Кіріспе
Папаларды болжауға арналған құпия сөз тіркестері
Cryptic phrases purporting to predict popes
«Папалар туралы болжау» (Prophetia Sancti Malachiae Archiepiscopi, de Summis Pontificibus, «Святой Малахия архиепископының Жоғарғы Папалар туралы болжауы») – латын тіліндегі 112 қысқа, құпия сөз тіркестерінен тұратын серия, олар Католик папаларын (кейбір антипапалармен бірге) болжауға арналған, Селестин II-ден басталады. Алғаш рет 1595 жылы бенедикттік монах Арнольд Вион жариялаған, ол бұл болжауды 12 ғасырдың Армағ архиепископы Святой Малахияға жатқызды. 1590 жылға дейінгі папалардың дұрыс сипатталуы және кейінгі папалар туралы болжамдардың дәлдігінің жоқтығына байланысты, тарихшылар бұл дегеніміз – жарияланғанға дейін жазылған, авторлық құқығы бұзылған туынды деп санайды. Католик шіркеуінің ресми ұстанымы жоқ, бірақ кейбір католик теологтары оны жалған деп есептейді.
The Prophecy of the Popes (Prophetia Sancti Malachiae Archiepiscopi, de Summis Pontificibus, "Prophecy of Saint Archbishop Malachy, concerning the Supreme Pontiffs") is a series of 112 short, cryptic phrases in Latin which purport to predict the Catholic popes (along with a few antipopes), beginning with Celestine II. It was first published in 1595 by Benedictine monk Arnold Wion, who attributed the prophecy to Saint Malachy, a 12th century Archbishop of Armagh. Given the accurate description of popes up to around 1590 and lack of accuracy for the popes that follow, historians generally conclude that the alleged prophecy is a pseudepigraphic fabrication written shortly before publication. The Catholic Church has no official stance, though some Catholic theologians have dismissed it as forgery.
Шығуы туралы теориялар
1871 жылы абат Кушераттың айтуынша, Малахия 1139 жылы Рим папасы Иннокентий II Армағ мен Кэшел митрополиттеріне арналған екі жүн паллиум алу үшін Римге шақырған. Римде жүргенде Малахия болашақ папалар туралы аян көрген, оны ол құпия сөздер тізбегі ретінде жазған. Бұл қолжазба кейін Ватиканның құпия архивіне сақталды деп айтылады және 1590 жылы қайтадан табылғанға дейін ұмытылды, бұл сол кезде болып өткен папалық конклавқа дәл уақытында болды деп есептеледі. Бірнеше тарихшылар бұл пайғамбарлық XVI ғасырдың аяғында жасалған жалғандық деп қорытындылады. Малахияның өмірбаянын жазған замандасы, Клерволық Бернард, қасиеттінің кереметтері туралы айтқанмен, пайғамбарлық туралы ештеңе жазбаған. Испан монахы және ғалымы Бенито Джеронимо Фейжо и Монтенегро өзінің Teatro Crítico Universal (1724–1739) атты еңбегінде "Күмән тудыратын болжамдар" деген тарауда, өлеңдердің жарияланған күніне дейін жоғары дәлдікпен келгенімен, кейін одан да жоғары дәлсіздікпен толуы, олардың жарияланған шамада жасалғанын көрсетеді деп жазды. Вион берген өлеңдер мен түсіндірмелер 1557 жылы Онофрио Панвинионың папалар тарихымен (оның ішінде Панвинио жасаған қателіктердің қайталануымен) өте жақын сәйкес келеді, бұл пайғамбарлық осы дереккөзге негізделген болуы мүмкін екенін көрсетеді. 1694 жылы Клод Франсуа Менестие қосымша түсіндірмелер Цяккониус жазбағандығын мәлімдеді, өйткені пайғамбарлық Цяккониустың ешбір еңбегінде кездеспеген, сондай-ақ түсіндірмелер оның еңбектерінің тізімінде де жоқ. 17 ғасыр француз дін қызметкері және энциклопедияшы Луи Морери және басқалардың айтуынша, пайғамбарлық жасалу себебі, 1590 жылғы конклавта VII Урбанның орнын алмастыру үшін кардинал Жироламо Симончеллидің папа болуына қолдау көрсету үшін оның жақтастары тарапынан таратылды. Пайғамбарлықта VII Урбаннан кейінгі папаға "Ex antiquitate Urbis" ("ескі қаладан") деген сипаттама берілген, ал Симончелли Орвието қаласынан шыққан, латын тілінде Urbevetanum, ескі қала. Морери және басқалар пайғамбарлық Симончеллидің папа болуға тағайындалғанын көрсету үшін жасалған сәтсіз әрекет деп ұсынды. Алайда, 1587 жылғы хатта осы пайғамбарлыққа сілтеудің табылуы бұл теорияға күмән тудырды. Бұл құжатта кардинал Джованни Жироламо Альбанидің жанындағы адамдар "De rore coeli" ("Аспан шөлінен") деген ұранды "alba" ("таң") және Альбани есімінің арасындағы байланыс негізінде, ал шөлді таңертеңгі атмосфералық құбылыс ретінде түсіндірді.
According to an account put forward in 1871 by Abbé Cucherat, Malachy was summoned to Rome in 1139 by Pope Innocent II to receive two wool palliums for the metropolitan sees of Armagh and Cashel. While in Rome, Malachy purportedly experienced a vision of future popes, which he recorded as a sequence of cryptic phrases. This manuscript was then allegedly deposited in the Vatican Secret Archives, and forgotten about until its rediscovery in 1590, supposedly just in time for a papal conclave occurring at the time. Several historians have concluded that the prophecy is a late 16th‑century forgery. Saint Bernard of Clairvaux, a contemporary biographer of Malachy who recorded the saint's alleged miracles, makes no mention of the prophecy. Spanish monk and scholar Benito Jerónimo Feijóo y Montenegro wrote in his Teatro Crítico Universal (1724–1739), in an entry called Purported prophecies, that the high level of accuracy of the verses up until the date they were published, compared with their high level of inaccuracy after that date, is evidence that they were created around the time of publication. The verses and explanations given by Wion correspond very closely to a 1557 history of the popes by Onofrio Panvinio (including replication of errors made by Panvinio), which may indicate that the prophecy was written based on that source. In 1694, Claude François Menestrier argued the additional interpretive statements were not written by Ciacconius, as the prophecy was not mentioned in any of Ciacconius' works, nor were the interpretive statements listed among his works. One theory to explain the prophecy's creation, put forward by 17th century French priest and encyclopaedist Louis Moréri, among others, is that it was spread by supporters of Cardinal Girolamo Simoncelli in support of his bid to become pope during the 1590 conclave to replace Urban VII. In the prophecy, the pope following Urban VII is given the description "Ex antiquitate Urbis" ("from the old city"), and Simoncelli was from Orvieto, which in Latin is Urbevetanum, old city. Moréri and others proposed the prophecy was created in an unsuccessful attempt to demonstrate that Simoncelli was destined to be pope. However, the discovery of a reference to the prophecy in a 1587 letter has cast doubt on this theory. In this document the entourage of the Cardinal Giovanni Girolamo Albani interprets the motto "De rore coeli" ("From the dew of the sky") as a reference to their master, on the base of the link between "alba" ("dawn") and Albani, and the dew, as a typical morning atmospheric phenomenon.
