Антарктида авиациясының пионері: Герберт Холлик Кеньон

20th century British pilot notable for pioneering Antarctic aviation

Herbert Hollick Kenyon (17 April 1897 – 30 July 1975) was a British aircraft pilot who made significant contributions towards aviation in Antarctica.

Herbert Hollick Kenyon was born in London on 17 April 1897. His mother, Annie Kate Kenyon, was the oldest child of James Harold Kenyon (1841 1891), founder of the prestigious London funeral directors, J. H. Kenyon. His father, Herbert Hollick by birth, was employed by the firm and by 1890 was a director. On his marriage to Annie Kenyon in September 1891 he appended 'Kenyon' to his name, becoming Herbert Hollick Kenyon. From 1892 1910 he was managing director. At an early age, Hollick Kenyon, with his family, emigrated to Ewing's Landing in the province of British Columbia in Canada. He joined the Canadian army in 1914 as a trooper. He joined the Royal Flying Corps in 1917. In the spring of 1928 he joined Western Canada Airways in Winnipeg and commenced flying in Western Canada. He helped to pioneer the Prairie Air Mail routes and is credited with several "first flights".

Prior to the start of World War II, Hollick Kenyon participated as a pilot during several search and rescue missions for polar expeditions which had gone missing. These missions included searching for the MacAlpine Expedition in 1929 and Sigizmund Levanevsky who went missing during a trans polar flight from Moscow to Alaska in 1937.

Hollick Kenyon is most widely known as a pilot in the trans Antarctic flight of Lincoln Ellsworth in 1935. Ellsworth had made a prior attempt to fly across the south pole in 1934 with a different pilot, Bernt Balchen. Poor weather and a dispute over the number of crew members in the expedition (Ellsworth wanted 2, Balchen wanted 3) ended the trip. Hollick Kenyon (serving as a replacement for Balchen) and Ellsworth left on 23 November 1935 from Dundee Island bound for Richard E. Byrd's base camp at Little America. They flew 3500 km across the breadth of Antarctica, claiming 350000 square miles (906,496 km2) of land for the United States of America. They were forced to land 26 km short of their goal due to the lack of fuel. They began walking, but due to the loss of their radio at the outset of the trip, had been assumed lost by the United States. They arrived at the Little America camp, where they remained for nearly two months. They were eventually spotted by the British research ship Discovery which took them aboard and returned them safely home. Hollick Kenyon flew a Northrop Gamma (serial number 2B), a single engine, low winged airplane called the Polar Star. Hollick Kenyon later recovered the aircraft and it was donated to the Smithsonian Institution in 1936 by Ellsworth.

A major land area in Antarctica is now named the "Hollick Kenyon Plateau" in his honor. Hollick Kenyon was inducted into the Canada's Aviation Hall of Fame in 1975 for his achievements.