Либеральный Интернационал: История и Принципы

International federation of liberal political parties (1947 present). Liberal International (LI) is a worldwide organization of liberal political parties. The political international was founded in Oxford in 1947 and has become the pre eminent network for liberal parties aiming to strengthen liberalism around the world. Its headquarters are at 1 Whitehall Place, London, SW1A 2HD, within the National Liberal Club. The Oxford Manifesto describes the basic political principles of the Liberal International, which is currently made up of 111 parties and organizations.

The Liberal International Constitution (2005) gives its purposes as: to win general acceptance of Liberal principles which are international in their nature throughout the world, and to foster the growth of a free society based on personal liberty, personal responsibility and social justice, and to provide the means of co operation and interchange of information between the member organisations, and between men and women of all countries who accept these principles. The principles that unite member parties from Africa, America, Asia and Europe are respect for human rights, free and fair elections and multi party democracy, social justice, tolerance, market economy, free trade, environmental sustainability and a strong sense of international solidarity. The aims of Liberal International are also set out in a series of seven manifestos, written between 1946 and 1997, and are furthered by a variety of bodies including a near yearly conference for liberal parties and individuals from around the world.

The bureau of Liberal International is elected every 18 months by the delegates of the congress. The 14th president of Liberal International is Hakima el Haite of the Mouvement Populaire (Morocco), is a former Minister of Environment, UN climate champion, and climate scientist. Madam El Haite succeeded Dr Juli Minoves, formerly Andorra's foreign minister and representative to the United Nations. Former Presidents include Hans Van Baalen MEP, John, Lord Alderdice, Dutch politician and former European Commissioner Frits Bolkestein, German politician Otto Graf Lambsdorff, and Spain's first democratically elected prime minister after Francoist Spain, Adolfo Suárez. The secretary general of Liberal International is Gordon Mackay, a former Member of the National Assembly of South Africa. Other members of the bureau include Deputy President Prof. Karl Heinz Paque; and Vice Presidents Cellou Dalein Diallo (Guinea), Kitty Monterrey (Nicaragua), Abir al Sahlani (Sweden), Kiat Sittheamorn (Thailand) and Robert Woodthorpe Browne (United Kingdom). There are two elected treasurers, Judith Pallares MP (Andorra) and Minister Omar Youm (Senegal).

Because inter war International Entente of Radical and Similar Democratic Parties ceased to operate in the beginning of the World War II, on 16 June 1946 representatives of the Liberal Party of Belgium, British Liberal Party, French Republican, Radical and Radical Socialist Party, Danish Social Liberal Party, Freedom Party of the Netherlands, Free Democratic Party of Switzerland, People's Party of Sweden, Italian Liberal Party and the representatives of Spanish Liberals in exile assembled in Brussels and adopted the Declaration of Brussels, which called for creation of world liberal organization.

The Oxford Manifesto, drawn up in April 1947 at Wadham College in Oxford by representatives from 19 liberal political parties from South Africa, Germany, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Cyprus, Spain, Estonia, United Kingdom, United States, Finland, France, Hungary, Italy, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, Czechoslovakia and Turkey is a document describing the basic political principles of the Liberal International. Creation of its main principles were led by Salvador de Madariaga. The Oxford Manifesto was inspired by the ideas of William Beveridge and is regarded as one of the defining political documents of the 20 century. Fifty years on, in 1997, Liberal International returned to Oxford and issued a supplement to the original manifesto, The Liberal Agenda for the 21st century, describing Liberal policies in greater detail. The second Oxford Manifesto was adopted by the 48th Congress of Liberal International, which was held on 27–30 November 1997 in the Oxford Town Hall. In 2017, the global federation marked its 70th anniversary with the adoption of the Andorra Liberal Manifesto for the twenty first century (ALM). A three year project across numerous continents initiated by then president Juli Minoves, the ALM embodied the widest consultation of views undertaken by Liberal International in order to compile a policy document.

LI has 90 political parties. Country/RegionNameGovernmentJoinedLiberal Party of Andorra 1994Reform Movement 1947Evópoli 2023Liberal Party of Chile 2014 Rally of the Republicans Istrian Democratic Assembly 2014Cuban Liberal Union 1992Democratic Solidarity Party National Liberal Party Danish Social Liberal Party 1948Liberal Party 1947Estonian Reform Party 1994ALDE Group ALDE Party Centre Party 1983Swedish People's Party 1983Republican Party of Georgia 2006German Group of the LI 1947Free Democratic Party 1947Liberal Party 1960Ciudadanos por la Libertad Liberal Democratic Party 1994Liberal Party 1947Authentic Radical Liberal Party 2001Liberal Party 1989Iniciativa Liberal Yabloko 2002Alliance pour la République 2018Rewmi Senegalese Democratic Party 1980Concretely CAHDI Party Democratic Alliance 1984Fundació Llibertat i Democràcia Liberals 1947Centre Party 2006Movement of Free Citizens 2022FDP. The Liberals 2009Democratic Progressive Party 1994Civic United Front / in coalition in autonomous region of Zanzibar Democrat Party Afek Tounes 2021Alliance Party of Northern Ireland In coalition government in Northern Irish Assembly, in opposition at national level 1991Liberal International British Group Liberal Democrats 1989WorldwideInternational Federation of Liberal Youth International Network of Liberal Women