Интерпретация
Вион ұсынған жарияланбастан бұрынғы папалар туралы жазбалардың түсіндірмесі девиздер мен папалардың туған жерлері, отбасылық есімдері, жеке гербтері және папалық лауазымдары арасындағы тығыз сәйкестікті қамтиды. Мысалы, бірінші девиз, Ex castro Tiberis (Тибрдегі қамалдан), Селестин II-нің Тибр өзеніндегі Città di Castello қаласындағы туған жеріне сәйкес келеді. Пайғамдарлықты оның жариялануынан кейін сайланған тарихи папалармен байланыстыруға жасалған әрекеттер көбірек күш-жігерді қажет етті. Мысалы, Климент XIII «Умбрияның розасы» (Rosa Umbriae) деп аталса да, ол Умбриядан емес, аймақпен тек ең сыртқы байланысы болған, ол қысқа уақытқа Риетидің понтификалық губернаторы болған, ол кезде Риети Умбрияның бір бөлігі болған. Бір автор 1595 жылдан кейін сайланған папалардың арасында «кейбір өте сәйкес келетін фразалар» бар екенін айтады, сонымен қатар «тізімнің дұрыстығын оның табыстарын ғана атап көрсету арқылы арттыру оңай» екенін және «басқа белгілер осылай тегіс сәйкес келмейді» деп қосты. Хабарланған «табыстар» арасында Лео XIII (1878–1903) үшін «аспандағы жарық», оның гербінде комета бар; Бірінші дүниежүзілік соғыс пен Ресей революциясын қамтыған Папалық қызметіне ие болған Бенедикт XV (1914–22) үшін «Діннің құлдырауы»; және Пауыл VI (1963–78) үшін «Гүлдердің гүлі», оның гербінде fleur de lys бейнеленген. Бірнеше тарихшылар мен түсіндірушілер пайғамдарлық «Зәйтүннің даңқы» мен соңғы папа «Римдік Петр» арасында тізімге енбеген папалардың болу мүмкіндігін ашық қалдыратынын атап көрсетеді. Lignum Vitae-де In persecutione extrema S. R. E. деген жол жеке сөйлем және абзац құрайды. Ол көбінесе «Римдік Петр» жазбасының бір бөлігі ретінде оқылса да, басқа түсіндірушілер оны «Зәйтүннің даңқы» мен «Римдік Петр» арасындағы бір немесе бірнеше папаларға тікелей қатысты жеке, толық емес сөйлем ретінде қарастырады.
The interpretation of the entries for pre publication popes provided by Wion involves close correspondences between the mottos and the popes' birthplaces, family names, personal arms, and pre papal titles. For example, the first motto, Ex castro Tiberis (from a castle on the Tiber), fits Celestine II's birthplace in Città di Castello, on the Tiber. Efforts to connect the prophecy to historical popes who were elected after its publication have been more strained. For example, Clement XIII is referred to as Rosa Umbriae (the rose of Umbria), but was not from Umbria nor had he any but the most marginal connection with the region, having been briefly pontifical governor of Rieti, at the time part of Umbria. One writer notes that among the post publication (post 1595) popes there remain "some surprisingly appropriate phrases", while adding that "it is of course easy to exaggerate the list's accuracy by simply citing its successes", and that "other tags do not fit so neatly". Among the reported "successes" are "Light in the sky" for Leo XIII (1878–1903), with a comet in his coat of arms; "Religion depopulated" for Benedict XV (1914–22) whose papacy included World War I and the Russian Revolution; and "Flower of flowers" for Paul VI (1963–78), with fleur de lys in his coat of arms. Several historians and interpreters note the prophecy leaves open the possibility of unlisted popes between "the glory of the olive" and the final pope, "Peter the Roman". In the Lignum Vitae, the line In persecutione extrema S. R. E. sedebit. forms a separate sentence and paragraph of its own. While often read as part of the "Peter the Roman" entry, other interpreters view it as a separate, incomplete sentence explicitly referring to one or more popes between "the glory of the olive" and "Peter the Roman".
Папалар және оларға сәйкес келетін ұрандар
Тізімді екі топқа бөлуге болады: бірі – шамамен 1590 жылы болжам пайда болғанға дейін таққа отырған папалар мен антипапалар, олар үшін ұран мен папа арасындағы байланыс әрдайым анық. Екіншісі – болжам пайда болғаннан кейін таққа отырған папаларға жатқызылатын ұрандар, олар үшін ұран мен папа арасындағы байланыс көбінесе күмәнді немесе толығымен жоқ, және оны мәжбүрлеу немесе кейіннен жасалған болжам ретінде қарастыруға болады. Тізім көбінесе Вион түсіндірген және түсіндірмеген ұрандарға сүйене отырып, 74-ші және 75-ші ұрандар арасында бөлінеді. Лоренцо Коменсоли Антонини тізімді 73-ші және 74-ші ұрандар арасында бөледі, VII Урбан мен "Көктемгі тамшыдан" ұраны арасындағы шала байланысқа және 1587 жылғы хаттағы болжамға сілтемеге сүйене отырып, бұл VII Урбанның паптығына дейін жазылған. Хилдебранд Тролл осы пікірді қолдайды, 72–112 ұрандары бұрынғы папалардың тікелей ұрандарынан айырмашылығы, папаның сипаты мен оның паптығына қатысты символдық тілді қолданатынын атап өтеді.
The list can be divided into two groups; one of the popes and antipopes who reigned prior to the appearance of the prophecy c. 1590, for whom the connection between the motto and the pope is consistently clear. The other is of mottos attributed to popes who have reigned since its appearance, for whom the connection between the motto and the pope is often strained or totally absent and could be viewed as shoehorning or postdiction. The list has most commonly been divided between mottos 74 and 75, based on the mottos that were explained by Wion and those that were not. Lorenzo Comensoli Antonini divides the list between mottos 73 and 74, based on the loose connection between Urban VII and the motto "From the dew of the sky", and the reference to the prophecy in a 1587 letter, prior to Urban VII's papacy. Hildebrand Troll echoes this view, noting that mottos 72–112 use a symbolic language related to the character of the pope and his papacy, in contrast to the more literal mottos for earlier popes.
Папалар мен антипапалар 11431590 (жариялану алдында)
Төмендегі күміс сызықтардағы мәтін 1595 жылғы Lignum Vitae-нің түпнұсқа мәтінін (пунктуация мен орфографияны қоса алғанда) қайталайды, ол 1590 жылға дейін папалар үшін үш бағаннан тұратын. Бірінші бағанда ұран, екіншісінде папаның немесе антипапаның аты (кейде қателіктермен), ал үшіншісінде ұранның түсіндірмесі келтірілген. Кейбір мәліметтерге сүйенсек, ұрандар мен түсіндірмелерді 16 ғасырдағы бір адам жазған. Тізім бастапқыда нөмірленбеген. Папалар (1143–1590)
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
No. Девиз (аударма) Патшалық атауы (басқару мерзімі) Атауы Lignum Vitae-де берілген түсіндірме Герб
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
Ex castro Tiberis. Келестин. II. Тиферн. 1. Тибрдің қамалынан Келестин II (1143–44) Гидо де Кастелло Тиферн тұрғыны. Келестин II Тибр өзенінің жағасындағы Читта ди Кастеллода (бұрынғы Тифернум Тиберинум) дүниеге келді.
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
Inimicus expulsus. Люциус. II. Caccianemica әулетінен. 2. Жау қуылды Люциус II (1144–45) Геррадо Каччанемичи дель Орсо Каччанемичи әулетінен. Вионның айтуынша, бұл ұран Люциус II-нің әулетіне, Caccianemici-ге сілтеме жасайды; итальян тілінде “Cacciare” – “қуып шығару”, ал “nemici” – “жаулар”. Ол дәстүрлі түрде осы әулеттің мүшесі ретінде қарастырылса да, оның шынымен осы әулетке жататындығы күмәнді; сонымен қатар, егер ол шынымен осы әулетке тиесілі болса да, Caccianemici тегінің аталуы, әрине, анахронизм.
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
Ex magnitudine montis. Евгений. III. Этруск ұлтынан, Монте Магни қаласынан. 3. Ұлы таудан Евгений III (1145–53) Бернардо деи Паганелли ди Монтемагно Тосканалық, Монтемагно қаласынан. Вионның айтуынша, ұран Евгений III-нің туған жері, Пиза маңындағы Монтемагно ауылына сілтеме жасайды.
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
Abbas Suburranus. Анастасий. IV. Субурра әулетінен. 4. Суббурадан келген абат Анастасий IV (1153–54) Коррадо ди Субурра Субурра әулетінен.
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
De rure albo. Адриан. IV. Санкти Альбани қаласында қарапайым туған. 5. Ақ даладан Адриан IV (1154–59) Николас Брейкспир Сент-Олбанс қаласында қарапайым отбасында дүниеге келген. Бұл, әрине, Гертфордширдегі Сент-Олбансқа жақын жердегі Адриан IV-нің туған жеріне сілтеме.
