Әл-Андалустың бірінші әкімі: Абд әл-Азиз ибн Муса ибн Нусайр

First governor of Al Andalus
Abd al Aziz ibn Musa ibn Nusayr (عبد العزيز بن موسى) was an Arab general and the first governor of Al Andalus, in modern day Spain and Portugal. He was the son of Musa ibn Nusayr, the Umayyad governor of Ifriqiya. ‘Abd al Aziz had a long history of political and military involvement along with his father.

‘Abd al Aziz accompanied his father in 712 to aid the Berber general, Tariq, in the Umayyad conquest of Hispania. It has been speculated that Musa ibn Nusayr and his son, both Arabs, did not want the glory of conquest to be claimed by a Berber. The conquest of the area was progressing smoothly under Tariq, Musa ibn Nusayr and ‘Abd al Aziz. With the success of the conquest apparent, Tariq and Musa ibn Nusayr were called back to Syria by the Umayyad caliph, Al Waleed, in 714. ‘Abd al Aziz was given the governorship of Al Andalus by his father. Musa ibn Nusayr, upon his return to Damascus, fell into disfavour with the caliph and ended his days in Medina as an “old and broken man.” ‘Musa ibn Nusayr outlived his son, ‘Abd al Aziz.

‘Abd al Aziz chose the town of Seville as his capital city. Seville, located in the modern day province of Andalucía in southern Spain on the Guadalquivir River. Under ‘Abd al Aziz’s leadership after the departure of his father and Tariq, Islamic power, in what came to be known as Al Andalus, expanded into modern day Portugal in the west and the sub Pyrenean regions in the north. In one of the newly conquered lands, ‘Abd al Aziz signed a peace treaty with the Visigothic lord of Murcia, Theudimer. His name in Arabic is Tudmir. The treaty, known as the Treaty of Tudmir, gave Visigothic Christians the right to continue to practise their religion, as long as they paid a special tax and remained loyal to their Muslim overlords. Egilona's influence over ‘Abd al Aziz was not common. Some felt that she held too much influence and sway over ‘Abd al Aziz It is very likely, however, that these were rumours instigated at the behest of the hostile faction led by Habib ibn Abi Ubayda al Fihri, which eventually killed ‘Abd al Aziz. Certainly, ‘Abd al Aziz had a reputation as a righteous Muslim before these rumours that did not support this theory.