him. Rathbone lost a considerable amount of blood which stained Harris' white dress, face and hands when she attempted to aid him. Although wounded, Rathbone escorted First Lady Mary Lincoln to the Petersen House where doctors had taken the unconscious President. Shortly after arriving at the Petersen House, Rathbone passed out due to loss of blood. Harris arrived at the house soon after and held Rathbone's head in her lap while he drifted in and out of consciousness. A surgeon who had been attending the President finally examined Rathbone and realized his wound was more serious than initially thought. Booth had severed an artery located just above Rathbone's elbow and had cut him nearly to the bone. Rathbone was taken home while Harris decided to stay with Mrs. Lincoln. Harris later stated:
<blockquote>Poor Mrs. Lincoln, all through that dreadful night would look at me with horror & scream, 'oh! my husband's blood, my dear husband's blood' It was Henry's blood, not the president's, but explanations were pointless. Rathbone, who had risen to the rank of colonel, resigned from the Army in December 1870. The family settled in Washington D. C., where Rathbone's mental health deteriorated. Every year on the anniversary of Lincoln's assassination, journalists would contact the couple with questions about Lincoln's death, furthering Rathbone's feelings of guilt. Harris later wrote to a friend:
<blockquote>I understand his distress in every hotel we're in, as soon as people get wind of our presence, we feel ourselves become objects of morbid scrutiny Whenever we were in the dining room, we began to feel like zoo animals. Henry imagines that the whispering is more pointed and malicious than it can possibly be. On December 23, 1883, Henry Rathbone attacked his family in a fit of madness. He fatally shot his wife in the head and then attempted to kill the children, but a groundskeeper prevented him from doing so. Rathbone then stabbed himself five times in the chest in an attempted suicide. Blaming his crime on an intruder, Rathbone was charged with murder and declared insane by doctors. He was convicted and committed to an asylum for the criminally insane in Hildesheim, Germany, where he died on August 14, 1911. The couple's children were sent to live with their uncle, William Harris, in the United States.
<blockquote>Poor Mrs. Lincoln, all through that dreadful night would look at me with horror & scream, 'oh! my husband's blood, my dear husband's blood' It was Henry's blood, not the president's, but explanations were pointless. Rathbone, who had risen to the rank of colonel, resigned from the Army in December 1870. The family settled in Washington D. C., where Rathbone's mental health deteriorated. Every year on the anniversary of Lincoln's assassination, journalists would contact the couple with questions about Lincoln's death, furthering Rathbone's feelings of guilt. Harris later wrote to a friend:
<blockquote>I understand his distress in every hotel we're in, as soon as people get wind of our presence, we feel ourselves become objects of morbid scrutiny Whenever we were in the dining room, we began to feel like zoo animals. Henry imagines that the whispering is more pointed and malicious than it can possibly be. On December 23, 1883, Henry Rathbone attacked his family in a fit of madness. He fatally shot his wife in the head and then attempted to kill the children, but a groundskeeper prevented him from doing so. Rathbone then stabbed himself five times in the chest in an attempted suicide. Blaming his crime on an intruder, Rathbone was charged with murder and declared insane by doctors. He was convicted and committed to an asylum for the criminally insane in Hildesheim, Germany, where he died on August 14, 1911. The couple's children were sent to live with their uncle, William Harris, in the United States.
«Бедная миссис Линкольн, всю ту ужасную ночь смотрела на меня с ужасом и кричала: «О, кровь моего мужа, кровь моего дорогого мужа!» Это была кровь Генри, а не президента, но объяснения были бесполезны».
