"Жүтро: Ақ Түймеге дейінгі жол"

Jutro (trans. "Morning") was a Sarajevo based rock band most notable as the immediate predecessor to Bijelo Dugme. It existed from late 1971 until the very end of 1973 when it transformed into one of the most successful rock bands ever to come out of SFR Yugoslavia — Bijelo Dugme.

Jutro was formed as the brainchild of twenty eight year old rhythm guitarist Ismet Arnautalić (formerly of Indexi) who in fall 1971 decided to approach guitarist Goran Bregović with an offer of putting together a new band. Twenty one year old Bregović—who had recently returned to Sarajevo after gigging across Southern Italy for a year as part of an act called Kodeksi that transformed into Mića, Goran i Zoran before folding—gladly accepted. Both self taught Sarajevo based musicians trying to earn a living on the fledgling Yugoslav pop rock scene, Arnautalić and Bregović were now ready and eager to give being in a band another try following recent professional setbacks with their respective prior bands. Having been a founding member of Indexi—spending most of the 1960s with the band, a period during which they released a number of singles, competed at countless schlager festivals around Yugoslavia, and went on a lucrative tour of the Soviet Union—Arnautalić never reclaimed his spot in the band after going away to serve his mandatory year long Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) stint in 1969. He instead got married, had a child, secured a steady source of income by getting hired at Radio Sarajevo's Dance Orchestra (one of the state owned broadcaster's official musical ensembles), and was now looking to get back on the commercial scene via starting another band. On the other hand, though significantly younger than Arnautalić, Bregović was no less ambitious and driven when it came to organizing and running a band, seeing Jutro as a fresh opportunity to implement the ideas he wasn't able to at Kodeksi. In the months following his return from Italy, he had rededicated himself to his neglected philosophy and sociology studies at the University of Sarajevo's Faculty of Philosophy, and also got accepted into the Yugoslav Communist League (SKJ), the only political organization in the country's one party system.

By January 1972, Bregović had come up with a few original songs along with a vision for a band that was still missing a singer. He soon approached his old Kodeksi bandmate Željko Bebek—whom he hadn't spoken to in more than a year ever since their acrimonious split in Italy—by reportedly sending a brief unsigned telegram stating only a meeting time and location in front of the Radio Sarajevo building at Danijela Ozme Street. In November 1972, Bebek got an army leave allowing him to temporarily return home to Sarajevo, a period during which he recorded tracks "Kad bi' bio bijelo dugme", "Na vrh brda vrba mrda", "Hop cup", and "U subotu, mala" before going back to serve. In the meantime, drummer Gordan Matrak had left the band. bs became the new drummer, but he left quickly, at which point Vladimir "Šento" Borovčanin came over from Pro arte, bringing desired stability.

