Жиззах облысы: географиясы, экономикасы және табиғаты

Region of Uzbekistan

Jizzakh Region (, Жиззах вилояти, جیزخ ولايتى, Джизакская область) is one of the regions of Uzbekistan. It is located in the center/east of the country. It borders Tajikistan to the south and south east, Samarqand Region to the west, Navoiy Region to the north west, Kazakhstan to the north, and Sirdaryo Region to the east. It covers an area of 21,210 km2. The population is 1,443,408 (2022 estimate) with 53% living in rural areas. The regional capital is Jizzakh (pop. 179,200, 2020). Other major towns include Doʻstlik, Gagarin, Gʻallaorol, Paxtakor, and Dashtobod. Jizzakh Region was formerly a part of Sirdaryo Region but was given separate status in 1973.

The economy of the Jizzakh Region is primarily based on agriculture. Cotton and wheat are the main crops, and extensive irrigation is used. Natural resources include lead, zinc, iron, and limestone. Uzbekistan and China are working together to jointly establish a Special Economic Zone in the region. This high tech industrial park will be formally established by March 2013. The China Development Bank will provide a $50 million loan to finance several of the joint projects in the construction, agro industrial and mechanical engineering sectors. The region has a well developed transportation infrastructure, with over 2500 km of surfaced roads.

The climate is a typically continental climate, with mild winters and hot, dry summers. The Zaamin National Park, formerly Guralash Reserve, on the western slopes of the Turkestan Range and known for its unique fauna and flora, is also within the region. Wildlife is extremely rich here; in spring and in summer, alpine meadows are with a multitude of colors: bright red tulips and snow white acacias. In autumn the hills are magnificently decorated with the gold colored domes of the hazelnut trees, columns of birch trees, towering plane trees, and green thickets. High in the mountains, in the upper part of the Guralashsoy gorge, is a nesting place of black storks. These rare birds are the pride and joy of Uzbekistan. They are written down in the "Redbooks" in many countries as an endangered species. Early in the spring when the Arnasoy depression is flooded, flocks of ducks, wild geese, pelicans and grey herons are found here. This territory serves as a nesting place for rose coloured starlings, shrikes, and sandpipers.

Immigrated people across the region in January–December 2018 the number was 11.1 thousand and the number of emigrants was 12.1 thousand. The migration balance was minus 0.8 thousand people, compared to less 0,8 thousand people in 2017. The higher the migration balance level was in (minus 0.5 thousand person) Pakhtakor (minus 0.4 thousand person), in the city of Jizzakh (minus 0.3 thousand people),