On April 14, 1865, Major Rathbone and his fiancée Clara accepted an invitation to see a play at Ford's Theatre from President Abraham Lincoln and his wife, First Lady Mary Todd Lincoln. The couple, who had been friends with the President and his wife for some time, were invited after Ulysses S. Grant and his wife Julia, Thomas Eckert and several other people had declined Mrs. Lincoln's invitation to the play. While they watched the play Our American Cousin in the Presidential Box at Ford's Theatre that evening, John Wilkes Booth shot President Lincoln in the back of the head. When Rathbone attempted to apprehend Booth, Booth stabbed and wounded him. Rathbone lost a considerable amount of blood which stained Harris' white dress, face and hands when she attempted to aid him. Although wounded, Rathbone escorted First Lady Mary Lincoln to the Petersen House where doctors had taken the unconscious President. Shortly after arriving at the Petersen House, Rathbone passed out due to loss of blood. Harris arrived at the house soon after and held Rathbone's head in her lap while he drifted in and out of consciousness. A surgeon who had been attending the President finally examined Rathbone and realized his wound was more serious than initially thought. Booth had severed an artery located just above Rathbone's elbow and had cut him nearly to the bone. Rathbone was taken home while Harris decided to stay with Mrs. Lincoln. Harris later stated:
<blockquote>Poor Mrs. Lincoln, all through that dreadful night would look at me with horror & scream, 'oh! my husband's blood, my dear husband's blood' It was Henry's blood, not the president's, but explanations were pointless. Rathbone, who had risen to the rank of colonel, resigned from the Army in December 1870. The family settled in Washington D. C., where Rathbone's mental health deteriorated. Every year on the anniversary of Lincoln's assassination, journalists would contact the couple with questions about Lincoln's death, furthering Rathbone's feelings of guilt. Harris later wrote to a friend:
<blockquote>I understand his distress in every hotel we're in, as soon as people get wind of our presence, we feel ourselves become objects of morbid scrutiny Whenever we were in the dining room, we began to feel like zoo animals. Henry imagines that the whispering is more pointed and malicious than it can possibly be. On December 23, 1883, Henry Rathbone attacked his family in a fit of madness. He fatally shot his wife in the head and then attempted to kill the children, but a groundskeeper prevented him from doing so. Rathbone then stabbed himself five times in the chest in an attempted suicide. Blaming his crime on an intruder, Rathbone was charged with murder and declared insane by doctors. He was convicted and committed to an asylum for the criminally insane in Hildesheim, Germany, where he died on August 14, 1911. The couple's children were sent to live with their uncle, William Harris, in the United States.
<blockquote>Poor Mrs. Lincoln, all through that dreadful night would look at me with horror & scream, 'oh! my husband's blood, my dear husband's blood' It was Henry's blood, not the president's, but explanations were pointless. Rathbone, who had risen to the rank of colonel, resigned from the Army in December 1870. The family settled in Washington D. C., where Rathbone's mental health deteriorated. Every year on the anniversary of Lincoln's assassination, journalists would contact the couple with questions about Lincoln's death, furthering Rathbone's feelings of guilt. Harris later wrote to a friend:
<blockquote>I understand his distress in every hotel we're in, as soon as people get wind of our presence, we feel ourselves become objects of morbid scrutiny Whenever we were in the dining room, we began to feel like zoo animals. Henry imagines that the whispering is more pointed and malicious than it can possibly be. On December 23, 1883, Henry Rathbone attacked his family in a fit of madness. He fatally shot his wife in the head and then attempted to kill the children, but a groundskeeper prevented him from doing so. Rathbone then stabbed himself five times in the chest in an attempted suicide. Blaming his crime on an intruder, Rathbone was charged with murder and declared insane by doctors. He was convicted and committed to an asylum for the criminally insane in Hildesheim, Germany, where he died on August 14, 1911. The couple's children were sent to live with their uncle, William Harris, in the United States.
