Всемирный союз прогрессивного иудаизма: история и современность

The World Union for Progressive Judaism (WUPJ) is the international umbrella organization for the various branches of Reform, Liberal and Progressive Judaism, as well as the separate Reconstructionist Judaism. The WUPJ is based in 40 countries with 1,275 affiliated synagogues, of which 1,170 are Reform, Progressive, or Liberal and 105 Reconstructionist. It claims to represent a total of some 1.8 million people, both registered constituents and non member identifiers. The WUPJ has regional offices in London, Moscow, and New York City. As of 2021 the President of the WUPJ was Rabbi Sergio Bergman, and the Chair was Carole Sterling. Past presidents have included Claude Montefiore (1926–38), Rabbi Leo Baeck (1938–56), Lily Montagu (1955–59), and Rabbi Solomon Freehof (1959–64).

The URJ is by far the largest member organization of the WUPJ, with a solid constituency of over 750,000 Jewish members (along with further 90,000 unconverted gentile spouses) and over a million non members who identify with it in the U. S., and further 30,000 constituents in Canada. As of 2016, 1.5 million of the 1.9 million members of WUPJ are in the U. S. British Reform, established officially in 1942, joined the global organization in 1945.

A first congregation was formed at Jerusalem during 1958. The movement was incorporated in 1971. The Israeli surrounding encouraged a more conservative approach on behalf of the local branch. The prayer in vernacular, for example, was Hebrew anyway, and the populace was relatively more familiar with rabbinic sources. Patrilineal descent is not recognized by the IMPJ, as by many other smaller affiliates, which cannot antagonize the Israeli Orthodox religious establishment.

The movement was established in 1931 with the encouragement of Abraham Zevi Idelsohn and Lily Montagu. South African Jewry is mostly nominally Orthodox, with those in Progressive streams accounting for around 10% of South African Jews currently residing in the country.

The movement was established in the 1930s in Melbourne by Ada Phillips with the encouragement of Lily Montagu and Israel Mattuck. Australian Jewry is similar to its South African counterpart in that it is mostly nominally Orthodox. Around twenty percent of affiliated Jews in Australia belong to progressive congregations.

Reform Judaism began in Germany, led by Rabbi Abraham Geiger. It stagnated considerably after the 1840s. In 1898, German Liberal rabbis organized the Union of Liberal Rabbis in Germany under Heinemann Vogelstein. In 1908 the laity formed the Union for Liberal Judaism in Germany. At its height, it had some 10,000 members and half the rabbis in the country. The ULJ was a founding member of the World Union in 1926. After the destruction of the Holocaust, Germany's Jews, mostly refugees of foreign descent, largely favoured Orthodoxy. Liberal Judaism managed to gain inroads slowly, and first prayer groups appeared in 1995. The Union of Progressive Jews was founded in 1997. The first new branch established by the WUPJ was in the Netherlands, in 1931, eventually coalescing into the Nederlands Verbond voor Progressief Jodendom. The movement is growing in Spain. As of 2016 there are six congregations, while there was only one congregation a decade ago. In 2017 the Reform community there expects to have its first native born rabbi since the Expulsion in 1492 once he completes his rabbinical training in London.

The WUPJ opened a regional office in Buenos Aires in 1963 to "strengthen and build Jewish religious life" in South America. Since the early 2000s, a Latin American affiliate has been evolving. Officially founded at the Leaders Regional Conference of Progressive Communities in Córdoba (Argentina), in December 2009, then WUPJ Latin America renamed itself the Union for Reform Judaism Latin America (UJR AmLat, the acronym in Spanish and Portuguese) in 2019. The main concern of the time in the early 2000s was the vulnerability of the Jewish communities of Argentina, which was going through a serious social, economic and political crisis. The embryo of the organization was conceived in 2002 in São Paulo, by activists from liberal communities of Brazil, who chose that city as the regional headquarters of the organization. As of June 2020, UJR AmLat has 26 affiliated communities, being one Rabbinical Institute, one Jewish School (both in Buenos Aires), two youth movements (affiliated to Netzer Olami) in São Paulo, and 22 synagogues in Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, Peru, Costa Rica, and Guatemala.

European WUPJ providing regional support to congregations in Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Poland, Spain, Switzerland. Within the European region there are also subregional associations for Germany, Italy, Netherlands, and the UK. "WUPJ – Former Soviet Union" providing support for congregations in the Former Soviet Union. Union of Jewish Congregations of Latin America and the Caribbean supports congregations in Latin America and the Caribbean. Shai Pinto, the vice president and COO of the World Union for Progressive Judaism, noted in 2012 that Latin America represented the fastest growing region for the movement. There are also, Arzenu – the international umbrella organization for progressive religious Zionist organizations, and Netzer Olami, the international youth wing of the progressive movement, jointly sponsored by Arzenu and the WUPJ.

Rabbis, cantors, and communal leaders for the worldwide progressive movement are trained in one of eight rabbinic institutions: Leo Baeck College, Abraham Geiger College, Hebrew Union College, the Institute for Modern Jewish Studies in Moscow, the Iberoamerican Institute for Reform Rabbinical Education, the École Rabbinique de Paris, the Levisson Institute Amsterdam, and the Reconstructionist Rabbinical College. While all eight train rabbis for the worldwide progressive movement, each has a different focus. Leo Baeck College, located in the United Kingdom, focuses on leadership for the UK Reform and UK Liberal. The Moscow Institute trains leadership for the Russian speaking communities, the École Rabbinique de Paris does so for the French speaking communities, and the Levisson Institute for the Dutch speaking communities. The Iberoamerican Institute focuses on Latin America and Spanish and Portuguese speaking communities, offering an online programme with weeklong, in person seminars twice a year. The Reconstructionist Rabbinical College trains leadership for the associated Reconstructionist Movement.