Боргуна ауданы: географиясы, тарихы және экономикасы

Barguna ( Borguna) is a district in the division of Barisal, in southern Bangladesh. Barguna subdivision was established in 1969 and promoted to a district on 28 February 1984.

There is not enough strong proof of naming the district. Some historians say that timber traders of the northern region came here to buy timbers and waited for the favoring flow (Baro Gone) to overcome and from there the name "Baro Gana" was derived. Others say that it was named after a famous Rakhine resident of this district while some say that the name came from a bawali named "Barguna".

Barguna district was in the Sundarban area. In the evolution of time, people started clearing the forest by cutting down the trees and started to live here. Wood merchants used to come here to collect woods from the forest.

The Barguna District has a total area of 1939.39 km2. It was established as a district on 28 February 1984. It is bounded on the north by the districts of Jhalkathi, Barisal, Pirojpur and Patuakhali. In the east, it borders the Patuakhali district. On the south, Barguna is bounded by the Patuakhali district, and the Bay of Bengal. On the western side, it borders Pirojpur and Bagerhat districts. There are six upazilas, six thanas, four municipalities, 42 unions and 560 villages. Important rivers include the Paira River, Bishkhali River, Khakdon river, Baleshwar River and Haringhata river. The total area of the river is 160 km2 which is 22% of the total area of the district. Moreover, there are 300 natural canals in the district. The average annual temperature is 33.3 °C and annual lowest temperature is 12.1 °C. Annual rainfall of the district is 2506 mm. Total area of reserved forest area is 30533.90 acres.

Barguna district has 6 upazilas and 42 unions. Taltali is the newest. The upazilas are:
UpazilaArea (km2)No. of UnionsPopulation (2011)Amtali 720.767182,798Bamna 101.05479,564Barguna Sadar454.3910260,830Betagi167.757117,145Patharghata387.367163,927Taltali258.94788,004

Barguna's economy is primarily dependent on agriculture. Principal crops include rice and pulses. Jute cultivation was once important, but it gradually lost popularity as a cash crop. Being a coastal district, Barguna has a thriving fishing industry. Produce of the district includes betel leaf, pulses, bananas, betel nut, molasses, marine fish, and shrimp. Total area of agricultural land is 104231 hectares. There is no major industry in this district. A number of small manufacturing industries comprise mostly rice mills, saw mill, soap factory, flour mill, ice factory and pen factory. There are 25 food processing industries, 10 chemical industries, 10 textile home craft industries and 35 miscellaneous industries in this district. Majority of the industries are in the sadar area and the remainings are in different upazilas. Traditional cottage industries such as weaving, bamboo and cane art work, goldsmithing, blacksmithing, pottery, wood work, and tailoring also thrive in rural areas.

According to the 2022 Census of Bangladesh, Barguna District had 255,390 households and a population of 1,010,531. 176,630 (17.48%) were under 10 years of age. The population density was 552 people per km2. Barguna district had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 80.65%, compared to the national average of 74.80%, and a sex ratio of 1042 females per 1000 males. 22.85% of the population lived in urban areas.

There is a modern government general hospital in this district which has 100 bed capacity but an upgradation of 250 bed capacity is under construction. Besides this, there are 5 upazila health complexes, 8 upazila health centres and 123 community clinics in this district. There are total 32 government doctors servicing this whole district. There is a lack of total 134 doctors in the hospitals and clinics.