Рэтбоун, дослужившийся до звания полковника, в декабре 1870 года вышел в отставку из армии. Семья поселилась в Вашингтоне, где психическое здоровье Рэтбоуна ухудшилось. Каждый год в годовщину убийства Линкольна журналисты связывались с парой, задавая вопросы о смерти президента, что усиливало чувство вины Рэтбоуна. Позже Харрис написала подруге:
On April 14, 1865, Major Rathbone and his fiancée Clara accepted an invitation to see a play at Ford's Theatre from President Abraham Lincoln and his wife, First Lady Mary Todd Lincoln. The couple, who had been friends with the President and his wife for some time, were invited after Ulysses S. Grant and his wife Julia, Thomas Eckert and several other people had declined Mrs. Lincoln's invitation to the play. While they watched the play Our American Cousin in the Presidential Box at Ford's Theatre that evening, John Wilkes Booth shot President Lincoln in the back of the head. When Rathbone attempted to apprehend Booth, Booth stabbed and wounded him. Rathbone lost a considerable amount of blood which stained Harris' white dress, face and hands when she attempted to aid him. Although wounded, Rathbone escorted First Lady Mary Lincoln to the Petersen House where doctors had taken the unconscious President. Shortly after arriving at the Petersen House, Rathbone passed out due to loss of blood. Harris arrived at the house soon after and held Rathbone's head in her lap while he drifted in and out of consciousness. A surgeon who had been attending the President finally examined Rathbone and realized his wound was more serious than initially thought. Booth had severed an artery located just above Rathbone's elbow and had cut him nearly to the bone. Rathbone was taken home while Harris decided to stay with Mrs. Lincoln. Harris later stated:
<blockquote>Poor Mrs. Lincoln, all through that dreadful night would look at me with horror & scream, 'oh! my husband's blood, my dear husband's blood' It was Henry's blood, not the president's, but explanations were pointless. Rathbone, who had risen to the rank of colonel, resigned from the Army in December 1870. The family settled in Washington D. C., where Rathbone's mental health deteriorated. Every year on the anniversary of Lincoln's assassination, journalists would contact the couple with questions about Lincoln's death, furthering Rathbone's feelings of guilt. Harris later wrote to a friend:
<blockquote>I understand his distress in every hotel we're in, as soon as people get wind of our presence, we feel ourselves become objects of morbid scrutiny Whenever we were in the dining room, we began to feel like zoo animals. Henry imagines that the whispering is more pointed and malicious than it can possibly be. On December 23, 1883, Henry Rathbone attacked his family in a fit of madness. He fatally shot his wife in the head and then attempted to kill the children, but a groundskeeper prevented him from doing so. Rathbone then stabbed himself five times in the chest in an attempted suicide. Blaming his crime on an intruder, Rathbone was charged with murder and declared insane by doctors. He was convicted and committed to an asylum for the criminally insane in Hildesheim, Germany, where he died on August 14, 1911. The couple's children were sent to live with their uncle, William Harris, in the United States.
<blockquote>Poor Mrs. Lincoln, all through that dreadful night would look at me with horror & scream, 'oh! my husband's blood, my dear husband's blood' It was Henry's blood, not the president's, but explanations were pointless. Rathbone, who had risen to the rank of colonel, resigned from the Army in December 1870. The family settled in Washington D. C., where Rathbone's mental health deteriorated. Every year on the anniversary of Lincoln's assassination, journalists would contact the couple with questions about Lincoln's death, furthering Rathbone's feelings of guilt. Harris later wrote to a friend:
<blockquote>I understand his distress in every hotel we're in, as soon as people get wind of our presence, we feel ourselves become objects of morbid scrutiny Whenever we were in the dining room, we began to feel like zoo animals. Henry imagines that the whispering is more pointed and malicious than it can possibly be. On December 23, 1883, Henry Rathbone attacked his family in a fit of madness. He fatally shot his wife in the head and then attempted to kill the children, but a groundskeeper prevented him from doing so. Rathbone then stabbed himself five times in the chest in an attempted suicide. Blaming his crime on an intruder, Rathbone was charged with murder and declared insane by doctors. He was convicted and committed to an asylum for the criminally insane in Hildesheim, Germany, where he died on August 14, 1911. The couple's children were sent to live with their uncle, William Harris, in the United States.
«Я понимаю его страдания. В каждом отеле, где бы мы ни находились, как только люди узнают о нашем присутствии, мы чувствуем себя объектами болезненного внимания. Всякий раз, когда мы оказывались в столовой, начинали чувствовать себя животными в зоопарке. Генри считает, что шепот более колкий и злобный, чем он есть на самом деле».
