Партия демократической революции Мексики: история и альянсы

Mexican political party

The Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD, lang es, paɾˈtiðo ðe la reβoluˈsjon demoˈkɾatika) is a social democratic political party in Mexico. The PRI had dominated Mexican politics since its founding in 1929. In 1986, a group of PRI members – including Ifigenia Martínez, Rodolfo González Guevara, Porfirio Muñoz Ledo, and Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas – formed the Democratic Current, a political faction within the PRI. The Democratic Current did not have many technocrats and was thus left out of the decision making process. In the 1988 presidential election, Cárdenas had come closer than any other political candidate to winning against the PRI, which had been in power since 1929. The victory of the PRI's candidate, Carlos Salinas de Gortari, was largely considered guilty of electoral fraud in 1988; this was after the computers tabulating votes had reportedly crashed. Years later, it was determined that there was indeed electoral fraud in the election. Additionally, some leftist organizations were wary that their individual concerns would be lost by joining a political group. This was a shift in strategy from the usual protests of fraud. These results were later validated by the Federal Electoral Tribunal. However, the PRD claimed that there was election fraud. These demonstrations were organized by the PRD, whose stronghold is in Mexico City.

The defeat of the PAN and the PRD in the Mexico general elections in 2012, as well as the departure of Andrés Manuel López Obrador from the PRD, caused these two parties to approach each other despite the friction obtained in the 2006 general elections. During 2017, Ricardo Anaya, then President of PAN, announced his party's proposal to create an alliance of politicians called "Opposition Wide Front" in order to "form a coalition government that will result in a stable majority that can be governed the country and make the change of regime a reality." On 5 September the PAN formalized an alliance with PRD and MC under the name of "Citizen Front for Mexico," registering the coalition before the National Electoral Institute, an alliance to last for 6 years. On 17 December, the three parties ratified the alliance with the creation of an electoral coalition to participate in the federal elections of 2018 and multiple state elections with the name of "Por México al Frente."

In August 2018 PRD abandoned Por México al Frente. In early 2019, the PRD split, with nine deputies leaving the PRD and joining Morena and the government coalition of López Obrador. This gave the government a two thirds majority, allowing for the passage of constitutional reform. On 22 December 2020, the PRD formed the new alliance Va por México, together with the National Action Party and the Institutional Revolutionary Party. In 2023, the PRD, along with the National Action Party and the Institutional Revolutionary Party formed the Fuerza y Corazón por México, a electoral alliance that is to compete in the 2024 Mexican general election with Xóchitl Gálvez as the coalitions’ presidential candidate against the Sigamos Haciendo Historia coalition’s candidate Claudia Sheinbaum of the Morena party.

Election year Candidate # votes % vote Result Note 1994 Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas 5,852,134 17.1 Defeated 2000 Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas 6,256,780 16.6 Defeated Coalition: Alliance for Mexico 2006 Andrés Manuel López Obrador 14,756,350 35.3 Defeated Coalition: Coalition for the Good of All 2012 Andrés Manuel López Obrador 15,848,827 31.6 Defeated Coalition: Broad Progressive Front 2018 Ricardo Anaya 12,607,779 22.27 Defeated Coalition: Por México al Frente 2024 Xóchitl Gálvez Coalition: Fuerza y Corazón por México

Election year Constituency PR No. of seats PositionPresidency Note Votes % Votes % 1994 5,590,391 16.7 5,728,733 16.7 Minority Ernesto Zedillo 1997 7,435,456 25.7 7,518,903 25.7 Minority Ernesto Zedillo 2000 6,948,204 18.7 6,990,143 18.7 Minority Vicente Fox Coalition: Alliance for Mexico 2003 4,694,365 18.2 4,707,009 18.2 Minority Vicente Fox 2006 11,941,842 29.0 12,013,364 29.0 Minority Felipe Calderón Coalition: Coalition for the Good of All 2009 4,217,985 12.2 4,228,627 12.2 Minority Felipe Calderón 2012 13,426,702 27.0 13,502,179 27.0 Minority Enrique Peña Nieto Coalition: Broad Progressive Front 2015 1,941,105 5.13 4,335,731 10.87 Minority Enrique Peña Nieto Coalition: Broad Progressive Front 2018 96,393 0.17 2,984,861 5.27 Minority Andrés Manuel López Obrador Coalition: For Mexico to the Front 2021 248,505 0.51 1,792,700 3.64 Minority Andrés Manuel López Obrador Coalition: Va por México

Election year Constituency PR No. of seats PositionPresidency Note Votes % Votes % 1994 5,579,949 16.8 Minority Ernesto Zedillo 1997 7,564,656 25.8 Minority Ernesto Zedillo 2000 7,027,944 18.9 7,027,994 18.8 Minority Vicente Fox Coalition: Alliance for Mexico 2006 12,292,512 29.7 12,397,008 29.7 Minority Felipe Calderón Coalition: Coalition for the Good of All 2012 13,609,393 27.2 13,718,847 27.3 Minority Enrique Peña Nieto Coalition: Broad Progressive Front 2018 96,393 0.17 2,984,861 5.27 Minority Andrés Manuel López Obrador Coalition: For Mexico to the Front