Илья Ульянов: Лениннің әкесі және білім беруші тұлға

Russian teacher, father of Vladimir Lenin (1831 1886)

Ilya Nikolayevich Ulyanov (Илья Николаевич Ульянов; 31 July 1831 [O. S. 19 July 1831] – 24 January 1886 [O. S. 12 January 1886]) was a Russian public figure in the field of public education. He was the father of revolutionary Vladimir Lenin, who became a Bolshevik leader and founder of the Soviet Union, and Aleksandr Ulyanov, who was executed for his attempt to assassinate Tsar Alexander III in 1886.

Ilya Ulyanov was born in Astrakhan. His father was Nikolai Vasilievich Ulyanov (or Ulyanin; 1765–1838), a port city tailor and a former serf of possible Chuvash, Mordvinian, Russian or Kalmyk descent, who came from Sergachsky District, Nizhny Novgorod Governorate. He received his freedom from a landowner, Stepan Mikhailovich Brekhov. Ilya's mother, Anna Alexeyevna Smirnova (1793–1871), was half Kalmyk, half Russian and the daughter of city dweller Alexei Lukyanovich Smirnov, a son of Lukyan Smirnov. Nikolai married 30 year old Anna in 1823. Ilya had three sisters and a brother. Ulyanov graduated from Kazan University's Department of Physics and Mathematics in 1854. In the 1850s and 1860s, he taught mathematics and physics at Penza Institute for the Dvoryane, and later at a gymnasium and a school for women in Nizhny Novgorod. Around that time, he married Maria Alexandrovna Blank. While at Penza, Ulyanov conducted meteorological observations, the basis on which he would write several scientific works. In 1869, Ulyanov was appointed inspector of public schools in the Simbirsk guberniya (in 1874 1886 he was their director). In 1882, Ulyanov was promoted to the rank of Active State Councillor, which gave him a privilege of hereditary nobility and accompanied by the award of the Order of Saint Vladimir, 3rd Class. In 1871, Ulyanov opened the first Chuvash school in Simbirsk, which would later be transformed into Chuvash teacher's seminar. He also established national schools for Mordvins and Tatars. Furthermore, Ulyanov organized and presided over many teachers' congresses and other similar events.