Введение
Английский церковный деятель и ученый Джон Монтегю или Монтагю (1655 – 23 февраля 1728/29) был английским церковным деятелем и ученым.
John Montagu or Mountague (1655 23 February 1728/29) was an English churchman and academic.
Жизнь
Он был четвёртым сыном адмирала Эдварда Монтегю, 1-го графа Сандвича, погибшего в битве при Солебее в 1672 году, и его жены Джемимы Крю, дочери Джона Крю, 1-го барона Крю. Вместе со своим братом-близнецом Оливером он первоначально обучался в Грамматической школе Хантингдона, откуда их вызвали на встречу с Сэмюэлем Пепсом (другом семьи):
The two twins were sent for from schoole, at Mr. Taylor's, to come to see me, and I took them into the garden, and there, in one of the summer houses, did examine them, and do find them so well advanced in their learning, that I was amazed at it: they repeating a whole ode without book out of Horace, and did give me a very good account of any thing almost, and did make me very readily very good Latin, and did give me good account of their Greek grammar, beyond all possible expectation; and so grave and manly as I never saw, I confess, nor could have believed; so that they will be fit to go to Cambridge in two years at most. They are both little, but very like one another, and well looked children. The boys transferred to Westminster School and thence to Trinity College, Cambridge, where John entered as a fellow commoner on 12 April 1672, proceeded MA. jure natalium, 1673 and was elected a fellow in 1674. In 1680, Montagu was made master of Sherburn Hospital by his relative Bishop Crewe, and in 1683 a prebend of Durham. On 12 May 1683, King James also made him Master of Trinity College, Cambridge. He may have been provided with the mastership as a reward for his father's service. On 27 September 1686, he was awarded a Doctorate by Royal mandate. He was promoted to Vice chancellor in 1687. From 1695 to 1702, he was Clerk of the Closet for William III. In either 1699 or 1700, he resigned the mastership of Trinity and became Dean of Durham, which he kept until his death in 1728. Montagu was admitted a member of the Spalding Gentlemen's Society on 22 August 1723. He died unmarried, at his house in Bedford Row, Holborn, London, on 23 February 1728, aged 73, and was interred at Barnwell, Northamptonshire, the burying place of his family. Trinity College is said to have declined in numbers or reputation during Montagu's mastership, on account of the relaxation of discipline which his easy temper encouraged. He was a liberal benefactor to the college, subscribing £228 towards the cost of the new library, and allowing £170, due to him as master when he resigned, to be expended in purchasing furniture for the master's lodge. This sum had been claimed by his successor, Dr. Richard Bentley, and the above compromise was not effected until 1702, when the thanks of the society were given to Montagu, and his name inscribed in the register of benefactors by the master. In 1720, when Bentley was projecting an edition of the New Testament, Montagu lent him some manuscripts from the Chapter Library at Durham.
Близнецов вызвали из школы, у мистера Тейлора, чтобы они пришли ко мне. Я взял их в сад и там, в одном из летних домиков, испытал их и обнаружил, что они настолько преуспели в учёбе, что был поражён: они без книги пересказывали целую оду Горация, давали очень чёткие ответы на любые вопросы, легко овладевали латынью и прекрасно разбирались в греческой грамматике, что превзошло все ожидания; при этом они были серьёзны и мужественны, как я никогда прежде не встречал и даже не мог себе представить. Так что они смогут поступить в Кембридж не позднее чем через два года. Они оба невысокого роста, но очень похожи друг на друга и выглядят здоровыми детьми.
The two twins were sent for from schoole, at Mr. Taylor's, to come to see me, and I took them into the garden, and there, in one of the summer houses, did examine them, and do find them so well advanced in their learning, that I was amazed at it: they repeating a whole ode without book out of Horace, and did give me a very good account of any thing almost, and did make me very readily very good Latin, and did give me good account of their Greek grammar, beyond all possible expectation; and so grave and manly as I never saw, I confess, nor could have believed; so that they will be fit to go to Cambridge in two years at most. They are both little, but very like one another, and well looked children. The boys transferred to Westminster School and thence to Trinity College, Cambridge, where John entered as a fellow commoner on 12 April 1672, proceeded MA. jure natalium, 1673 and was elected a fellow in 1674. In 1680, Montagu was made master of Sherburn Hospital by his relative Bishop Crewe, and in 1683 a prebend of Durham. On 12 May 1683, King James also made him Master of Trinity College, Cambridge. He may have been provided with the mastership as a reward for his father's service. On 27 September 1686, he was awarded a Doctorate by Royal mandate. He was promoted to Vice chancellor in 1687. From 1695 to 1702, he was Clerk of the Closet for William III. In either 1699 or 1700, he resigned the mastership of Trinity and became Dean of Durham, which he kept until his death in 1728. Montagu was admitted a member of the Spalding Gentlemen's Society on 22 August 1723. He died unmarried, at his house in Bedford Row, Holborn, London, on 23 February 1728, aged 73, and was interred at Barnwell, Northamptonshire, the burying place of his family. Trinity College is said to have declined in numbers or reputation during Montagu's mastership, on account of the relaxation of discipline which his easy temper encouraged. He was a liberal benefactor to the college, subscribing £228 towards the cost of the new library, and allowing £170, due to him as master when he resigned, to be expended in purchasing furniture for the master's lodge. This sum had been claimed by his successor, Dr. Richard Bentley, and the above compromise was not effected until 1702, when the thanks of the society were given to Montagu, and his name inscribed in the register of benefactors by the master. In 1720, when Bentley was projecting an edition of the New Testament, Montagu lent him some manuscripts from the Chapter Library at Durham.
