Шерлок Холмстың жауы: Себастьян Моранның өмірі мен қылмыстары

Colonel Sebastian Moran is a fictional character in the stories written by Arthur Conan Doyle. An enemy of Sherlock Holmes, he first appears in the 1903 short story "The Adventure of the Empty House". Holmes once described him as "the second most dangerous man in London", the most dangerous being Professor Moriarty, Moran's employer.

In "The Adventure of the Empty House", Sherlock Holmes looks up for biographical information about Sebastian Moran in his index of criminal biographies. According to these data, Moran was born in London in 1840, the son of Sir Augustus Moran, CB, sometime Minister to Persia. He was educated at Eton College and the University of Oxford before embarking upon a military career. Formerly of the 1st Bangalore Pioneers (Madras), he served in the Jowaki Expedition of 1877–1878 and in the Second Anglo Afghan War, seeing action at the Battle of Char Asiab, 6 October 1879 (for which he was mentioned in despatches); the Battle of Sherpur, 23 December 1879; and at Kabul. A devoted sportsman and highly skilled shot, he was author of the books Heavy Game of the Western Himalayas in 1881 and Three Months in the Jungle in 1884, and reportedly once "crawled down a drain after a wounded man eating tiger". Although there was no open scandal after his turning to crime, he was obliged to retire from the army and return to London. Outwardly respectable, with an address in Conduit Street, Mayfair, and membership of the (fictional) Anglo Indian Club, the Tankerville Club and The Bagatelle Card Club, he was nevertheless recruited by Professor Moriarty, and served as his chief of staff. Ultimately he is used solely for assassinations that required his peculiar skill with the rifle; Holmes mentions the killing of a Mrs. Stuart in 1887 which he suspects (but cannot prove) Moran was involved in. In "The Final Problem" (set in 1891), Moran escaped incrimination, and followed the Professor to Reichenbach Falls, where Moran attempted to kill Holmes by rolling boulders upon him. Thereafter Moran earned a living in London by playing cards at several clubs. When one of the other players, Ronald Adair, noticed that Moran won by cheating and threatened to expose him, Moran murdered Adair with a silenced air rifle that fired revolver bullets. Dr. Watson and the returned Holmes having taken the case, Moran attempted to kill Holmes by firing the air rifle from a vacant house opposite the detective's residence. Holmes having anticipated this, Moran shot a wax effigy of the detective, while Holmes, Watson, and Inspector Lestrade all hid nearby to seize the would be assassin. In "The Adventure of the Illustrious Client", Holmes mentions Moran as still alive (in September 1902). Moran is also mentioned in "His Last Bow" as an example of Holmes's many adversaries who have futilely sworn revenge against him. Colonel Sebastian Moran was also the villain in Doyle's Sherlock Holmes play The Crown Diamond, written in the early 1900s but not performed until 1921. When this play was adapted as the short story "The Adventure of the Mazarin Stone", Moran was replaced by 'Count Negretto Sylvius'.

Andrew Glazzard has suggested that in The Empty House, Conan Doyle may have hinted to the real royal baccarat scandal, in which Sir William Gordon Cumming, 4th Baronet, an army officer and tiger hunter, had been accused of cheating at baccarat. He sued his accusers and the trial called prince Edward (later king Edward VII) as a witness.

