Канадское радиовещание на Севере Канады CBC North

CBC radio and television services in Northern Canada

CBC North (; ; ) is the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation's radio and television service for the Northwest Territories, Nunavut, and Yukon of Northern Canada as well as Eeyou Istchee and Nunavik in the Nord du Québec region of Quebec.

As part of the CBC Radio One network, CBC North radio stations carry national programming in English along with regional and local programming in English, French, and the following eight Indigenous languages: Chipewyan, Cree (East Cree), North and South Slavey, Gwich'in, Inuktitut, Inuvialuktun, and Tlicho. This network was established in 2012 to partially replace coverage lost when Taqramiut Nipingat converted its network of CBC North relay transmitters into an independent network and when shortwave broadcasts through CKCX ended. These stations broadcast the same regional and local programing heard on CFFB in Nunavut, with the exception of the Sunday Request Show. Additionally, on weekday mornings, they broadcast a portion of Daybreak Montreal, produced in English at CBME FM in Montreal, as well as a portion of Quebec AM, produced in English at CBVE FM in Quebec City.

In Eeyou Istchee, CBMP FM in Chisasibi and its rebroadcasters primarily follow the schedule of CBVE FM in Quebec City, but substitute three hours of programming in English each weekday for programming in East Cree. This consists of Winschgaoug ("get up") in the morning and afternoon and Eyou Dipajimoon ("Cree stories") at midday. Both programs are produced by the CBC North Cree unit in Montreal. Before 2020, these programs aired in this region on CBFG FM, an Ici Radio Canada Première station that also aired the now cancelled regional French programs Soirée boréale and Boréal hebdo.

In the Northwest Territories, there are two main stations: CFYK FM in Yellowknife, serving the southeast, and CHAK in Inuvik, serving the northwest.

Programming produced in English at CFYK FM includes the weekday morning show The Trailbreaker and the weekday afternoon show Trail's End, both of which air throughout the Northwest Territories. Indigenous language productions on weekdays include Tide Godi ("great lake news") in Tlicho, Dehcho Dene in South Slavey, and Denesuline Yatia in Chipewyan. On Saturday afternoons, CFYK FM produces Dene Yati, a summary of the week's news in multiple Indigenous languages.

CHAK produces the English language midday program Northwind on weekdays, airing throughout the Northwest Territories. Indingeous language productions on weekdays include Nantaii ("country road") in Gwich'in, Legot'sedeh ("locality and land") in North Slavey, and Tusaavik ("listening place") in Inuvialuktun. On Sunday afternoons, CHAK produces the Gwich'in language call in show Voice of the Gwich'in, broadcasting it in both the Northwest Territories and Yukon.

The Nunavut service with its main station CFFB in Iqaluit is the only local or regional CBC Radio service which covers three time zones (Eastern, Central, and Mountain). On weekdays, CFFB produces Qulliq ("oil lamp") in the morning and Nipivut ("our voices") at midday. Both programs are bilingual, containing English and Inuktitut elements. Meanwhile, CBQR FM in Rankin Inlet contributes the English and Inuktitut program Tusaajaksat ("things heard about") on weekday afternoons. Programming solely in Inuktitut includes Tausunni ("smell of humans"), produced in Iqaluit on weekday afternoons, and Tuttavik ("place of encounter"), produced at CFFB FM 5 in Kuujjuaq, Quebec (Nunavik), also on weekday afternoons. Unlike other stations within the CBC Radio One network, CFFB broadcasts regional programming on weekday evenings. This consists of the Indigenous storytelling programs Ullumi Tusaqsauqaujut ("heard today") and Sinnaksautit ("bedtimes"). On weekends, CFFB produces a regional morning program and a music request show, the Sunday Request Show.

On weekdays, CFWH FM in Whitehorse produces the morning show Yukon Morning, the midday show Midday Café, and the afternoon show Airplay. On weekends, it produces the morning show The Weekender, which also airs in the Northwest Territories. All four programs are in English. During the Saturday afternoon 5:00 to 6:00 p. m. CBC Radio One local arts programming block, CFWH FM broadcasts Rencontres, a production in French made by volunteers at the Association franco yukonnaise in Whitehorse. This program is broadcast through CFWH FM for the benefit of Franco Yukonnais outside of Whitehorse, as no other Yukon community is served by an Ici Radio Canada Première relay transmitter or a local francophone community radio station. Whitehorse itself is served by CFWY FM, owned by the Association franco yukonnaise as a relay of CBUF FM in Vancouver.