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
Ex tetro carcere. Виктор. IV. Туллиан түрмесіндегі Сент-Николай кардиналы. 6. Жаман түрмеден Виктор IV, антипапа (1159–64) Оттавиано Монтичелло Туллиан түрмесіндегі Сент-Николай кардиналы болған. Виктор IV Сан Никола ин Карцере атағын алған болуы мүмкін.
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
Via Trans Tiberina. Калликст. III. [sic] Кремалық Гвидо, Тибрдің арғы жағындағы Сент-Мария кардиналы. 7. Тибрдің арғы жағындағы жол Калликст III, антипапа (1168–78) Джованни ди Струми Гвидо, Тибрдің арғы жағындағы Сент-Мария кардиналы. Вион антипапалар Калликст III (Джованни ди Струми) және Паскаль III (Гвидо ди Крема) атауларын және реттілігін шатастырған. Паскаль, емес Калликст, Гвидо ди Кремадан туған және девиз қолданылатын Санта-Мария-ин-Трастевере титулын иеленген.
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
De Pannonia Tusciae. Паскаль. III. [sic] Антипапа. Венгр ұлтынан, Тускулум кардинал-епископы. 8. Тускулалық Венгриядан Паскаль III, антипапа (1164–68) Гвидо ди Крема Антипапа. Туған жері бойынша венгр, Тускулум кардинал-епископы. Жоғарыда айтылғандай, бұл ұран Паскаль III емес, венгр болған деп айтылатын Калликст III-ге қатысты.
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
Ex anser custod. Александр. III. Папарона әулетінен. 9. Қорғаушы қаз Александр III (1159–81) Роландо (немесе Орландо) Сиенадан Папарона әулетінен. Александр III кейін Папарона әулеті ретінде белгілі болған Бандинелла әулетінен шыққан болуы мүмкін, оның елтаңбасында қаз бейнеленген. Александр III шынымен де осы әулеттің мүшесі болған-болмағаны туралы пікірталас бар.
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
Lux in ostio. Люциус. III. Луккандық, Остия кардиналы. 10. Есіктегі жарық Люциус III (1181–85) Убальдо Алучинголи Остияның Луккандық кардиналы. Ұран – “Люциус” немесе “Лукка” және “Остия” сөздерінің ойыны.
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
Ensis Laurentii. Григорий. VIII. Лучинадағы Сент-Лоуренс кардиналы, оның елтаңбасында қисық қылыштар. 12. Лоурентийдің қылышы Григорий VIII (1187) Альберто Де Морра Лучинадағы Сент-Лоуренс кардиналы, оның елтаңбасында қиылысқан қылыштар бейнеленген. Григорий VIII Сент-Лоуренс кардиналы болған және оның елтаңбасында қиылысқан қылыштар болған.
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
De rure bovensi. Келестин. III. Буэнси әулетінен. 14. Ірі қара мал өсіретін жерден Келестин III (1191–98) Джачинто Бобоне Буэнси әулетінен. Ұрандағы малға сілтеме Келестин III-нің тегі Бобоне сөзімен байланысты.
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
Comes Signatus. Иннокентий. III. Синья графтарының әулетінен. 15. Белгіленген граф Иннокентий III (1198–1216) Лотарио деи Конти ди Сегни Синья графтарының әулетінен. Ұран Иннокентий III-нің әулетіне тікелей сілтеме.
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
Leo Sabinus. Келестин. IV. Миландық, елтаңбасында арыстан, Сабина кардинал-епископы. 18. Сабин арыстаны Келестин IV (1241) Гоффредо Кастильони Миландық, елтаңбасында арыстан, Сабина кардинал-епископы. Келестин IV Сабина кардинал-епископы болған және оның елтаңбасында арыстан бейнеленген.
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
Comes Laurentius. Иннокентий. IV. Флиска әулетінен, Лаванья графы, Лучинадағы Сент-Лоуренс кардиналы. 19. Лоурентий графы Иннокентий IV (1243–54) Синибальдо Фиески Флиска (Фиески) әулетінен, Лаванья графы, Лучинадағы Сент-Лоуренс кардиналы. Вионның айтуынша, ұран Иннокентий IV-нің әкесі, Лаванья графы және Лучинадағы Сент-Лоуренс кардиналы атағына сілтеме жасайды.
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
Draco depressus. Климент. IV. Елтаңбасында арыстанның тырнағындағы драконды ұстаған. 22. Басылған дракон Климент IV (1265–68) Гуидо Фулькоди Кейбір деректер бойынша Климент IV-нің елтаңбасында арыстан драконды тырнағымен ұстаған. Басқа деректерде оның орнына алты лилия бейнеленген.
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
Anguinus vir. Григорий. X. Миландық, Висконти әулетінен, елтаңбасында жылан бейнеленген. 23. Жылан адам Григорий X (1271–76) Теобальдо Висконти Миландық, Висконти (Висконти) әулетінен, елтаңбасында жылан бейнеленген. Висконти әулетінің елтаңбасында басынан аяғына дейін желінетін жылан бейнеленген; Григорий X осыны папалық елтаңбасы ретінде қолданды ма, жоқ па, туралы деректер келіспейді.
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
Concionator Gallus. Иннокентий. V. Француз, Предиктер орденінен. 24. Француз уағызшысы Иннокентий V (1276) Пьер де Тарантез Француз, Предиктер орденінен. Иннокентий V қазіргі оңтүстік-шығыс Францияда дүниеге келген және Предиктер орденінің мүшесі болған.
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
Bonus Comes. Адриан. V. Флиска әулетінен, Лаванья графтарынан. 25. Жақсы граф Адриан V (1276) Оттобоно Фиески Оттобоно, Фиески әулетінен, Лаванья графтарынан. Фиески әулеті Лаванья графтары болған және Адриан V-нің атымен ойын жасауға болады.
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
Piscator Tuscus. Иоанн. XXI. Бұрынғы Иоанн Петр, Тускулум кардинал-епископы. 26. Тоскана балықшысы Иоанн XXI (1276–77) Педро Жулиан Бұрынғы Иоанн Петр, Тускулум кардинал-епископы. Иоанн XXI Тускулум кардинал-епископы болған және Петрдің есімімен ортақ.
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
Rosa composita. Николай. III. Урсина әулетінен, елтаңбасында гүл. 27. Құрастырылған гүл Николай III (1277–80) Джованни Гаэтано Орсини Урсина (Орсини) әулетінен, елтаңбасында гүл бейнеленген, “құрастырылған” деп аталған. Николай III елтаңбасында гүл болған. Вионның елтаңбасында лилиялар бейнеленген деген пікірі дұрыс емес.
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
Ex rosa leonina. Гонорий. IV. Сабелла әулетінен, елтаңбасында арыстан ұстаған гүл. 29. Арыстан гүлінен Гонорий IV (1285–87) Джакомо Савелли Сабелла (Савелли) әулетінен, елтаңбасында арыстан ұстаған гүл бейнеленген. Гонорий IV-нің елтаңбасында екі арыстан гүлді ұстаған.
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
Picus inter escas. Николай. IV. Пицен ұлтынан, Аскулумнан. 30. Тамақ арасындағы тоқылдақ Николай IV (1288–92) Джироламо Маски Пицен ұлтынан, Аскулумнан (Асколи). Ұран, әдетте, Николай IV-нің туған жері Асколидегі Пиценге сілтеме жасайтын емес.
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
Ex undarum benedictione. Бонифаций. VIII. Бұрынғы Бенедикт, Каэтани, елтаңбасында толқындар. 32. Толқындардың құдіретінен Бонифаций VIII (1294–1303) Бенедетто Каэтани Бұрынғы Бенедикт, Каэтани, елтаңбасында толқындар.
