Шевиот тауы: геологиясы, тарихы және көрікті жерлері

Highest summit in the Cheviot Hills, England

The name Cheviot, which was first documented in 1181 as Chiuiet, is probably of Brittonic origin. The name involves the element *ceμ , meaning "a ridge", and the nominal suffix ed, which in place names can mean "having the quality of". It is located in the Northumberland National Park and is 41 mile (66 km) from the city of Newcastle upon Tyne. The summit is a triangular plateau covered with peat quagmires. Usway Burn, a tributary of the Coquet, rises on The Cheviot, as does College Burn, which flows across a series of cascades though a gorge known as Hen Hole on the western flank of the mountain and merges with the Bowmont Water to form the River Glen near Kirk Newton. Harthope Burn also has its source at the Cheviot.

The Cheviot is an extinct stratovolcano eruptive during the Caledonian orogeny (490 390 Ma), in which volcanic activity arose from melting within the mantle crust. The mountain is heavily eroded, and originally may have been as high as 10,000 feet (3048 m), with a diameter perhaps of 37 mile (60 km). Volcanic vents may have been located along the faults at Harthope and Thirl Moor. Later activity consisted of andesitic, trachyte and rhyolitic lava extrusion, which abnormally for such lavas, covered an area as large as
During World War II, The Cheviot and the hills surrounding it were the site of aircraft crashes which claimed the lives both of Allied and German airmen. A local shepherd John Dagg and his sheepdog rescued a pilot following an RAF crash in 1942. Aircraft wreckage is still seen on the mountain today.

Other than the route via the Pennine Way, most routes up the Cheviot start from the Harthope Burn side to the northeast, which provides the nearest access by road. The summit is around 3 mile (5 km) from the road end at Langleeford; across the valley to the east is the rounded peak of Hedgehope. There are routes following the ridges above either side of the valley, and a route that sticks to the valley floor until it climbs to the summit of the Cheviot from the head of the valley. Although the Pennine Way does a 2 mile (3 km) out and back detour to the Cheviot, many walkers who come this way omit it, since the stage (the most northerly) is 29 mile (47 km) long.

The view is obscured greatly by the flatness of the summit plateau. Nevertheless, on a clear day the following are visible (from west, clockwise); Broad Law, Moorfoot Hills, Pentland Hills, the Ochils, Lammermuir Hills, Ros Hill, Long Crag, Urra Moor, Tosson Hill, Burnhope Seat, Cross Fell, Helvellyn, Scafell Pike, Skiddaw, Sighty Crag, Peel Fell, and Queensberry. The longest possible line of sight from the Cheviot is to Beinn a' Ghlò, 112 miles away in the Grampians of the Scottish Highlands.