Мексика қаласының басшысы: тарих және өкілеттіктер

Heads of the Federal District

The Head of Government (lang es) wields the executive power in Mexico City. The Head of Government serves a six year term, running concurrently with that of the President of the Republic. Mexico City, or CDMX, is the seat of national executive, legislative, and judicial power, and is largely contiguous with the core of the sprawling Mexico City conurbation.

According to Article 122 of the Constitution, "the Head of Government of the Federal District shall be responsible for executive power and public administration in the district and shall be represented by a single individual, elected by universal, free, direct, and secret suffrage." The title is commonly rendered in English as "Mayor of Mexico City" but in reality the position does not correspond exactly to the mayor of a municipality. Even though the position is called Head of Government, it has the rank of governor of a state and has a seat at the National Governors Conference. For the greater part of the 20th century, the D. F. was administered directly by the President of the Republic, who delegated his authority to an appointed Head of the Federal District Department, known more commonly (and tersely) as the Regente ("Regent" in English). This non democratic imposition was a source of constant and often bitter resentment among the inhabitants of Mexico City. Under the reforms of the state introduced by presidents Carlos Salinas and Ernesto Zedillo, the Regent was replaced by the first directly elected Head of Government in 1997. On July 6, 1997, with a 47.7% share of the vote in an eight candidate race, Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas won the first direct Head of Government election (this first term was to last only three years, to bring the office into line with the presidential succession). Cárdenas later resigned to compete in the 2000 presidential campaign and left in his place Rosario Robles, who served out the remainder of his term as the first person to govern Mexico City. The Head of Government elected for the 2000–2006 term was Andrés Manuel López Obrador, elected with 39% of the popular vote in the same election that saw Vicente Fox of the PAN win the presidency. López Obrador was temporarily removed from office by the federal Congress on April 7, 2005 and was replaced, on an interim basis for a period of slightly over two weeks, by his secretary of government, Alejandro Encinas. See desafuero of AMLO. All the Heads of the Federal District Department were members of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), and all the Heads of Government of the Federal District are from center left parties or party coalitions.

Gen. Cesar Lopez de Lara: August 3, 1915 (By the decrees of 3/12/1914 based on the Plan of Guadalupe, federal capital city of Veracruz and January 5, 1917 decree establishing the capital in the city of Querétaro. The changes of residence were never ratified by Congress)

Col. Gonzalo G. de la Mata: April 3, 1917 (Interim)
Gen. Cesar Lopez de Lara: June 3, 1917 (2nd time)

No. (Number)PortraitNameTerm of officePolitical Party 1 Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas 5 December 1997 28 September 1999 Party of the Democratic Revolution 2 Rosario Robles 29 September 1999 4 December 2000 Party of the Democratic Revolution 3 Andrés Manuel López Obrador 5 December 2000 29 July 2005 Party of the Democratic Revolution 4 Alejandro Encinas Rodríguez 2 August 2005 4 December 2006 Party of the Democratic Revolution 5 Marcelo Ebrard 5 December 2006 4 December 2012 Party of the Democratic Revolution 6 Miguel Ángel Mancera 5 December 2012 29 March 2018 Party of the Democratic Revolution 7 José Ramón Amieva 29 March 2018 4 December 2018 Party of the Democratic Revolution 8 Claudia Sheinbaum 5 December 2018 16 June 2023 National Regeneration Movement 9 Martí Batres 16 June 2023 National Regeneration Movement