By February 1973, the band was eagerly awaiting Bebek's return from the army. However, nothing could repair the deteriorating Arnautalić Bregović relationship as their disagreements and silent feuding came to a head. Bregović began pushing harder for a musical shift within the band—wanting them to start playing tight hard rock with a particularly strong Balkan folk component, none of which sat well with Arnautalić who wanted to keep the status quo and continue playing schlagers. Bregović won this standoff, mostly because the rest of the band (Zoran and Šento) supported his vision. Even Bebek chimed in from the army in support of Bregović's direction as Arnautalić was increasingly being overruled and even pushed towards leaving. In March 1973, Radio Kruševac released Jutro's second 7 inch single "U subotu, mala" / "Kad bi' bio bijelo dugme" (two of the songs Bebek recorded during one of his army leaves). The order of the songs on the single served to drive yet another wedge between Bregović and Arnautalić because Arnautalić, who kept contact with the label on band's behalf, unilaterally submitted his song "U subotu, mala" as the A side thus relegating Bregović's "Kad bi' bio bijelo dugme" to the B side. Arnautalić left the band right after the single release. Around the same time Bebek returned from the army for good, however, not being quite convinced about the band's commercial potential, he also got a regular job—finding employment as a clerk at the municipal social services. Soon after Arnautalić's departure from the band, Bregović, who by now became the group's undisputed leader and driving force, set about molding it to his own preferences, which almost felt like starting over from scratch. One of his first decisions was adding a keyboard player—a spot eventually filled by the locally established musician Vlado Pravdić who had already been contributing to Jutro since the group's early days and was on friendly terms with its members. Furthermore, he owned a Hammond organ, which was an added plus. Bregović also wanted to come up with a batch of new material, pushing the other members hard towards that end. This created resistance, especially from Šento Borovčanin who had already experienced a certain measure of fame at Pro arte, and thus did not appreciate being bossed around by Bregović. Borovčanin's enthusiasm further dropped when the negotiations with Jugoton regarding the release of a single fell through, and he also started swaying Zoran Redžić over to his side. The situation festered until the beginning of the summer when Bregović kicked them both out of the band following a vicious shouting match. In order to achieve his goal of coming up with more material, Bregović met up with Pravdić (still not officially a Jutro member) in Gradac during the summer of 1973. Bregović vacationed there in his mother's house, while Pravdić played summer gigs with Indexi in nearby Baška Voda. They jammed a lot together in this period, creating templates for many of the future songs (most of which eventually ended up on Bijelo dugme albums). So, after a productive working vacation, Bregović was back in Sarajevo faced with a problem of finding a new rhythm section. Borovčanin's replacement on drums became seventeen year old Ipe Ivandić whom Bregović met at Skenderija Hall while filling the bass player spot proved to be more difficult. Bregović heavily courted Ivica Vinković of Ambasadori who stayed behind in Sarajevo because of university obligations while his band was touring Soviet Union. For a while Vinković seemed eager to join Jutro, too, however, once his Ambasadori bandmates returned from the tour with pockets full of cash, he wanted no part of Jutro anymore, and immediately ended his episode with Bregović. Still, his brief stint with the band was noted on tracks "Top" and "Ove ću noći naći blues", which would also later become a part of Bijelo Dugme repertoire. sr became the new bassist. As 1973 was nearing to a close, Jutro was constantly gigging, but the income was low. Furthermore, with no album in sight, their prospects for a sudden injection of cash were bleak. Following Arnautalić's departure from the band, Jutro experienced a continual problem with access to recording studios in Sarajevo, which was Aranutalić's revenge to Bregović for phasing him out of the band. Arnautalić claimed ownership of the name "Jutro" and used the influence his older brother Esad Arnautalić wielded around Radio Sarajevo in order to place a shadow ban on Jutro recording in their studios. Trying to get around the unfortunate situation, the band members enlisted their own personal connections as Vlado Pravdić's mother had a friend employed at Radio Sarajevo whom they called aunt Maca. However, they didn't get anywhere until Bregović met and somewhat befriended composer Nikola Borota Radovan who happened to be contracted by Radio Television Sarajevo and Jugoton as a music producer and TV executive in charge of youth programming. The two cut a deal whereby Bregović would help out on tracks "Hop cup" (G. Bregović) and "Kameni cvijet" (N. Borota), which Borota had been producing for singer bs's upcoming single, in return for some studio time at the end of Ćustović's sessions. The session was officially engineered by Antun "Tuna" Marković, one of the oldest and most experienced sound engineers at the time. However, for the occasion, Borota briefly replaced him on the mixing console while he was having a nap in the corner of the control console. The two tracks Jutro recorded that day—"Top" and "Ove ću noći naći blues"—would later on, during spring 1974, be released as a seven inch single by Jugoton under the (newly formed) Bijelo Dugme banner, launching the band to nation wide fame. The material would initially be offered to local Sarajevo based label Diskoton, however, once its top executive bs rejected it, Jugoton stepped in via, in part, Borota's connections and local Jugoton representative Hamdija Salković. Still, for the time being in late 1973, Bregović had to concede Arnautalić and his brother were powerful and influential figures on the Sarajevo music scene and that guerilla recording wasn't going to get Jutro anywhere. Since the band was about to enter their third year of existence with very little to show for their musical engagement, something had to be done about the studio access. As they were generally known by their song "Kad bi bilo bijelo dugme" and since there was also another band named Jutro operating in Ljubljana, Bregović & co. decided to switch their name to Bijelo Dugme. The change officially took effect on the night between December 31, 1973 and January 1, 1974 when they played Skenderija Hall as Bijelo dugme for the very first time. By some sources Damjan Babic, a composer and professor asked Bregovic if “kad bi’ bio bijelo dugme” song was his and why not to name the band “Bijelo dugme” (White button). Bregovic didn't have any other alternative name. The name change took care of the studio access issue as Arnautalić finally put aside his grievances.