Volkswagen Gol: Латын Америкалық субкомпакт автомобиль

A subcompact car manufactured by Volkswagen do Brasil

The Volkswagen Gol is a subcompact car that has been manufactured by Volkswagen do Brasil since 1980 as Volkswagen's entry level car in the Latin American market—where it succeeded the Volkswagen Type 1 (Fusca) and the Volkswagen Brasilia. Several variants of the Gol derived Voyage and Parati were marketed in North America as the Volkswagen Fox from 1987 to 1993. The Gol has been produced in several versions, such as three and five door hatchbacks, four door sedans (the Volkswagen Voyage), three and five door station wagons (the Volkswagen Parati), and two door coupé utilities (the Volkswagen Saveiro). The Gol was the best selling car in Brazil for 27 consecutive years, from 1987 to 2014, and has been the most popular car in Argentina since 1988; approximately five million Gols have been manufactured in South America since 1980. In March 2013 it was announced that cumulative production of the Gol and its derivatives (Voyage, Saveiro, Parati) had reached 10 million units. It takes its name from the Portuguese (and Spanish) word for goal in football, taking advantage of the Brazilians' passion for the sport. Following a continuous production for 43 years, the production of the Gol ended in 2023. A downgraded version of the Volkswagen Polo called the Polo Track became its replacement. It is named after a traditional Brazilian fishing boat. It is currently sold in Mexico since 1999 as the Pointer Pick Up.

The Gol was released in 1980 to replace the Brasilia, which was in turn a replacement for the Beetle on the Brazilian market. It was based on its own unique BX platform derived from the existing VW/Audi B1 and B2 platforms. With a design specific to Latin America, the Gol featured the 1.3 liter air cooled, flat four engine from the Beetle, but front mounted. By May 1982 the Voyage 1.5 was upgraded to 1.6. In 1984 a water cooled Voyage 1.8 ("Super") was launched as a higher level option. A 1.6 liter diesel engine was made, although only for export as diesel engines are not allowed in passenger cars in the Brazilian market. In January 1983 a four door Voyage sedan was released. It was known as the VW Amazon in some export markets, later as the Fox in North America. The four door Voyage was built in the Autolatina Pacheco factory in Buenos Aires, Argentina from 1983 to 1994. It was sold under the name Gacel (later also as the Senda) with the Argentine built 1.6 OHC engine with a carburettor, later also with a diesel 1.6. The first generation (or "G1") Gol had two mild facelifts for 1987 and 1991. The 1989 Gol GTi was the first Brazilian built car to use fuel injection. The 2.0 liter inline four engine was the same used by the Santana. In 1991, as a result of changes to the tax laws in Brazil, a flurry of cars with engines under one liters appeared. Fiat was first (with the Fiat Mille), and Volkswagen quickly responded with the spartan Gol 1000. It had a Ford developed 997 cc engine (a result of their recent Autolatina joint venture) with and was not available in any other bodystyle. Between 1990 and 1995, the Ford CHT 1.6 replaced the original 1.6 in the range, also as a result of the Autolatina lineup.

The Gol GT 1.8 was the BX family's first sports version and an answer to the Ford Escort XR3, a successful sports car in Brazilian market. With a 1.8 liter engine borrowed from Santana (MkII Passat), the Gol GT was much faster than the Escort XR3, but externally did not have the same beauty. The first series still had a four speed manual gearbox, but soon this was changed to a five speed unit.

Successor of Gol GT, the GTS had an updated design, following the new 87 BX line up style and also featuring new accessories that were not available before, such as rear spoiler and side skirts. The 1.8 liter engine produced running on gasoline or running on ethanol. The GTS was a very successful model and was kept in production alongside the upcoming GTI.

Known as the first Brazilian built car equipped with electronic fuel injection, the Gol GTI was presented in January 1989 and featured a larger 2.0 liter engine with power of running only on gasoline. Claimed top speed is Initially offered as a two door and four door sedan as well as a two door wagon, the wagon was discontinued for model year 1991 along with the two door sedan for the Canadian market. That same year the remaining Fox versions received a mild restyling. All North American models employed a longitudinally mounted inline four 1.8 L gasoline engine producing at 5,500 rpm and of torque at 3,250 rpm. Early models (1987–1989) featured Bosch CIS E type Jetronic electro mechanical fuel injection, using an oxygen sensor to assist in fuel management. Later models (1990–1994) employed Bosch Digifant electronic fuel injection. In Canada from 1987–1989 it was offered with the simpler Bosch CIS fuel injection system without an oxygen sensor for the engine fuel management system. Over the course of its model history, trim levels included base Fox, GL, GTS, GLS, GL Sport, Polo, and a Wolfsburg Edition. Options included air conditioning, five speed (vs. four) manual transmission and metallic paint. No automatic transmission was offered. The GL trim featured revised cloth trim, rear license plate backing, ceiling mounted map light, glove compartment light, trunk light, tachometer (excepting wagon models), body colored bumpers, hubcaps, passenger side exterior rear view mirror, 175/70 13 tires, locking gas cap and three point rear seat belts. The 1991 facelift included revised grille, headlights, turn signals, badges, and hubcaps, as well as reduction of towing hooks from four to two. Later US models featured "automatic" non motorized front seat shoulder belts along with a knee bar and manual front lap belts, while the Canadian models have kept the manual pillar mounted front seat belts.