Until the 1970s, the CBC Northern Service featured a mailbag program entitled The Northern Messenger. Letters were sent to CBC studios and read on air to listeners in far flung settlements. The Northern Messenger functioned as a way to provide residents in remote locations with a means to communicate with friends and family in the south, especially during the winter months, as normal mail delivery was infrequent or non existent and long distance telephone networks had not yet reached the region. The original Northern Messenger was produced by KDKA in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and broadcast from 1923 to 1940 on its "Far Northern Service" shortwave radio simulcaster, 8XS (later known as W8XK and WPIT). Its intended audiences were Royal Canadian Mounted Police officers and other southerners stationed in the Canadian Arctic, to keep them in touch with events in the outside world. KDKA was owned and operated by Westinghouse Electric Corporation and the suggestion for Northern Messenger came from Canadian Westinghouse. The show was broadcast weekly from November to May, when normal mail delivery was unavailable. On the suggestion of a commander to a British navel expedition based in Nain, Labrador, who wished for his men to receive messages from family and friends, the Canadian Radio Broadcasting Commission (CRBC) began its own version of the service in 1932 under the name Canadian Northern Messenger. Like its American cousin, it consisted of personal messages from friends and family around the world to RCMP officers, missionaries, trappers, doctors, nurses, and scientists as well as Cree and Inuit, and also ran from November to May. It was initially produced by CRCT in Toronto and carried on the CRBC's network of mediumwave and shortwave stations, including CRCX (Bowmanville, Ontario), CJRO/CJRX (Winnipeg), and VE9DN (Drummondville, Quebec). Beginning in the 1940s, Northern Messenger would be recorded and broadcast to the Yukon and Northwest Territories on Saturday nights over the NWT&Y Radio System as well as western CBC radio stations CBW Winnipeg, CBX Edmonton, and CBK in Saskatchewan. a move that also coincided with expanding the program into one that aired on shortwave every weekday throughout the entire year. In the North, only CFYK DT and any transmitters owned by local governments or community organizations remained in operation thereafter. Most viewers in the Arctic did not lose access to CBC programming because of the extremely high penetration of cable and satellite. CFYK DT broadcasts two half hour regional newscasts on weekdays, CBC News: Northbeat (which is primarily presented in English, but also contains stories presented in Indigenous languages with English subtitles), and the Inuktitut language Igalaaq (ᐃᒐᓛᖅ, "window"). Both programs replaced the previous weekly news magazines Focus North and Aqsarniit in 1995. Igalaaq was anchored by Rassi Nashalik until her retirement in 2014. Northbeat was the only local newscast in English not merged into Canada Now from 2000 to 2006. In Cree, a current affairs program known as Maamuitaau (ᒫᒯᐄᑖᐤ, "let's get together", starting in 1982) airs on Sundays. This program and the regional newscasts were also broadcast on the Aboriginal Peoples Television Network before the creation of APTN National News. Upon launch on satellite in 1973, there were two separate CBC North television feeds. CBHT in Halifax, and later CBNT in St. John's, provided an "eastern" feed on an Atlantic Time Zone schedule, while CBUT in Vancouver provided a "western" feed on a Pacific Time Zone schedule. These feeds also served as the master national network signals for CBC Television. Viewers in North America with C band receive only satellite systems used to be able to receive the two unencrypted analog NTSC feeds until the early 2000s, when the CBC consolidated master control operations to Toronto and Montreal and transitioned to encrypted digital satellite transmissions. The western feed would then be discontinued altogether following the 2012 shutdown of all CBC owned transmitters in the North except for CFYK DT. The remaining feed for Yellowknife left C band satellite in 2018, by which time the CBC had connected its production centres to a fiber optic network and, after 45 years, stopped leasing satellite space from Telesat, the owner and operator of the Anik satellites.

The CBC Northern Service was a significant source of musical recordings of Inuit and First Nations artists in the 1970s and 1980s. After beginning Inuktitut and Cree language broadcasting in northern Quebec, the service saw the need for more musical content. However, initial recordings were done on cassettes, which were of little use to many of the broadcasting stations. The Northern Service began producing vinyl 45 RPM records in 1973. The first session produced singles by Charlie Panigoniak and Mark Etak. A 1975 session recorded singles by Sugluk, from Salluit, Quebec. In the late 1970s, the Northern Service's recording budget was increased, and artists were now flown in for professional recording sessions at the CBC's Montreal offices. Over 120 recordings were made in this period by artists including Morley Loon, William Tagoona, Willie Thrasher, and Alanis Obomsawin. In the mid 1980s, production was moved to Ottawa. The final sessions recorded by the service were in 1986. Some of these recordings were remastered by Kevin "Sipreano" Howes for the 2014 compilation album Native North America, Vol. 1.