The text on the silver lines below reproduces the original text (including punctuation and orthography) of the 1595 Lignum Vitae, which consisted of three parallel columns for the popes before 1590. The first column contained the motto, the second the name of the pope or antipope to whom it was attached (with occasional errors), and the third an explanation of the motto. There are some indications that both the mottos and explanations were the work of a single 16th century person. The original list was unnumbered. Pre appearance popes (1143–1590)Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal name (reign) Name Explanation provided in Lignum VitaeCoat of arms Ex caſtro Tiberis. Cœleſtinus. ij. Typhernas.1. From a castle of the TiberCelestine II (1143–44)Guido de CastelloAn inhabitant of Tifernum. Celestine II was born in Città di Castello (formerly called Tifernum Tiberinum), on the banks of the Tiber. Inimicus expulſus. Lucius. ij. De familia Caccianemica.2. Enemy expelled Lucius II (1144–45) Gherardo Caccianemici del Orso Of the Caccianemici family. According to Wion, this motto refers to Lucius II's family name, Caccianemici; in Italian, “Cacciare” means “to drive out” and “nemici” means “enemies”. While he has been traditionally viewed as being part of this family, it is doubtful whether he actually was; moreover, even if he actually belonged to that family, the attribution of the surname Caccianemici is certainly anachronistic. Ex magnitudine mõtis. Eugenius. iij. Patria Ethruſcus oppido Montis magni.3. From the great mountain Eugene III (1145–53)Bernardo dei Paganelli di Montemagno Tuscan by nation, from the town of Montemagno. According to Wion, the motto refers to Eugene III’s birthplace, “Montemagno”, a village near Pisa. Abbas Suburranus. Anaſtaſius. iiij. De familia Suburra.4. Abbot from Subbura Anastasius IV (1153–54)Corrado di Suburra From the Suburra family. De rure albo. Adrianus. iiij. Vilis natus in oppido Sancti Albani.5. From the white countryside Adrian IV (1154–59)Nicholas Breakspear Humbly born in the town of St. Albans. Most likely a reference to Adrian IV's birthplace near St Albans, Hertfordshire. Ex tetro carcere. Victor. iiij. Fuit Cardinalis S. Nicolai in carcere Tulliano.6. Out of a loathsome prison. Victor IV, antipope (1159–64)Ottaviano Monticello He was a cardinal of St. Nicholas in the Tullian prison. Victor IV may have held the title San Nicola in Carcere. Via Tranſtiberina. Calliſtus. iij. [sic] Guido Cremenſis Cardinalis S. Mariæ Tranſtiberim.7. Road across the Tiber. Callixtus III, antipope (1168–78)Giovanni di StrumiGuido of Crema, Cardinal of St. Mary across the Tiber. Wion reverses the names and order of Antipopes Callixtus III (John of Struma) and Paschal III (Guido of Crema). Paschal, not Callixtus, was born Guido of Crema and held the title of Santa Maria in Trastevere, to which the motto applies. De Pannonia Thuſciæ. Paſchalis. iij. [sic] Antipapa. Hungarus natione, Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.8. From Tusculan Hungary. Paschal III, antipope (1164–68)Guido di CremaAntipope. A Hungarian by birth, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. As noted above, this motto applies not to Paschal III, but to Callixtus III, who allegedly was Hungarian. Ex anſere cuſtode. Alexander. iij. De familia Paparona.9. From the guardian goose Alexander III (1159–81)Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena Of the Paparoni family. Alexander III may have been from the Bandinella family, which was afterwards known as the Paparona family, which featured a goose on its coat of arms. There is debate whether Alexander III was in fact of that family. Lux in oſtio. Lucius. iij. Lucenſis Card. Oſtienſis.10. A light in the door Lucius III (1181–85)Ubaldo Allucingoli A Luccan Cardinal of Ostia. The motto is a wordplay on "Lucius" or "Lucca" and "Ostia". Enſis Laurentii. Gregorius. viij. Card. S. Laurentii in Lucina, cuius inſignia enſes falcati.12. The sword of Lawrence Gregory VIII (1187) Alberto De Morra Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina, of whom the arms were curved swords. Gregory VIII was Cardinal of St. Lawrence and his arms featured crossed swords. De rure bouenſi. Cœleſtinus. iij. Familia Bouenſi.14. From cattle country Celestine III (1191–98)Giacinto Bobone Bovensis family. The reference to cattle is a wordplay on Celestine III's surname, Bobone. Comes Signatus. Innocentius. iij. Familia Comitum Signiæ.15. Designated count Innocent III (1198–1216)Lotario dei Conti di SegniFamily of the Counts of Signia (Segni)The motto is a direct reference to Innocent III's family name. Leo Sabinus. Cœleſtinus iiij. Mediolanenſis, cuius inſignia Leo, Epiſcopus Card. Sabinus.18. Sabine Lion Celestine IV (1241)Goffredo Castiglioni A Milanese, whose arms were a lion, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina. Celestine IV was Cardinal Bishop of Sabina and his armorial bearing had a lion in it. Comes Laurentius. Innocentius iiij. domo flisca, Comes Lauaniæ, Cardinalis S. Laurentii in Lucina.19. Count Lawrence Innocent IV (1243–54)Sinibaldo FieschiOf the house of Flisca (Fieschi), Count of Lavagna, Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. The motto, as explained in Wion, is a reference to Innocent IV's father, the Count of Lavagna, and his title Cardinal of St. Lawrence in Lucina. Draco depreſſus. Clemens iiii. cuius inſignia Aquila vnguibus Draconem tenens.22. Dragon pressed down Clement IV (1265–68)Guido Fulcodi Whose badge is an eagle holding a dragon in his talons. According some sources, Clement IV's coat of arms depicted an eagle clawing a dragon. Other sources indicate that it was instead six fleurs de lis. Anguinus uir. Gregorius. x. Mediolanenſis, Familia vicecomitum, quæ anguẽ pro inſigni gerit.23. Snaky man Gregory X (1271–76)Teobaldo Visconti A Milanese, of the family of Viscounts (Visconti), which bears a snake for arms. The Visconti coat of arms had a large serpent devouring a male child feet first; sources conflict as to whether Gregory X used this for his papal arms. Concionator Gallus. Innocentius. v. Gallus, ordinis Prædicatorum.24. French Preacher Innocent V (1276)Pierre de Tarentaise A Frenchman, of the Order of Preachers. Innocent V was born in what is now south eastern France and was a member of the order of Preachers. Bonus Comes. Adrianus. v. Ottobonus familia Fliſca ex comitibus Lauaniæ.25. Good Count Adrian V (1276)Ottobono Fieschi Ottobono, of the Fieschi family, from the counts of Lavagna. The Fieschi family were counts of Lavagna and a wordplay on "good" can be made with Adrian V's first name, Ottobono. Piſcator Thuſcus. Ioannes. xxi. antea Ioannes Petrus Epiſcopus Card. Tuſculanus.26. Tuscan Fisherman John XXI (1276–77)Pedro Julião Formerly John Peter, Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum. John XXI had been the Cardinal Bishop of Tusculum, and shared his first name with Saint Peter, a fisherman. Roſa compoſita. Nicolaus. iii. Familia Vrſina, quæ roſam in inſigni gerit, dictus compoſitus.27. Composite Rose Nicholas III (1277–80)Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Of the Ursina (Orsini) family, which bears a rose on its arms, called 'composite'. Nicholas III bore a rose in his coat of arms. Wion's assertion that his arms featured lilies is incorrect. Ex roſa leonina. Honorius. iiii. Familia Sabella inſignia roſa à leonibus geſtata.29. Out of the leonine rose Honorius IV (1285–87)Giacomo Savelli Of the Sabella (Savelli) family, arms were a rose carried by lions. Honorius IV's coat of arms was emblazoned with two lions supporting a rose. Picus inter eſcas. Nicolaus. iiii. Picenus patria Eſculanus.30. Woodpecker between food Nicholas IV (1288–92)Girolamo Masci A Picene by nation, of Asculum (Ascoli). The motto is likely an obscure wordplay on Nicholas IV's birthplace in Ascoli, in Picenum. Ex undarũ bn̑dictione. Bonifacius. viii. Vocatus