On April 14, 1865, Major Rathbone and his fiancée Clara accepted an invitation to see a play at Ford's Theatre from President Abraham Lincoln and his wife, First Lady Mary Todd Lincoln. The couple, who had been friends with the President and his wife for some time, were invited after Ulysses S. Grant and his wife Julia, Thomas Eckert and several other people had declined Mrs. Lincoln's invitation to the play. While they watched the play Our American Cousin in the Presidential Box at Ford's Theatre that evening, John Wilkes Booth shot President Lincoln in the back of the head. When Rathbone attempted to apprehend Booth, Booth stabbed and wounded him. Rathbone lost a considerable amount of blood which stained Harris' white dress, face and hands when she attempted to aid him. Although wounded, Rathbone escorted First Lady Mary Lincoln to the Petersen House where doctors had taken the unconscious President. Shortly after arriving at the Petersen House, Rathbone passed out due to loss of blood. Harris arrived at the house soon after and held Rathbone's head in her lap while he drifted in and out of consciousness. A surgeon who had been attending the President finally examined Rathbone and realized his wound was more serious than initially thought. Booth had severed an artery located just above Rathbone's elbow and had cut him nearly to the bone. Rathbone was taken home while Harris decided to stay with Mrs. Lincoln. Harris later stated:
<blockquote>Poor Mrs. Lincoln, all through that dreadful night would look at me with horror & scream, 'oh! my husband's blood, my dear husband's blood' It was Henry's blood, not the president's, but explanations were pointless. Rathbone, who had risen to the rank of colonel, resigned from the Army in December 1870. The family settled in Washington D. C., where Rathbone's mental health deteriorated. Every year on the anniversary of Lincoln's assassination, journalists would contact the couple with questions about Lincoln's death, furthering Rathbone's feelings of guilt. Harris later wrote to a friend:
<blockquote>I understand his distress in every hotel we're in, as soon as people get wind of our presence, we feel ourselves become objects of morbid scrutiny Whenever we were in the dining room, we began to feel like zoo animals. Henry imagines that the whispering is more pointed and malicious than it can possibly be. On December 23, 1883, Henry Rathbone attacked his family in a fit of madness. He fatally shot his wife in the head and then attempted to kill the children, but a groundskeeper prevented him from doing so. Rathbone then stabbed himself five times in the chest in an attempted suicide. Blaming his crime on an intruder, Rathbone was charged with murder and declared insane by doctors. He was convicted and committed to an asylum for the criminally insane in Hildesheim, Germany, where he died on August 14, 1911. The couple's children were sent to live with their uncle, William Harris, in the United States.
<blockquote>Poor Mrs. Lincoln, all through that dreadful night would look at me with horror & scream, 'oh! my husband's blood, my dear husband's blood' It was Henry's blood, not the president's, but explanations were pointless. Rathbone, who had risen to the rank of colonel, resigned from the Army in December 1870. The family settled in Washington D. C., where Rathbone's mental health deteriorated. Every year on the anniversary of Lincoln's assassination, journalists would contact the couple with questions about Lincoln's death, furthering Rathbone's feelings of guilt. Harris later wrote to a friend:
<blockquote>I understand his distress in every hotel we're in, as soon as people get wind of our presence, we feel ourselves become objects of morbid scrutiny Whenever we were in the dining room, we began to feel like zoo animals. Henry imagines that the whispering is more pointed and malicious than it can possibly be. On December 23, 1883, Henry Rathbone attacked his family in a fit of madness. He fatally shot his wife in the head and then attempted to kill the children, but a groundskeeper prevented him from doing so. Rathbone then stabbed himself five times in the chest in an attempted suicide. Blaming his crime on an intruder, Rathbone was charged with murder and declared insane by doctors. He was convicted and committed to an asylum for the criminally insane in Hildesheim, Germany, where he died on August 14, 1911. The couple's children were sent to live with their uncle, William Harris, in the United States.
23 декабря 1883 года Генри Рэтбоун в приступе безумия напал на свою семью. Он смертельно застрелил свою жену в голову, а затем попытался убить детей, но садовник помешал ему это сделать. Рэтбоун затем нанёс себе пять ножевых ранений в грудь в попытке самоубийства. Обвиняя в преступлении постороннего, Рэтбоун был обвинен в убийстве и признан врачами сумасшедшим. Он был осужден и помещен в психиатрическую лечебницу для душевнобольных преступников в Хильдесхайме, Германия, где умер 14 августа 1911 года. Детей супругов отправили жить к их дяде, Уильяму Харрису, в Соединенные Штаты.