Moran was played by Eric Maturin in the BBC television series Sherlock Holmes (1951), the first television series adaptation of Sherlock Holmes. Moran's younger brother Jasper appears in the novel Young Sherlock: The Mystery of the Manor House written by Gerald Frow, and its Granada television adaptation. Colonel Moran appears in two episodes of the 1983 television series The Baker Street Boys, played by Michael Godley. Moran appears in the Granada television adaptation of "The Adventure of the Empty House" opposite Jeremy Brett as Holmes, here played by Patrick Allen. In this Moran is shown in flashback attempting to shoot Holmes at the Reichenbach Falls, rather than rolling rocks upon him as in the original story. A similar event occurs with Moran in the Soviet television version of "The Adventure of the Final Problem". In the CBS television series Elementary, which takes places in modern day New York City, Holmes (Jonny Lee Miller) captures a serial killer with the alias "M.", who Holmes believes responsible for the murder of Holmes's lover Irene Adler. In captivity, "M." reveals his real name to be Sebastian Moran (Vinnie Jones), a former Royal Marine now employed as an assassin, providing Holmes with the first clue to the existence of "Moriarty". Moran admits to his other crimes, but convinces Holmes that he is innocent of Adler's murder, and, realizing that Moriarty set him up to be captured, willingly goes to prison in the hope that Holmes will track down Moriarty. Holmes is later tricked into showing Moran a coded message in prison, informing him that his sister will be killed next unless he kills himself. Moran slams his head against the mirror in his cell, and is last reported to be in critical condition. "The Empty Hearse", the first episode of series 3 of the BBC television series Sherlock, features Lord Moran, a member of the House of Lords, as a mole for North Korea. He is ordered to carry out the bombing of the Palace of Westminster, but his plan is ultimately stopped by Holmes. The actor who portrayed this version of the character is unknown. "A Study in Sherlock", one of several episodes of the Canadian historical drama Murdoch Mysteries to feature Arthur Conan Doyle, also features a character named Sebastian Moran who is implied to be Doyle's inspiration for the villain of "The Empty House". Moriarty the Patriot is a Japanese animated television series where Sebastian Moran is voiced by Satoshi Hino in Japanese and Christopher Wehkamp in English. In Lupin the 3rd Part 6, Moran shows up as an assassin working for "The Professor".

Moran appears in three films starring Arthur Wontner as Sherlock Holmes. In The Sleeping Cardinal (1931) he is played by Louis Goodrich. In The Triumph of Sherlock Holmes (1935) he appears very briefly played by Wilfrid Caithness. He then appears in a larger role as Moriarty's right hand man in Silver Blaze (a. k. a. Murder at the Baskervilles) (1937), played by Arthur Goullet. Moran appears as a jewel thief and the main villain in the 1946 Basil Rathbone film Terror by Night, played by Alan Mowbray. In the film Without a Clue, Moran (portrayed by Tim Killick) appears as Moriarty's tall bodyguard and has a scar down one side of his face. His weapon of choice is a switchblade which he uses to stab and cut his victims, and he is also a highly skilled knife thrower. Moran, played by Paul Anderson, appears in the 2011 film Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows. Moran was renowned as one of the best marksmen in the British army, but following a "dishonourable discharge" (a mistaken reference to the procedure for expelling enlisted soldiers, rather than officers) he became a mercenary in the employ of Professor Moriarty, on whose orders Moran undertakes several assassinations throughout the film. He remains at large after the end of the film.

In the radio series The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, Colonel Moran was played by Rex Evans in "The Tankerville Club Scandal" (1946), and by Barry Thomson in "The Adventure of London Tower" (1948). Colonel Moran was played by Noel Johnson in a radio dramatisation of "The Empty House" which aired in 1961 on the BBC Light Programme. Frederick Treves played Moran in the BBC Radio Sherlock Holmes adaptations of "The Final Problem" (1992) and "The Empty House" (1993). Steve Manning voiced Colonel Moran in the 2009 Imagination Theatre radio drama "The Return of Sherlock Holmes", adapted from the short stories "The Final Problem" and "The Empty House". John Banks voiced Moran in the Big Finish Productions audio dramas "The Final Problem" and "The Empty House", released in 2011, as well as in "The Master of Blackstone Grange". in 2018 and "The Fiends of New York City" in 2022, both set after his time in prison. Moran was played by Angus King in Sherlock Holmes: The Voice of Treason, an Audible Original audio drama released in 2020.

Lauderdale Maitland appeared as Colonel Sebastian Moran in the 1923 play The Return of Sherlock Holmes.