prius Benedictus, Caetanus, cuius inſignia undæ.32. From the blessing of the waves Boniface VIII (1294–1303)Benedetto Caetani Previously called Benedict, of Gaeta, whose arms were waves. Boniface VIII's coat of arms had a wave through it. Also a play on words, referring to the pope's Christian name, "Benedetto". Concionator patereus. [sic] Benedictus. xi. qui uocabatur Frater Nicolaus, ordinis Prædicatorum.33. Preacher From Patara Benedict XI (1303–04)Nicholas BoccasiniWho was called Brother Nicholas, of the order of Preachers. Benedict XI belonged to the Order of Preachers, and his namesake Saint Nicholas was from Patara. O'Brien notes, "Everything leads us to suspect that the author and interpreter of the prophecy is one and the same person. The pretended interpreter who knew that Patare was the birthplace of St. Nicholas forgot that others may not be aware of the fact, and that therefore the explanation would be thrown away on them." De ſutore oſſeo. Ioannes XXII. Gallus, familia Oſſa, Sutoris filius.35. From a bony cobbler John XXII (1316–34)Jacques Duese A Frenchman, of the Ossa family, son of a cobbler. John XXII's family name was Duèze or D'Euse, the last of which might be back translated into Latin as Ossa ("bones"), the name Wion gives. The popular legend that his father was a cobbler is dubious. Coruus ſchiſmaticus. Nicolaus V. qui uocabatur F. Petrus de corbario, contra Ioannem XXII. Antipapa Minorita.36. Schismatic crow Nicholas V, Antipope (1328–30) Pietro Rainalducci di Corvaro Who was called Brother Peter of Corbarium (Corvaro), the Minorite antipope opposing John XXII. The motto is a play on words, referring to Pietro di Corvaro's last name. Frigidus Abbas. Benedictus XII. Abbas Monaſterii fontis frigidi.37. Cold abbot Benedict XII (1334–42)Jacques FournierAbbot of the monastery of the cold spring. Benedict XII was an abbot in the monastery of Fontfroide ("cold spring"). De roſa Attrebatenſi. Clemens VI. Epiſcopus Attrebatenſis, cuius inſignia Roſæ.38. From the rose of Arras Clement VI (1342–52)Pierre Roger Bishop of Arras, whose arms were roses. Clement VI was Bishop of Arras (in Latin, Episcopus Attrebatensis) and his armorial bearings were emblazoned with six roses. De mõtibus Pãmachii. Innocentius VI. Cardinalis SS. Ioannis & Pauli. T. Panmachii, cuius inſignia ſex montes erant.39. From the mountains of Pammachius Innocent VI (1352–62)Etienne Aubert Cardinal of Saints John and Paul, Titulus of Pammachius, whose arms were six mountains. Innocent VI was Cardinal Priest of Pammachius. Wion and Panvinio describe his arms as depicting six mountains, though other sources do not. Gallus Vicecomes. Vrbanus V. nuncius Apoſtolicus ad Vicecomites Mediolanenſes.40. French viscount Urban V (1362–70)Guglielmo De Grimoard Apostolic nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Urban V was French. Wion indicates he was Apostolic Nuncio to the Viscounts of Milan. Nouus de uirgine forti. Gregorius XI. qui uocabatur Petrus Belfortis, Cardinalis S. Mariæ nouæ.41. New man from the strong virgin Gregory XI (1370–78)Pierre Roger de Beaufort Who was called Peter Belfortis (Beaufort), Cardinal of New St. Mary's. The motto refers to Gregory XI's surname and his title Cardinal of Santa Maria Nuova. Decruce Apoſtolica. [sic] Clemens VII. qui fuit Preſbyter Cardinalis SS. XII. Apoſtolorũ cuius inſignia Crux.42. From the apostolic cross Clement VII, antipope (1378–94)Robert, Count of Geneva Who was Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles, whose arms were a cross. Clement VII's coat of arms showed a cross and he held the title Cardinal Priest of the Twelve Holy Apostles. Luna Coſmedina. Benedictus XIII. antea Petrus de Luna, Diaconus Cardinalis S. Mariæ in Coſmedin.43. Cosmedine moon. Benedict XIII, antipope (1394–1423)Peter de Luna Formerly Peter de Luna, Cardinal Deacon of St. Mary in Cosmedin. The motto refers to Benedict XIII's surname and title. Schiſma Barchinoniũ. Clemens VIII. Antipapa, qui fuit Canonicus Barchinonenſis.44. Schism of the Barcelonas Clement VIII, antipope (1423–29)Gil Sanchez Muñoz Antipope, who was a canon of Barcelona. Cubus de mixtione. Bonifacius. IX. familia tomacella à Genua Liguriæ orta, cuius inſignia Cubi.46. Square of mixture Boniface IX (1389–1404) Pietro Tomacelli Of the Tomacelli family, born in Genoa in Liguria, whose arms were cubes. Boniface IX's coat of arms includes a bend checky – a wide stripe with a checkerboard pattern. De meliore ſydere. Innocentius. VII. uocatus Coſmatus de melioratis Sulmonenſis, cuius inſignia ſydus.47. From a better star Innocent VII (1404–06) Cosmo Migliorati Called Cosmato dei Migliorati of Sulmo, whose arms were a star. The motto is a play on words, "better" (melior) referring to Innocent VII's last name, Migliorati (Meliorati). There is a shooting star on his coat of arms. Flagellum ſolis. Alexander. V. Græcus Archiepiſcopus Mediolanenſis, inſignia Sol.49. Whip of the sun Alexander V, antipope (1409–10)Petros Philarges A Greek, Archbishop of Milan, whose arms were a sun. Alexander V's coat of arms featured a sun, the wavy rays may explain the reference to a whip. Ceruus Sirenæ. Ioannes XXIII. Diaconus Cardinalis S. Euſtachii, qui cum ceruo depingitur, Bononiæ legatus, Neapolitanus.50. Stag of the siren John XXIII, antipope (1410–15)Baldassarre Cossa Cardinal Deacon of St. Eustace, who is depicted with a stag; legate of Bologna, a Neapolitan. John XXIII was a cardinal with the title of St. Eustachius, whose emblem is a stag, and was originally from Naples, which has the emblem of the siren. Lupa Cœleſtina, Eugenius. IIII. Venetus, canonicus antea regularis Cœleſtinus, & Epiſcopus Senẽſis.52. Heavenly she wolf Eugene IV (1431–47)Gabriele Condulmaro A Venetian, formerly a regular Celestine canon, and Bishop of Siena. Eugene IV belonged to the order of the Celestines and was the Bishop of Siena which bears a she wolf on its arms. Amator Crucis. Felix. V. qui uocabatur Amadæus Dux Sabaudiæ, inſignia Crux.53. Lover of the cross Felix V, antipope (1439–49)Amadeus, Duke of Savoy Who was called Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, arms were a cross. The motto is a reference to Felix V's given name, Amadeus, and arms, which featured the cross of Savoy. Bos paſcens. Calliſtus. III. Hiſpanus, cuius inſignia Bos paſcens.55. Pasturing ox Callixtus III (1455–58) Alfonso Borja A Spaniard, whose arms were a pasturing ox. Callixtus III was born in Spain and his coat of arms featured an ox. De Ceruo & Leone. Paulus. II. Venetus, qui fuit Commendatarius eccleſiæ Ceruienſis, & Cardinalis tituli S. Marci.57. From a stag and lion Paul II (1464–71)Pietro Barbo A Venetian, who was commendatary of the church of Cervia, and Cardinal of the title of St. Mark. The motto refers to his Bishopric of Cervia (punning on cervus, "a stag") and his Cardinal title of St. Mark (symbolized by a winged lion). Præcurſor Siciliæ. Innocentius VIII. qui uocabatur Ioãnes Baptiſta, & uixit in curia Alfonſi regis Siciliæ.59. Precursor of Sicily Innocent VIII (1484–92)Giovanni Battista Cibò Who was called John Baptist, and lived in the court of Alfonso, king of Sicily. Innocent VIII was from Sicily. "Precursor" may be explained as an allusion to his birth name, after John the Baptist, the precursor of Christ. Bos Albanus in portu. Alexander VI. Epiſcopus Cardinalis Albanus & Portuenſis, cuius inſignia Bos.60. Bull of Alba in the harbor Alexander VI (1492–1503)Rodrigo de Borgia Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, whose arms were a bull. In 1456, he was made a Cardinal and he held the titles of Cardinal Bishop of Albano and Porto, and his arms featured an ox. Fructus Iouis iuuabit. Iulius. II. Ligur, eius inſignia Quercus, Iouis arbor.62. The fruit of Jupiter will help Julius II (1503–13)Giuliano Della Rovere A Genoese, his arms were an oak, Jupiter's tree. On Julius II's arms was an oak tree, which was sacred to Jupiter. Leo