Кадор: Корнуолл герцогы және Артурмен байланысы

the surname

Cador (Latin: Cadorius) is a legendary Duke of Cornwall, known chiefly through Geoffrey of Monmouth's pseudohistorical Historia Regum Britanniae and previous manuscript sources such as the Life of Carantoc. In Welsh genealogical records, he appears as Cado (Cadwr), the son of Cornish king Geraint. Early sources present him as a relative of King Arthur, though the details of their kinship are usually left unspecified.

The name “Cador” does not match any early Welsh sources, so the name itself stems from a misinterpretation of either the name Catgur in the Harley genealogy, or the British Catigern. These names are similarly interpreted: Cador means "battle notable" or "fighter" since cat means "battle" and gur means "man" or "warrior", and Tigern means "leader". While the name isn't found in early Welsh sources, letters could easily have dropped out of “Catgur” or “Catigern”, leaving the name Cador. Cador, mainly mentioned by Geoffrey of Monmouth, has also been called/recognized by two other names, Cado and Cadwy, in the Myvyrian and Life of S. Carannog and in early fifteenth century pedigrees. The Duke of Cornwall title took different forms over time because Cornwall was once a part of the Roman civitas of Dumnonia, giving Cador the title King of Dumnonia, seen in many works.

Cador's battles are not recorded in the Historia Brittonum Arthurian battle list but are mentioned in many different works. He battled an invading force of Saxons on their way to York and defeated them before they reached it, then took York himself. The Saxons surrendered, pledged peace and retreated. They broke that pledge, which led to another battle between Arthur and the Saxons in which Cador killed the Saxon leader Chelric. His next big battle was at Camblan, although there were a few small altercations before that, like the Roman War. after the battle of Camblan Cador was found dead with some of his troops. Cador also had three brothers named Cyngar, Iestyn, and Selyf, all saints of Llancarfan mentioned as related to Cador in the Myvyrian. In addition to his brothers, he had a sister named Gurguint who married Caradoc Vreichfas, a legend of Welsh prehistory who lived at same time period as Arthur. According to Geoffrey, Cador married a woman named Ygerna (Igraine), who was courted and seduced by Arthur's father Uther Pendragon while Cador was away at war. Cador is also thought to be related to Arthur because in different texts he is addressed as such. Layamon, an English poet, wrote that Arthur said, “Cador, thou art mine own kin.” However, some works also said that Cador's son Constantine was Arthur's cousin, making Cador possibly an in law rather than a blood relative. In Geoffrey's Historia and elsewhere, Arthur's future queen Guinevere is said to have been raised as Cador's ward. Cador is also said to be of Roman stock. His son Constantine was given the kingship of Britain by Arthur as he lay ailing on the field of Camlann. In the Brut Tysilio the translator adds that Cador was the son of Gorlois, presumably by Igraine, which would make him Arthur's maternal half brother. The same text also gives Cador a son, Mayric, who dies fighting the Romans. This story appears in Richard Hardyng's Chronicle which calls Cador Arthur's brother "of his mother's syde." In Layamon's Brut Cador appears as a leader who takes charge of Uther's host when it is attacked by Gorlois as Uther secretly lies with Igraine in Tintagel. Most of the later works, such as the English Alliterative Morte Arthure and Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur, however, call Cador Arthur's cousin, though in the Alliterative text Arthur calls him his sister's son. William Worcester travelled to Cornwall in 1478, and recorded in his Itineraries that "Tador Duke of Cornwall, husband of the mother of Arthur was slain" at Castle an Dinas. and is generally interpreted as a conflation of Cador with Gorlois (the husband of Igraine in Historia Regum Britanniae), but likely reflects a local tradition, as the Historia is the only authority for Gorlois as Igraine's husband. In The Dream of Rhonabwy, a medieval romance associated with the Mabinogion, Cador is "Cadwr Earl of Cornwall, the man whose task it is to arm the king on the day of battle and conflict" – i. e. at the Battle of Badon Hill, which the writer situates close to the upper River Severn.