Муре: Гаронна маңындағы француз коммунасы

a French commune

Muret (myʁɛ; in Gascon Occitan Murèth) is a commune in the Haute Garonne department, of which it is a subprefecture, in the Occitanie region of southwestern France. Its inhabitants are called Muretains. It is an outer suburb of the city of Toulouse, even though it is not in the region of Toulouse Métropole, which it has declined to join. It lies southwest of Toulouse and is the largest component of the intercommunality of Le Muretain Agglo. Muret is generally known for the Battle of Muret (1213) and as the birthplace of the Renaissance humanist Muretus (1526–1585) and of Clément Ader (1841–1925), inventor and aviation pioneer. It is also the birthplace of the Niel family [fr] from which Adolphe Niel, Marshal of France and Minister of War, was derived.

A floral town (two flowers) located in the urban area of Toulouse [fr] and the Unité urbaine de Toulouse [fr], south of Toulouse. It is equidistant from the Mediterranean and the Atlantic, on the Bassin de la Garonne [fr].

Ox, Haute Garonne [fr; Ox], Estantens, Cupidou.

The commune is established on the first Terrasses de la Garonne [fr] on its left bank. Its right bank is overhung by a steep slope which deeply cut the molasse of the Tertiary era. It has an area of and an altitude ranging from .

Muret is located on the Garonne river at its confluence with the Louge, which flows northeast through the commune. The Garonne flows north through the commune and forms part of its northern border. The Ousseau [fr] tributary of the Touch is also in the commune, and the Canal de Saint Martory [fr].

Various discoveries by local archaeologists suggest that the territory of Muret was populated as early as the Neolithic period: A hut foundation dating from 4000 BC has been unearthed to the north of the town. Different objects in the Chalcolithic, around 3,000 to 2,500 BC; then the Bronze Age from 1,700 BC indicate the permanence of the population here. A series of Gallo Roman brick kilns dating back to the 1st century AD is located along the right bank of the Garonne. A villa occupied the site of the current town centre; surrounded by protective walls it was given the name of Murellum, which became Murel, and then Muret in the Middle Ages.

On 12 September 1213 the Battle of Muret took place between Simon de Montfort and a coalition force under the control of Count Raymond of Toulouse, and King Peter II of Aragon. Muret entered history. That day, the battle changed the horizons of both sides of the Pyrenean border and saw the fate of Occitania decided. In an era where feudal entities (including the Count of Toulouse and his allies) still believed that they were able to play a role in the control of the southern areas on both slopes of the Pyrenees, the lords of the north of France, who spearheaded the Albigensian Crusade, attempted to impose themselves upon the south and eliminate Catharism. De Montfort had been fighting Albigensian heretics during the Albigensian Crusade, when he was besieged by the vastly superior coalition army. Refusing to surrender or be starved into submission, de Montfort went on the offensive. Leading his knights out of the town, he proceeded to position them in a wide arc, then fell upon the Toulouse cavalry with a noise like a whole forest going down under the axe. Next to fall before the Crusader army was the Aragonian cavalry, where King Peter himself fell to the sword. After this, all that was left was to scatter the remaining cavalry defending the coalition camp before turning on the infantry that had been besieging Muret's walls. Despite their overwhelming advantage in numbers,the coalition army numbering almost 34,000 men was destroyed by de Montfort's army of only 2,100. The siege of Muret was lifted. 7,000 20,000 coalition troops were killed compared to a handful of casualties for de Monfort's army. So it was at Muret, on 12 September 1213, where King Peter II of Aragon who came to reinforce the local Occitan forces, lost his life. This defeat of the Occitano Aragonese troops heralded the annexation of the Languedoc to the Crown of France and the end of Catharism.

The commune is part of the Sixth district of the Haute Garonne [fr].

The capable courts for the commune of Muret are the Court of Muret, the Tribunal de grande instance (France) [fr] of Toulouse, the Court of Appeal, the Cour d'appel de Toulouse [fr], Toulouse juvenile court, the Industrial Tribunal of Toulouse, the Tribunal de commerce (France) [fr] of Toulouse, the Tribunal administratif (France) [fr] of Toulouse and the Cour administrative d'appel de Bordeaux [fr] of Bordeaux.

In 2017, the commune had 24,945 inhabitants.

Muret is a true centrality in the area of life and activity of the Muretain, near Toulouse. Its stable economic fabric is composed primarily of small and medium sized enterprises and industries, covering many sectors of activities. The economic development jurisdiction is exercised by the Agglomération Community of Muretain, which develops and consolidates the local economic fabric, and helps the creation of enterprises for the benefit of employment. Muret has important reserves mainly located on the areas of activities of the territory. Muret Gateway: located north of the town, at the junction of the A64 exit. Cap Clément Ader / Les Bonnets: Adjacent to the Muret Lherm airport, with in its centre, the international karting. Joffrery: at the northern entrance of Muret. Marclan: north of the town. Sans Soucis: at the northern boundary of the town.

Muret has a subprefecture, departmental fire and rescue service [fr], a gendarmerie, a post office, tax office, a retirement home, a Departmental Directorate of Equipment [fr] centre assigned to the A64 autoroute and a tourist office.

The commune has a hospital (geriatrics, disabled), a versatile clinic with (MRI and medical radiology), a Centre communal d'action sociale [fr], a retirement home, a day hospital, laboratories for medical analyses, ambulance services, nurses, midwives, general practitioners, rehabilitation professionals, pedicurists podiatrists and dentists.

Education is provided at the commune of Muret's creche, passing through Nursery school in France [fr], Elementary school in France [fr] and collège until the lycée high school and Lycée technique [fr] all being complemented by the municipal library and outdoor centre. The city is also home to a branch of the National School of civil aviation.

The town is part of the pastoral sector of Muret, which includes the parishes of Saint Jacques, Saint Jean, and the parishes of the villages: Estantens, Ox, Haute Garonne [fr; Ox], Le Fauga, Eaunes and Saint Hilaire. Father Joseph Coltro is the senior priest of this pastoral area.

The cultural association of the Evangelical Church in Muret occupies premises located at 12 Chemin de la Pyramide, inaugurated in November 2012 after a year of work. The pastor is Bernard Gisquet.

The Association of Franco Muslim culture and worship of Muret (AFMCCM) acquired the premises of a former locksmith, Rue Marclan, in an industrial area north of Muret, in 2000, for the founding of the mosque of Muret.

Collection and treatment of household waste and assimilated waste as well as protection and the development of the environment are part of the agglomeration community of the Muretain [fr]. There is a recycling centre in the commune.