Florentius. Adrian. VI. Florẽtii filius, eius inſignia Leo.64. Florentian lion Adrian VI (1522–23)Adriaen Florenszoon BoeyensSon of Florentius, his arms were a lion. Adrian VI's coat of arms had two lions on it, and his name is sometimes given as Adrian Florens, or other variants, from his father's first name Florens (Florentius). Flos pilei ægri. Clemens. VII. Florentinus de domo medicea, eius inſignia pila, & lilia.65. Flower of the sick man's pill Clement VII (1523–34)Giulio de Medici A Florentine of the Medicean house, his arms were pill balls and lilies. The Medici coat of arms was emblazoned with six medical balls. One of these balls, the largest of the six, was emblazoned with the Florentine lily. Hiacinthus medicorũ. Paulus. III. Farneſius, qui lilia pro inſignibus geſtat, & Card. fuit SS. Coſme, & Damiani.66. Hyacinth of the physicians Paul III (1534–49)Alessandro Farnese Farnese, who bore lilies for arms, and was Cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian. According to some sources, Paul III's coat of arms were charged with hyacinths, and he was cardinal of Saints Cosmas and Damian, both doctors. De corona montana. Iulius. III. antea uocatus Ioannes Maria de monte.67. From the mountainous crown Julius III (1550–55)Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte Formerly called Giovanni Maria of the Mountain (de Monte)His coat of arms showed mountains and laurel crowns (chaplets). Frumentum flocidum. [sic] Marcellus. II. cuius inſignia ceruus & frumẽtum, ideo floccidum, quod pauco tempore uixit in papatu.68. Trifling grain Marcellus II (1555)Marcello Cervini Whose arms were a stag and grain; 'trifling', because he lived only a short time as pope. His coat of arms showed a stag and ears of wheat. Eſculapii pharmacum. Pius. IIII. antea dictus Io. Angelus Medices.70. Aesculapius' medicine Pius IV (1559–65)Giovanni Angelo de Medici Formerly called Giovanni Angelo Medici. The motto is likely a simple allusion to Pius IV's family name. Angelus nemoroſus. Pius. V. Michael uocatus, natus in oppido Boſchi.71. Angel of the grove Pius V (1566–72)Antonio Michele Ghisleri Called Michael, born in the town of Bosco. Pius V was born in Bosco, Piedmont; the placename means grove. His name was 'Antonio Michele Ghisleri', and Michele relates to the archangel. O'Brien notes here that many of the prophecies contain plays on Italian words, which are not made explicit in the explanations provided in the Lignum Vitae. Axis in medietate ſigni. Sixtus. V. qui axem in medio Leonis in armis geſtat.73. Axle in the midst of a sign. Sixtus V (1585–90)Felice Peretti Who bears in his arms an axle in the middle of a lion. This is a rather straightforward description of the Sixtus V's coat of arms. De rore cœli. Vrbanus. VII. qui fuit Archiepiſcopus Roſſanenſis in Calabria, ubi mãna colligitur.74. From the dew of the sky Urban VII (1590)Giovanni Battista Castagna Who was Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria, where manna is collected. He had been Archbishop of Rossano in Calabria where sap called "the dew of heaven" is gathered from trees.
Папалар 1590 жылдан қазіргі уақытқа дейін (жарияланғаннан кейін)
Бұл топтағы папалар үшін жарияланған мәтінде тек алғашқы үштің есімдері ғана беріледі (яғни, мәтіннің пайда болуынан шамамен 1590 жылға дейін, және 1595 жылы жарияланған) және ешқандай түсіндірме берілмейді. 1590 жылдан қазіргі уақытқа дейінгі Папалар Мото № Девиз (аударма) Патшалық атауы (билік мерзімі) Атауы Түсіндірмелер мен сын-пікірлер Елтаңбасы Vrbis ескілігі. Грегорий XIV.75. Қаланың ежелгілігі / Ескі қаладан Григорий XIV (1590–91) Никколо Сфондрати Бұл пайғамдарлықтардың авторы кардинал Джироламо Симончеллинің Урбан VII-ге мұрагер болуына жол ашқан болуы мүмкін. Симончелли Орвиетодан шыққан, латын тілінде Urbs vetus, яғни ескі қала дегенді білдіреді. Алайда папа ретінде Симончелли емес, Григорий XIV деген есімді алған Никколо Сфондрати сайланды. Пайғамдарлықтардың жақтаушылары оны түсіндіруге тырысты, Григорий XIV-нің әкесі ежелгі Милан қаласының сенаторы болған, ал «сенатор» сөзі латын тілінен алынған senex, яғни қарт адам, немесе Милан – бұл «ежелгі қала» деген сөз, ол б.з.б. 400 жыл шамасында негізделген. Pia civitas in bello. Иннокентий IX.76. Соғыстағы ізгі азаматтар Иннокентий IX (1591) Джованни Антонио Фачинетти Пайғамдарлықтардың жақтаушылары осы ұраны Иннокентий IX-қа қатысты әртүрлі түсіндірмелерді ұсынды, оның ішінде оның туған жері Болоньяға немесе Иерусалим патриархы атағына сілтеме жасады. Crux Romulea. Климент VIII.77. Ромулдың кресі Климент VIII (1592–1605) Ипполито Альдобранини Пайғамдарлықтардың жақтаушылары осы ұраны Климент VIII-ге қатысты әртүрлі түсіндірмелер ұсынды, оның ішінде оны оның қаруындағы соғысқа немесе католик Ирландия мен протестант Англия арасындағы соғысқа байланыстырды. Undosus vir.78. Толқынды адам Лео XI (1605) Алессандро Оттавиано Де Медичи Бұл пайғамдарлықтардың авторы өзінің аудиториясына ықтимал геральдикалық дизайнды ұсыну үшін жасаған болуы мүмкін, бірақ Лео XI-нің Медичи қаруына сәйкес келмейді. Пайғамдарлықтардың жақтаушылары бұл ұраны осы папаға қатысты әртүрлі түсіндірмелер ұсынды, оның ішінде оның қысқа билігі «толқын сияқты өтеді» деп байланыстырды. Gens perversa.79. Зұлым нәсіл Павел V (1605–21) Камилло Боргезе Пайғамдарлықтардың жақтаушылары бұл Пауыл V-нің қолындағы айдаһар мен бүркітке сілтеме жасау деп болжайды. In tribulatione pacis.80. Бейбітшілік қиындықтарында Григорий XV (1621–23) Алессандро Людовизи Бұл ұраны үшін ықтимал түсіндірмелердің жоқтығы О'Брайенді: «Пайғамбар 1590 жылға дейін жалпылама сөйлеген жоқ». Lilium et rosa.81. Лилия мен раушан Урбан VIII (1623–44) Маффео Барберини Бұл ұран тағы да геральдикалық құрылғыны ұсынуға арналған болуы мүмкін, бірақ Урбан VIII-нің қаруына сәйкес келмейтін. Пайғамдарлықтардың жақтаушылары оның қолында кездесетін араларға, туған Флоренциядағы лилия гүлдеріне немесе Францияда (лилия) және Англияда (раушан) болған істеріне сілтеме жасағанын ұсынды. Iucunditas crucis.82. Крест қуанышы Иннокентий X (1644–55) Джованни Баттиста Памфили Пайғамдарлықтардың жақтаушылары бұл ұраны Иннокентий X-ке байланыстыруға тырысты, өйткені ол Крестті жоғарылату мейрамының кезінде понтификеттікке көтерілді. Montium custos.83. Тауларды күзету Александр VII (1655–67) Фабио Чиги Пайғамдарлықтардың жақтаушылары бұл ұраны Александр VII-ге байланыстыруға тырысты, оның папалық қаруында алты төбе бар екенін атап өтті, бірақ бұл сирек кездесетін құрылғы емес, және бұл түсіндірме ұраның «күзет» бөлігін түсіндірмейді. Sydus olorum.84. Жұлдызды қарғалар Климент IX (1667–69) Джулио Роспиглиози Бұл тағы да геральдикаға сілтеме ретінде қолданылған болуы мүмкін; О'Брайен итальяндық отбасының қаруларында жұлдызды қарға бар екенін атап өтті, бірақ оның Климент IX-қа қатысы жоқ. Пайғамдарлықтардың жақтаушылары оның конклав кезінде «қоштар бөлмесі» деп аталатын бөлмесі болған деп мәлімдеді. De flumine magno.85. Ұлы өзеннен Климент X (1670–76) Эмилио Альтьери Пайғамдарлықтардың жақтаушылары бұл ұраны Климент X-ке байланыстыруға тырысты, Тибр оның туған кезінде өзеннің жағалауларын толып кеткенін немесе оның отбасы атына қатысты түсініксіз сілтеме ретінде. Bellua insatiabilis.86. Қанықпаған аң Иннокентий XI (1676–89) Бенедетто Одескальчи Пайғамдарлықтардың жақтаушылары бұл ұраны Иннокентий XI-нің қолындағы арыстанмен байланыстыруға тырысты. Poenitentia gloriosa.87. Даңқты өкініш Александр VIII (1689–91) Пьетро Отобони Пайғамдарлықтардың жақтаушылары бұл ұраны Александр VIII-ге байланыстырып, оны Галликан епископтарының мойынсұнуына сілтеме ретінде түсіндірді. O'Брайен: «Кез келген понтификат кезінде даңқты өкініш болады». Rastrrum in porta.88. Есіктегі шұжым Иннокентий XII (1691–1700) Антонио Пигнателли Кейбір дереккөздерде Иннокентий XII-нің отбасы аты «Pignatelli del Rastello» деп берілген, бұл жақтаушыларға осы ұранды осы папамен байланыстырудың анық жолын ұсынады (rastello немесе rastrello итальян тілінде