On April 14, 1865, Major Rathbone and his fiancée Clara accepted an invitation to see a play at Ford's Theatre from President Abraham Lincoln and his wife, First Lady Mary Todd Lincoln. The couple, who had been friends with the President and his wife for some time, were invited after Ulysses S. Grant and his wife Julia, Thomas Eckert and several other people had declined Mrs. Lincoln's invitation to the play. While they watched the play Our American Cousin in the Presidential Box at Ford's Theatre that evening, John Wilkes Booth shot President Lincoln in the back of the head. When Rathbone attempted to apprehend Booth, Booth stabbed and wounded him. Rathbone lost a considerable amount of blood which stained Harris' white dress, face and hands when she attempted to aid him. Although wounded, Rathbone escorted First Lady Mary Lincoln to the Petersen House where doctors had taken the unconscious President. Shortly after arriving at the Petersen House, Rathbone passed out due to loss of blood. Harris arrived at the house soon after and held Rathbone's head in her lap while he drifted in and out of consciousness. A surgeon who had been attending the President finally examined Rathbone and realized his wound was more serious than initially thought. Booth had severed an artery located just above Rathbone's elbow and had cut him nearly to the bone. Rathbone was taken home while Harris decided to stay with Mrs. Lincoln. Harris later stated:
<blockquote>Poor Mrs. Lincoln, all through that dreadful night would look at me with horror & scream, 'oh! my husband's blood, my dear husband's blood' It was Henry's blood, not the president's, but explanations were pointless. Rathbone, who had risen to the rank of colonel, resigned from the Army in December 1870. The family settled in Washington D. C., where Rathbone's mental health deteriorated. Every year on the anniversary of Lincoln's assassination, journalists would contact the couple with questions about Lincoln's death, furthering Rathbone's feelings of guilt. Harris later wrote to a friend:
<blockquote>I understand his distress in every hotel we're in, as soon as people get wind of our presence, we feel ourselves become objects of morbid scrutiny Whenever we were in the dining room, we began to feel like zoo animals. Henry imagines that the whispering is more pointed and malicious than it can possibly be. On December 23, 1883, Henry Rathbone attacked his family in a fit of madness. He fatally shot his wife in the head and then attempted to kill the children, but a groundskeeper prevented him from doing so. Rathbone then stabbed himself five times in the chest in an attempted suicide. Blaming his crime on an intruder, Rathbone was charged with murder and declared insane by doctors. He was convicted and committed to an asylum for the criminally insane in Hildesheim, Germany, where he died on August 14, 1911. The couple's children were sent to live with their uncle, William Harris, in the United States.
<blockquote>Poor Mrs. Lincoln, all through that dreadful night would look at me with horror & scream, 'oh! my husband's blood, my dear husband's blood' It was Henry's blood, not the president's, but explanations were pointless. Rathbone, who had risen to the rank of colonel, resigned from the Army in December 1870. The family settled in Washington D. C., where Rathbone's mental health deteriorated. Every year on the anniversary of Lincoln's assassination, journalists would contact the couple with questions about Lincoln's death, furthering Rathbone's feelings of guilt. Harris later wrote to a friend:
<blockquote>I understand his distress in every hotel we're in, as soon as people get wind of our presence, we feel ourselves become objects of morbid scrutiny Whenever we were in the dining room, we began to feel like zoo animals. Henry imagines that the whispering is more pointed and malicious than it can possibly be. On December 23, 1883, Henry Rathbone attacked his family in a fit of madness. He fatally shot his wife in the head and then attempted to kill the children, but a groundskeeper prevented him from doing so. Rathbone then stabbed himself five times in the chest in an attempted suicide. Blaming his crime on an intruder, Rathbone was charged with murder and declared insane by doctors. He was convicted and committed to an asylum for the criminally insane in Hildesheim, Germany, where he died on August 14, 1911. The couple's children were sent to live with their uncle, William Harris, in the United States.