Андрия Пухарич: Медик, зерттеуші және парапсихолог

American physician and medical and parapsychological researcher

Andrija Puharich (February 19, 1918 – January 3, 1995) — born Henry Karel Puharić — was a medical and parapsychological researcher, medical inventor, physician and author, known as the person who brought Israeli Uri Geller (born 1946) and Dutch born Peter Hurkos (1911–1988) to the United States for scientific investigation.

Puharich was born in Chicago, Illinois, one of seven children born to Croatian immigrants. His father had emigrated from what was then the Austro Hungarian Empire, entering the U. S. in 1912 as a stowaway. At home Karel's parents always called him "Andrija," which apparently wasn't his name at birth but just his parents' nickname for him. When Karel, as a young boy, started attending school, his parents enrolled him under the name "Henry Karl Puharich," feeling he would be more easily accepted with that name than with the foreign sounding name "Karel Puharić." Thereafter he often signed his name as "Henry Karl Puharich." He didn't start using his nickname "Andrija" as his first name until sometime in the later part of his life. During World War II, Puharich attended Northwestern University as a student in the Army Specialized Training Program. He earned an undergraduate degree in philosophy and pre medicine in 1943 and received his M. D. from the Northwestern University School of Medicine in 1947. During that time, he was in and out of Edgewood Arsenal Research Laboratories and Fort Detrick, meeting with various high ranking officers and officials, primarily from The Pentagon, CIA, and Naval Intelligence. The Edgewood Arsenal is currently officially called the Edgewood Area of Aberdeen Proving Ground. Puharich was impressed by the stories about the Dutch psychic Peter Hurkos and invited him to the U. S. in 1956 to investigate his alleged abilities (see below). In 1960, Puharich investigated materialization séances at Camp Chesterfield, but discovered the use of cheesecloth being used to fake ectoplasm. Puharich played himself on Perry Mason television series, in the episode, "The Case of the Meddling Medium," in 1961. He conducts a series of three tests to help determine the ESP of Mason's client accused of murder. During the third test, the actual murderer is exposed. In 1960, Puharich participated in Chatino rituals in Mexico, which involved the consumption of hallucinogenic drugs. These experiences resulted in the publication of his books The Sacred Mushroom and Beyond Telepathy. In 1963, Puharich investigated the Brazilian psychic surgeon Zé Arigó, who he viewed favourably,

Two of the most famous of Puharich's 50 plus patents were devices that assist hearing: the "Means For Aiding Hearing" and "Method And Apparatus For Improving Neural Performance In Human Subjects By Electrotherapy" ". He was also granted a in 1983 for a "Method and Apparatus for Splitting Water Molecules." His research included studying the influence of extremely low frequency ELF electromagnetic wave emissions on the mind, and he invented several devices allegedly blocking or converting ELF waves to prevent harm.

In December, 1952, Puharich invited Hindu mystic D. G. Vinod to one of his channeling sessions. During the experiment Vinod went into a trance and claimed to have contacted a group of entities calling themselves "The Nine".

Puharich was impressed by the stories about the Dutch psychic Peter Hurkos and invited him to the U. S. in 1956 to investigate his alleged abilities. Hurkos was studied at Puharich's Glen Cove, Maine, medical research laboratory under what Puharich considered to be controlled conditions. The results convinced Puharich that Hurkos had genuine psychic abilities. However the experiments were not repeated by other scientists. Puharich was described as a "credulous investigator." Raymond Buckland has written "with the exception of Dr. Andrija Puharich, not a single recognized psychic investigator has been impressed with Hurkos's performances."

Puharich met Uri Geller in 1971 and endorsed him as a genuine psychic. Under hypnosis, Geller claimed he was sent to earth by extraterrestrials from a spaceship 53,000 light years away. Geller would later deny the space fantasy claims, but affirmed there "is a slight possibility that some of my energies do have extraterrestrial connection." In 1974, Puharich claimed he had observed Geller transmute base metal into gold by psychic power. Puharich also stated that Geller teleported a dog through the walls of his house. Martin Gardner wrote as "no expert on fraud was there as an observer" then nobody should take the claim of Puharich seriously. His paranormal claims about Geller were criticized by the psychologist David Marks. In his biography of Geller, Uri: A Journal of the Mystery of Uri Geller (1974) Puharich claimed that with Geller he had communicated with super intelligent computers from outer space. According to Puharich the computers sent messages to warn humanity that a disaster is likely to occur if humans do not change their ways. Puharich claimed that extraterrestrial beings had communicated to him that Geller was the chosen savior of humanity and had been given the ability to contact flying saucers and perform paranormal phenomena such as psychokinesis, spoon bending, telepathy and teleportation. He also claimed to have experienced poltergeist phenomena with Geller. The psychologist Christopher Evans who reviewed the book in the New Scientist, wrote that although Puharich believed in every word he had written, the book was credulous and "those fans of Geller's who might have hoped to have used the book as ammunition to impress the sceptics. They will be the most disappointed of all".

Puharich is said to have conducted some form of hypnosis with Greta Woodrew at Lab Nine on his estate in Ossining, New York. It was through these sessions that Woodrew allegedly made psychic contact with extraterrestrial beings.

While working in Mexico, Puharich married and later divorced Rebecca Alban Hoffberger, the future founder and director of The American Visionary Art Museum.