Затем мальчики перешли в Вестминстерскую школу, а оттуда – в Тринити-колледж Кембриджского университета, где Джон поступил как стипендиат 12 апреля 1672 года, получил степень магистра по праву рождения (jure natalium) в 1673 году и был избран членом колледжа в 1674 году. В 1680 году Монтегю был назначен своим родственником, епископом Крю, смотрителем больницы Шерберн, а в 1683 году – пребендарием Даремского собора. 12 мая 1683 года король Яков также назначил его магистром Тринити-колледжа в Кембридже. Возможно, это назначение было наградой за службу его отца. 27 сентября 1686 года он получил докторскую степень по королевскому указу. В 1687 году он был избран вице-канцлером университета. С 1695 по 1702 год он был личным капелланом Вильгельма III. В 1699 или 1700 году он оставил пост магистра Тринити и стал деканом Даремского собора, которым он руководил до своей смерти в 1728 году. Монтегю был принят в члены Общества джентльменов Спалдинга 22 августа 1723 года. Он умер безбрачным в своём доме на Бедфорд-роу, Холборн, Лондон, 23 февраля 1728 года в возрасте 73 лет и был похоронен в Барнуэлле, Нортгемптоншир, семейном склепе его семьи. Говорят, что во время пребывания Монтегю на посту магистра Тринити-колледж пришёл в упадок в плане численности студентов и репутации из-за ослабления дисциплины, которое поощрял его мягкий характер. Он был щедрым благотворителем колледжа, пожертвовав 228 фунтов стерлингов на строительство новой библиотеки и разрешив потратить 170 фунтов стерлингов, причитавшихся ему как магистру при отставке, на покупку мебели для резиденции магистра. Эта сумма была запрошена его преемником, доктором Ричардом Бентли, и вышеуказанный компромисс был достигнут только в 1702 году, когда обществу была выражена благодарность Монтегю, а его имя было занесено в реестр благотворителей магистром. В 1720 году, когда Бентли готовился к изданию Нового Завета, Монтегю одолжил ему несколько рукописей из библиотеки Даремского собора.
The two twins were sent for from schoole, at Mr. Taylor's, to come to see me, and I took them into the garden, and there, in one of the summer houses, did examine them, and do find them so well advanced in their learning, that I was amazed at it: they repeating a whole ode without book out of Horace, and did give me a very good account of any thing almost, and did make me very readily very good Latin, and did give me good account of their Greek grammar, beyond all possible expectation; and so grave and manly as I never saw, I confess, nor could have believed; so that they will be fit to go to Cambridge in two years at most. They are both little, but very like one another, and well looked children. The boys transferred to Westminster School and thence to Trinity College, Cambridge, where John entered as a fellow commoner on 12 April 1672, proceeded MA. jure natalium, 1673 and was elected a fellow in 1674. In 1680, Montagu was made master of Sherburn Hospital by his relative Bishop Crewe, and in 1683 a prebend of Durham. On 12 May 1683, King James also made him Master of Trinity College, Cambridge. He may have been provided with the mastership as a reward for his father's service. On 27 September 1686, he was awarded a Doctorate by Royal mandate. He was promoted to Vice chancellor in 1687. From 1695 to 1702, he was Clerk of the Closet for William III. In either 1699 or 1700, he resigned the mastership of Trinity and became Dean of Durham, which he kept until his death in 1728. Montagu was admitted a member of the Spalding Gentlemen's Society on 22 August 1723. He died unmarried, at his house in Bedford Row, Holborn, London, on 23 February 1728, aged 73, and was interred at Barnwell, Northamptonshire, the burying place of his family. Trinity College is said to have declined in numbers or reputation during Montagu's mastership, on account of the relaxation of discipline which his easy temper encouraged. He was a liberal benefactor to the college, subscribing £228 towards the cost of the new library, and allowing £170, due to him as master when he resigned, to be expended in purchasing furniture for the master's lodge. This sum had been claimed by his successor, Dr. Richard Bentley, and the above compromise was not effected until 1702, when the thanks of the society were given to Montagu, and his name inscribed in the register of benefactors by the master. In 1720, when Bentley was projecting an edition of the New Testament, Montagu lent him some manuscripts from the Chapter Library at Durham.