The second generation (or "G2") Gol, known as Project AB9 during development, debuted in September 1994. It was still based on the BX platform, and is very different from the earlier model, with an updated body and longer wheelbase than the 1980 original. Nicknamed "Gol Bolinha" (roughly "Rounded Gol" or "Bubble Gol"), the previous generation started to be nicknamed as "Gol Quadrado", "Squared Gol". The new version was an answer to the then newly released Chevrolet Corsa. The Gol G2 was available in the following versions: 1000i, 1000i Plus, CL, GL, Furgão (Wagon) and GTi (this was fitted with an 8 valve engine until 1996, when a more powerful, German built 16 valve version replaced it), with 1.0, 1.6, 1.8, and 2.0 liter engines. The 1.0 was supplied by Ford, as part of the AutoLatina collaboration. The Gol G2 also had two special editions. The first, "Gol Rolling Stones", was in 1995 commemorating that band's "Voodoo Lounge Tour" leg in Brazil. Then, the following year came "Gol Atlanta" (after the Olympic Games). In November 1996, Volkswagen began to produce its own 1.0 engine, called the AT 1000. This version was derived from their larger 1.6 (999 cc). The 1.0 16V has , up from in the eight valve version. In 1995 the Autolatina partnership was dissolved. In 1998, a 1.9 liter diesel engine was installed in the Gol G2, only sold in markets outside of Brazil.

The third generation of the Gol was released in Brazil, on 29 June 2008, as a 2009 model. Referred to before its launch as the Gol NF for Nachfolger or Neue Familie (German terms for "successor" and "new family" respectively), this model is marketed as the "Novo Gol". However, it is no longer based on the BX platform, but shares Volkswagen's PQ24 platform with the Fox and Polo, with some components from the PQ25 platform. In Brazil, it was released in three and five door hatchback version with the options of 1.0 liter or 1.6 liter flex engines. Its dimensions are 3.90 m in length, 1.66 m in width, 1.45 m in height with a wheelbase of 2.47 m, and luggage capacity of 285 liters. It is the first Gol to be offered with an automated manual transmission. The advertisements were filmed in Los Angeles, California, featuring Sylvester Stallone and Gisele Bündchen. Volkswagen High Torque (VHT) technology was introduced on the third generation Gol family. This new technology allows the flex engine to get the high torques at lower revs, the engines produce higher torques and horsepower on Ethanol fuel.

Revealed in September 2008, the Voyage is the sedan variant of the current Gol and as such has the same running gear 1.0 and 1.6 liter VHT ethanol compatible engines. In several countries, the Voyage is called the Gol Sedan. The Voyage is available in four versions on the Brazilian market; 1.0, 1.6, 1.6 Trend, and 1.6 Comfortline, all with standard with ABS brakes and dual front airbags. The Voyage's trunk can be electronically operated via a button on the dash or by pressing the keypad; the luggage capacity is 480 liters. Production of the sedan bodystyle ended in Brazil in 1995 and resumed in 2008, so although this is only the second generation of the Voyage, it is called the G5 in line with the equivalent Gol hatchback.

In August 2009, VW Brazil revealed the third generation Saveiro utility. The new Saveiro is available with a standard cabin or an extended cabin, sharing the same wheelbase which is longer than that of the Gol and Voyage. The only available engine, the 1.6L VHT, carries over from the Gol and Voyage. The most basic 1.6 specification has black bumpers and 14 inch steel wheels. The optional Trend package includes 14 inch alloy wheels and color coded door handle and mirror covers; the top of the line is the Saveiro Trooper which has black painted 15 inch steel wheels. Carrying capacity is for the standard cabin and for the extended cabin. Even after the Gol and Voyage was discontinued in Brazil, the Saveiro pickup continued to be manufactured, undergoing a slight facelift in August 2023.

1.0L VHT: ( Ethanol) producing ( Ethanol) at 3,850 rpm
1.0L MPI: ( Ethanol) producing ( Ethanol) at 3,000 rpm
1.6L VHT: ( Ethanol) producing ( Ethanol) at 2,500 rpm
1.6L MSI: ( Ethanol) producing ( Ethanol) at 3,000 rpm

The third generation of the Gol received a facelift in 2012, with more angular headlights and taillights, similar to the sixth generation Volkswagen Jetta. The model received another facelift in 2016, based on the fifth generation Volkswagen Polo and the seventh generation Volkswagen Golf. A new 1.0 liter three cylinder was introduced, the same engine used on the Brazilian specification Up! and Fox models, with the option of ethanol or gasoline, or a combination of both. The Rallye version based on the CrossFox with a 16 valve 1.6 liter four cylinder was discontinued, leaving only the 8 valve 1.6 liter engine as an option to the 1.0 liter engine. The interior received a new dashboard and steering wheel similar to the Golf, with the option of a multimedia center with the navigation system, Android Auto and Apple CarPlay and MirrorLink. In 2018, the third generation of the Gol received the third facelift with the same front as the Gol Track. Most of the trims were discontinued, leaving only the 1.0 and 1.6, the 1.6 version is the first version available with an automatic transmission and the iMotion automated manual transmission option was removed due to reliability concerns. In July 2018, the model received the 6 speed automatic transmission, attached to the 1.6 16v FlexFuel EA211 engine with 110/120hp.

The Gol has been rated as highly unsafe by Latin NCAP, the 2009 model in its most basic Latin American market configuration with no airbags scoring only one star for adult occupants and two stars for children. Its airbag equipped version scored three stars. No ESP is offered, but since 2014, Brazilian law requires ABS brakes and dual front airbags in all new vehicles. Since January 2022, the Gol is banned from sale in Argentina following the entry into force of the law prohibiting the sale of new vehicles not equipped with ESP. Volkswagen has been very critical of the new law to make this active safety equipment mandatory. By refusing to equip the Gol with ESP, Volkswagen had to stop marketing the model in Argentina, even though it was the third best selling passenger car on the local market in 2021.

Production of the Gol ended in late 2022. A Last Edition model for the 2023 model year with exterior upgraded was released in Brazil, with production limited to 1,000 units. It will be replaced with a less equipped version of the Polo Mk6, which was introduced as the Polo Track in November 2022.