Джордж Брайтман: Американдық саяси белсенді және жазушы

American political activist (1916–1986)

George Breitman (February 28, 1916 – April 19, 1986) was an American communist political activist and newspaper editor. He is best remembered as a founding member of the Socialist Workers Party (SWP) and as a long time editor of that organization's weekly paper, The Militant. Breitman also supervised and edited several important publishing projects as the head of the SWP's publishing house in the 1960s and 1970s.

George Breitman was born February 28, 1916, in a working class neighborhood of Newark, New Jersey to a Jewish family, the son of Benjamin Breitman, an iceman, and his wife Pauline Trattler Breitman. He attended public school in Newark. Upon graduation from Newark Central High School, Breitman was employed in the ranks of the Civilian Conservation Corps. He later found a job working in the New Deal's Works Progress Administration.

Breitman returned to Newark in 1935 and joined the Trotskyist movement as a member of the Spartacus Youth League, the youth section of the Workers Party of the United States (WPUS). He joined the adult WPUS that same year. He also of became involved in the unemployed movement of the period as a leading activist in the New Jersey Workers Alliance. Following the departure of Max Shachtman and his political associates to form a new Workers Party, Breitman was named editor of the SWP's weekly paper, The Militant. He held that post from 1941 until 1943, when he found himself drafted into the U. S. Army and sent to France. In March 1946 he participated in the first post war conference of the Fourth International, held in Paris. He was arrested at this meeting along with other participants but quickly released, owing to his American citizenship. Breitman used several pseudonyms over the course of his life, including most famously "Albert Parker," but also ""Philip Blake," "Drake," "Chester Hofla," "Anthony Massini," "John F. Petrone," and "G. Sloane."

Breitman died of a heart attack on April 19, 1986, in New York City. Breitman's papers are held by the Tamiment Library at New York University. The Breitman papers, consisting of 30 linear feet of material collected in 63 archival boxes, is open for use by scholars without restriction.

The Trenton Siege by the Army of Unoccupation. Introduction by John Spain, Jr. Trenton, NJ: Workers Alliance of America, n. d. [1936]. The Fight Against Hagueism: A Program of Action. (Unsigned.) Newark, NJ: Socialist Workers Party, New Jersey District, 1938. Defend the Negro Sailors on the U. S. S. Philadelphia. As "Albert Parker." New York: Pioneer Publishers, 1940. New Jersey in the 1940 Elections. (Unsigned.) Newark, NJ: Socialist Workers Party, 1940. The March on Washington One Year After. As "Albert Parker." New York: Pioneer Publishers, 1942. The Struggle for Negro Equality. As "Albert Parker," with John Saunders. New York: Pioneer Publishers, 1943. Wartime Crimes of Big Business. New York: Pioneer Publishers, 1943. The Jim Crow Murder of Mr. and Mrs. Harry T. Moore. New York: Pioneer Publishers, 1952. Anti Negro Prejudice: When It Began, When It Will End. New York: Pioneer Publishers, 1960. How a Minority Can Change Society: The Real Potential of the Afro American Struggle. New York: Young Socialist Forum, 1964. —Reissued 1971 by Pathfinder Press. Malcolm X: The Man and His Ideas. New York: Pioneer Publishers, 1965. Marxism and the Negro Struggle: Articles by Harold Cruse, George Breitman, Clifton DeBerry. With Harold Cruse and Clifton DeBerry. New York: Monad Press, 1965. The Last Year of Malcolm X: The Evolution of a Revolutionary. New York: Merit Publishers, 1967. Black Nationalism and Socialism. New York: Merit Publishers, 1968. Myths About Malcolm X: Two Views. With Albert Cleage. New York: Merit Publishers, 1968. The Rocky Road to the Fourth International, 1933 38. New York: Pathfinder Press, 1979. Malcolm X and the Third American Revolution: The Writings of George Breitman. Anthony Marcus, ed. New York: Humanity Books, 2005.