Изофорондиизоцианат: свойства и применение

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| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 443887024
| Name = Isophorone diisocyanate
| ImageFile = Isophorone diisocyanate V.1. svg
| ImageName = Isophorone diisocyanate
| ImageFile1 = Isophorone diisocyanate 3D vdW. png
| ImageName1 = Isophorone diisocyanate
| IUPACName = 5 isocyanato 1 (isocyanatomethyl) 1,3,3 trimethylcyclohexane
| OtherNames = IPDI
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|Section2=Chembox Properties
| Formula = C12H18N2O2
| MolarMass = 222.3 g/mol
| Appearance = Colourless to slightly yellow liquid
| PEL = none Aliphatic diisocyanates are used, not in the production of polyurethane foam, but in special applications, such as enamel coatings which are resistant to abrasion and degradation from ultraviolet light. These properties are particularly desirable in, for instance, the exterior paint applied to aircraft.

Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) stands out as a cycloaliphatic diisocyanate distinguished by its two reactive isocyanate groups, exhibiting differences in reactivity between primary and secondary NCO groups. This unique property ensures high selectivity in reacting with hydroxyl bearing compounds. This distinctive attribute proves advantageous in processing low viscosity prepolymers, resulting in a notably reduced residual content of monomeric diisocyanate. Furthermore, the low viscosity of IPDI based prepolymers facilitates a decrease in solvent usage. The presence of methyl groups linked to the cyclohexane ring broadens IPDI's compatibility with resins and solvents. The inherent cycloaliphatic ring confers heightened rigidity and a notably elevated glass transition temperature to IPDI based products. IPDI itself is a transparent, slightly yellowish, low viscosity liquid with a solidification point at 60 °C and boiling point at 158 °C. Semi finished products like NCO terminated prepolymers exhibit a low tendency to crystallize, remaining in a liquid state and facilitating easy processing.