Ричмондтағы тарихи Холливуд бейіттері

Historic cemetery in Richmond, Virginia

Hollywood Cemetery is a historic rural cemetery located at 412 South Cherry Street in the Oregon Hill neighborhood of Richmond, Virginia. It was established in 1847 and designed by the landscape architect John Notman. It is 135 acres in size and overlooks the James River. It is the only cemetery other than Arlington National Cemetery that contains the burials of two United States Presidents, James Monroe and John Tyler. Due to Richmond's role as capital of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War, the cemetery contains the burials of many government officials of the confederacy including president Jefferson Davis and secretary of war James A. Seddon. Hollywood contains the burials of 25 Confederate States Army officers including generals J. E. B. Stuart, Fitzhugh Lee and George Pickett. The cemetery contains the remains of over 11,000 confederate soldiers, the largest number buried in one cemetery. They are memorialized by the Monument of the Confederate War Dead, a 90 foot tall granite pyramid built in 1869. The cemetery is considered the unofficial National Confederate Cemetery and has hosted ceremonies commemorating Confederate Memorial Day since 1866. Hollywood Cemetery was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1969.

The cemetery is in the Oregon Hill neighborhood of Richmond. It is 135 acres in size

Hollywood Cemetery is the only cemetery besides Arlington National Cemetery that contains the burial of two U. S. Presidents. Confederate president Jefferson Davis died in 1889. He was initially interred in Metairie Cemetery in New Orleans,

In 1869, a 90 feet (27 m) high granite pyramid designed by Charles H. Dimmock was built as a memorial to the more than 11,000 enlisted men of the Confederate Army buried in the cemetery. The monument is made of roughly cut James River granite blocks. The monument is inscribed with text in Latin that translates to, "In eternal memory of those who stood for God and Country." The pyramid became a symbol of the Hollywood Memorial Association, appearing on its stationery as well as on the front of a pamphlet of buried soldiers, the Register of the Confederate Dead.

William Byrd III, a wealthy planter, politician and military officer, was facing financial problems and divided his estate in Richmond known as the Belvidere into several plots 100 acres in size for sale. The Harvie family bought several of these lots which became known as "Harvie's Woods." In 1847, Joshua J. Fry and William H. Haxall, visited Mount Auburn Cemetery in Boston, Massachusetts. They were impressed with Mount Auburn and proposed the creation of a similar rural cemetery in Richmond. It was through their efforts and the subsequent cooperation of local citizens that Hollywood Cemetery was created. Fry, Haxall, and 40 other prominent Richmond citizens purchased 42 acres It was originally planned to be named Mount Vernon Cemetery, however Notman proposed the name Hollywood delivered the dedication address in 1849. Hollywood Cemetery became so popular, that by the mid 1850s, the city of Richmond implemented an omnibus to transport visitors there every afternoon. A streetcar line was added in the 1860s. The second Confederate Memorial Day celebration in 1867 at Hollywood Cemetery differed greatly from the one the year before. There were fewer marches and military bands and more women and children in attendance.

In 1876, the Gothic Revival stone structure designed to look like a ruined medieval tower was built at the entrance to house the chapel, office and receiving vault. In 1915, the original entrance was closed and the present one was opened to better facilitate cars. The cemetery expanded in 1877 with the purchase of an additional thirty three acres along the river. On November 12, 1969, Hollywood Cemetery was added to the National Register of Historic Places. There are many local legends surrounding certain tombs and grave sites in the cemetery. One interesting grave of Florence Rees, a girl that died at 3 years old in 1862 of scarlet fever. The grave includes a cast iron statue of a dog that stands watch over her. There is also the legend of Richmond Vampire which purports that William Wortham Pool, buried in the cemetery, was a vampire. In 2020, Hollywood Cemetery's board of directors quietly banned the display of Confederate flags in the cemetery due to its connection as a symbol of racism and the potential to provoke vandalism. A place rich in history, legend, and gothic landscape, Hollywood Cemetery is also frequented by many of the local students attending Virginia Commonwealth University.