шұжымды білдіреді). Алайда, басқалары папаның отбасы аты жай ғана «Пигнателли» екенін айтады және папаны ұранмен байланыстырудың қанағаттанарлық түсіндірмесін табу қиын екенін көрсетеді. Flores circundati.89. Айналасы гүлдермен толып жатқан Климент XI (1700–21) Джованни Франческо Альбани Климент XI-нің медалі осы пайғамдарлықтардағы сипаттамасынан алынған «Flores circumdati» ұранымен жасалған, ол сол кезде кеңінен таралған. De bona religione.90. Жақсы діннен Иннокентий XIII (1721–24) Микеланджело деи Конти Пайғамдарлықтардың жақтаушылары бұл ұраны Иннокентий XIII-ке байланыстыруға тырысты, оның отбасынан бірнеше папалар келгеніне сілтеме жасады. Miles in bello.91. Соғыстағы әскер Бендикт XIII (1724–30) Пьетро Франческо Орсини Пайғамдарлықтардың жақтаушылары бұл ұраны Бендикт XIII-нің понтификаты кезінде болған нақты соғыстармен немесе әуесқойлыққа қарсы соғыспен байланыстыруға тырысты. Columna excelsa.92. Биік баған Климент XII (1730–40) Лоренцо Корсини Бұл пайғамдарлықтардың авторы Колонна отбасынан шыққан папаға сілтеме жасау үшін жасаған болуы мүмкін; осыған ұқсас ұран бұрын жарияланған пайғамдарлықтардан бұрын папа болған Мартин V-ті сипаттау үшін қолданылған. Пайғамдарлықтардың жақтаушылары бұл ұраны Климент XII-ге оның естелігіне орнатылған мүсінге немесе ол салған капелладағы Пантеоннан алынған екі бағанға сілтеме ретінде байланыстыруға тырысты. Animal rurale.93. Ауылдық жануар Бендикт XIV (1740–58) Марчелло Ламбертини Бұл геральдикалық есімдеме болуы мүмкін, бірақ Бендикт XIV-нің қаруына сәйкес келмейді. Пайғамдарлықтардың жақтаушылары бұл ұраны осы папаның «еңбекқор өгіз» еңбегінің сипаттамасы ретінде байланыстыруға тырысты. Rosa Umbriae.94. Умбрия раушаны Климент XIII (1758–69) Карло Реццонико Пайғамдарлықтардың жақтаушылары бұл ұраны Климент XIII-ке байланыстыруға тырысты, оның Францискан қатарынан бірнеше адамды қасиеттілікке көтергеніне сілтеме жасады, бұл ұран осы қатарға сілтеме жасай алады. Ursus velox.95. Жылдам аю (кейінірек қате басылып, Swift Course немесе Swift Glance деп жазылған) Климент XIV (1769–74) Лоренцо Джованни Винченцо Антонио Ганганелли Пайғамдарлықтардың жақтаушылары осы ұранды қанағаттанарлық түрде түсіндіруге күресті; кейбір авторлар дәлелсіз Ганганелли қаруында жүгіріп бара жатқан аю бейнеленгенін мәлімдейді, бірақ бұл күмәнді. Peregrin apostolicus.96. Апостол саяхатшысы Пий VI (1775–99) Джованни Анжелико Браски Пайғамдарлықтардың жақтаушылары бұл ұраны Пий VI-ға байланыстыруға тырысты, оның ұзақ билігіне сілтеме жасады. Aquila rapax.97. Қырағылық бүркіт Пий VII (1800–23) Барнаба Кьярамонти Пайғамдарлықтардың жақтаушылары бұл ұраны Пий VII-ге байланыстыруға тырысты, оның папалығы кезінде Франция императоры болған Наполеонның қаруындағы бүркітке сілтеме жасады. Vir religiosus.99. Діншіл адам Пий VIII (1829–30) Франческо…
For this group of popes, the published text only provides names for the first three (i. e., those who were popes between the appearance of the text c. 1590, and its publication in 1595) and provides no explanations. Post appearance Popes (1590–present) Motto No. Motto (Translation) Regnal Name (Reign) Name Interpretations and Criticisms Coat of ArmsEx antiquitate Vrbis. Gregorius. XIV.75. Of the antiquity of the city / From the old city Gregory XIV (1590–91) Niccolò Sfondrati This may have been intended by the author of the prophecies to suggest that Cardinal Girolamo Simoncelli was destined to succeed Urban VII. Simoncelli was from Orvieto, which in Latin is Urbs vetus, old city. Simoncelli was not elected pope, however, Niccolò Sfondrati was, who took the name Gregory XIV. Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to explain it by noting that Gregory XIV's father was a senator of the ancient city of Milan, and the word "senator" is derived from the Latin senex, meaning old man, or that Milan is the "old city" in question, having been founded c. 400 BCE. Pia ciuitas in bello. Innocentius. IX.76. Pious citizens in war Innocent IX (1591)Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti Proponents of the prophecies have suggested different interpretations to relate this motto to Innocent IX, including references to his birthplace of Bologna or title of Patriarch of Jerusalem. Crux Romulea. Clemens. VIII.77. Cross of Romulus Clement VIII (1592–1605)Ippolito Aldobrandini Proponents of the prophecies have suggested different interpretations to relate this motto to Clement VIII, including linking it to the embattled bend on his arms or the war between Catholic Ireland and Protestant England during his papacy. Vndoſus uir.78. Wavy man Leo XI (1605)Alessandro Ottaviano De Medici This may have been intended by the author of the prophecies to suggest to his audience a possible heraldic design, but it does not correspond to Leo XI's Medici arms. Proponents of the prophecies have suggested different interpretations to relate this motto to this pope, including relating it to his short reign "passing like a wave". Gens peruerſa.79. Wicked race Paul V (1605–21)Camillo Borghese Proponents of the prophecies have suggested it is a reference to the dragon and the eagle on Paul V's arms. In tribulatione pacis.80. In the trouble of peace Gregory XV (1621–23)Alessandro Ludovisi The lack of plausible explanations for this motto leads O'Brien to comment, "The prophet, up to 1590, did not deal in generalities. "Lilium et roſa.81. Lily and rose Urban VIII (1623–44)Maffeo Barberini This motto again may have been intended to suggest a heraldic device, but not one that matches Urban VIII's arms. Proponents of the prophecies have alternatively suggested that it is a reference to the bees that do occur on his arms, to the fleur de lis of his native Florence, or to his dealings in France (the lily) and England (the rose). Iucunditas crucis.82. Delight of the cross Innocent X (1644–55)Giovanni Battista Pamphili Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Innocent X by noting that he was raised to the pontificate around the time of the Feast of the Exaltation of the Cross. Montium cuſtos.83. Guard of the mountains Alexander VII (1655–67)Fabio Chigi Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Alexander VII by noting that his papal arms include six hills, though this was not an uncommon device, and this explanation would not account for the "guard" portion of the motto. Sydus olorum.84. Star of the swans Clement IX (1667–69)Giulio Rospigliosi This again may have been intended to be taken as an allusion to heraldry; O'Brien notes that there is an Italian family with arms featuring a swan with stars, but it had no relation to Clement IX. Proponents of the prophecies have claimed he had a room called the "chamber of swans" during the conclave. De flumine magno.85. From a great river Clement X (1670–76)Emilio Altieri Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Clement X by claiming that the Tiber overflowed its banks at his birth, or as an obscure reference to his family name. Bellua inſatiabilis.86. Insatiable beast Innocent XI (1676–89)Benedetto Odescalchi Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to the lion on Innocent XI's arms. Pœnitentia glorioſa.87. Glorious penitence Alexander VIII (1689–91)Pietro Ottoboni Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Alexander VIII by interpreting as a reference to the submission of the Gallican bishops. O'Brien notes, "There are glorious repentances during every pontificate. "Raſtrum in porta.88. Rake in the door Innocent XII (1691–1700)Antonio Pignatelli Some sources discussing the prophecy give Innocent XII's family name as "Pignatelli del Rastello", which would provide a clear way for proponents to connect this motto to this pope (rastello or rastrello is Italian for rake). Others, however, give the pope's family name as simply "Pignatelli", and indicate that it is difficult to find a satisfactory explanation to associate the pope with the motto. Flores circundati.89. Surrounded flowers Clement XI (1700–21)Giovanni Francesco Albani A medal of Clement XI was created with the motto, "Flores circumdati", drawn from his description in the prophecies, which were widely circulated at that time. De bona religione.90. From good religion Innocent XIII (1721–24)Michelangelo dei Conti Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Innocent XIII by interpreting it as a reference to the fact several popes had come from his family. Miles in bello.91. Soldier in War Benedict XIII (1724–30) Pietro Francesco Orsini Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to particular wars that occurred during Benedict XIII's pontificate, or a figurative war against decadence in favour of austerity. Columna excelſa. 92. Lofty column Clement XII (1730–40)Lorenzo Corsini This may have been intended by the author of the prophecies as a reference to a pope of the Colonna family; a similar motto was used to describe to Martin V, who was pope before the publication of the prophecies. Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Clement XII as an allusion to a statue erected in his memory or the use of two columns from the Pantheon of Agrippa in a chapel he built. Animal rurale.93. Country animal Benedict XIV (1740–58)Marcello Lambertini This may have been intended as a reference to armorial bearings, but it does not match Benedict XIV's arms. Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to this pope as a description of his "plodding ox" diligence. Roſa Vmbriæ.94. Rose of Umbria Clement XIII (1758–69) Carlo Rezzonico Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Clement XIII as a reference to his elevation to sainthood of several Franciscans, to which order the motto can refer. Vrſus uelox.95. Swift bear (later misprinted as Cursus velox Swift Course or Visus velox Swift Glance) Clement XIV (1769–74)Lorenzo Giovanni Vincenzo Antonio Ganganelli Proponents of the prophecies have struggled to provide a satisfactory explanation of this motto; some authors claim without evidence that the Ganganelli arms featured a running bear, but this is dubious. Peregrin9 apoſtolic9. 96. Apostolic pilgrim Pius VI (1775–99)Giovanni Angelico Braschi Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Pius VI by suggesting it is a reference to his long reign. Aquila rapax.97. Rapacious eagle Pius VII (1800–23)Barnaba Chiaramonti Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Pius VII by suggesting it is a reference to the eagle on the arms of Napoleon, whose reign as Emperor of the French took place during Pius' pontificate. Vir religioſus.99. Religious man Pius VIII (1829–30)Francesco Saverio Castiglioni Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Pius VIII by suggesting it is a reference to his papal name, or the fact that he was not the first pope from his family. De balneis Ethruriæ.100. From the baths of Etruria Gregory XVI (1831–46)Mauro, or Bartolomeo Alberto Cappellari Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Gregory XVI by suggesting it is a reference to his membership in the Camaldolese Order, which was founded in the thirteenth century in a locality called Balneum (Bath) in Latin, in Etruria (Tuscany). Crux de cruce.101. Cross from cross Pius IX (1846–78)Giovanni Maria Mastai Ferretti Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Pius IX by interpreting it as a reference to his difficulties ("crosses") with the House of Savoy, whose emblem is a cross. O'Brien notes, "A forger would be very disposed to chance some reference to a cross on account of its necessary connection with all popes as well as the probability of its figuring, in some form or other, on the pope's arms." Lumen in cœlo.102. Light in the sky Leo XIII (1878–1903)Gioacchino Pecci Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Leo XIII by interpreting it as a reference to the star on his arms. O'Brien notes this coincidence would be much more remarkable had the prophecies referred to sydus (star), as they did when describing this same device on pre publication Pope Innocent VII's arms. Ignis ardens.103. Burning fire Pius X (1903–14)Giuseppe Sarto Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Pius X by interpreting it as a reference to his zeal. Religio depopulata.104. Religion destroyed Benedict XV (1914–22)Giacomo Della Chiesa Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Benedict XV by interpreting it as a reference to World War I and the Russian Revolution, which occurred during his pontificate. Fides intrepida.105. Intrepid faith Pius XI (1922–39)Achille Ratti Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Pius XI by interpreting it as a reference to his faith and actions during his pontificate: in 1937, the Pope strongly condemned Nazism and Communism (Encyclicals: Mit brennender Sorge, Divini Redemptoris). The end of his pontificate was dominated by speaking out against Hitler and Mussolini and defending the Catholic Church from intrusions into Catholic life and education. Paſtor angelicus.106. Angelic shepherd Pius XII (1939–58)Eugenio Pacelli Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Pius XII by interpreting it as a reference to his role during the Holocaust. Paſtor & nauta.107. Shepherd and sailor John XXIII (1958–63)Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link the "sailor" portion of this motto to John XXIII by interpreting it as a reference to his title Patriarch of Venice, a maritime city. Flos florum.108. Flower of flowers Paul VI (1963–78)Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to Paul VI by interpreting it as a reference to the fleurs de lis on his arms. De medietate lunæ.109. Of the half moon John Paul I (1978) Albino Luciani Proponents of the prophecies have attempted to link this motto to John Paul I by referring to the light of the moon and interpreting his birth name as meaning "from the white light". De labore solis.110. From the labour of the sun / Of the eclipse of the sun John Paul II (1978–2005)Karol Wojtyła Proponents of the prophecies find significance in the occurrence of solar eclipses (elsewhere in the world) on the dates of John Paul II's birth (18 May 1920) and funeral (8 April 2005). Other attempts to link the pope to the motto have been "more forced", included drawing a connection to Copernicus (who formulated a comprehensive heliocentric model of the Solar System), as both were Polish and lived in Kraków for parts of their lives. In p[er]ſecutione. extrema S. R. E. ſedebit. In the final persecution of the Holy Roman Church, there will sit. In the Lignum Vitae, the line "In persecutione extrema S. R. E. sedebit." forms a separate sentence and paragraph of its own. While often read as part of the "Peter the Roman" prophecy, other interpreters view it as a separate, incomplete sentence explicitly referring to additional popes between "glory of the olive" and "Peter the Roman".
Көркем шығармаларда
Паптардың пайғамбарлығы бірнеше көркем шығармаларда, соның ішінде бірнеше апокалиптикалық көркем шығармаларда кездеседі. Стив Берридің "Үшінші құпия" (2005) романында ойдан шығарылған Папа Петр II (бастапқыда кардинал Валендра), ойдан шығарылған Папа Клемент XV қайтыс болғаннан кейін Папа болып сайланады. Джеймс Роллинстің "Сигма Форс" романының алтыншы кітабы "Ақырет кілті" (2009) шығармасында Киелі Малахияның "Ақырет пайғамбарлығы", сондай-ақ христиандар мен мүшріктер арасындағы қақтығыстар маңызды сюжеттік желілер болып табылады.
The Prophecy of the Popes is referred to in several works of fiction, including several works of apocalyptic fiction. Steve Berry's novel, The Third Secret (2005), features the fictional Pope Peter II (originally Cardinal Valendrea), who is elected Pope after the death of the fictional Pope Clement XV. In James Rollins' sixth Sigma Force novel, The Doomsday Key (2009), Saint Malachy's "Doomsday Prophecy", and the conflicts between the Christians and pagans are important plot points.