Жоғалған адамдарды іздеуге жаттықтырылған иттің қабілеттері

Dog trained to locate or retrieve a missing or trapped person

A search and rescue (SAR) dog is a dog trained to respond to crime scenes, accidents, missing persons events, as well as natural or man made disasters. These dogs detect human scent, which is a distinct odor of skin flakes and water and oil secretions unique to each person SAR dogs are a non invasive aid in the location of humans, alive or deceased. Also known as Human Remains Detection Dogs (HHRDs), cadaver dogs are employed in forensic contexts to sniff and locate human remains, which can include those that are buried, concealed, or older, as well as body parts, skeletal remains, and soil contaminated with decomposition fluid. Differently to other types of tracking dogs that use scents on the ground or specific items, cadaver dogs are trained to locate both ground and airborne scents, and notify of the area where the scent concentration is highest. More recently, HRDD's have been used in Canada and the United States to locate unmarked graves of Indigenous children around former residential school sites. Law enforcement, medical examiners and anthropologists often work closely with cadaver dogs and their handlers, to coordinate searches and evidence and/or body recovery. However, official search and rescue dogs were not first documented for use until WW1, when military trained dogs were used to locate injured soldiers. However, the first use of a dog trained exclusively for cadaver searches in forensic casework was not until 1974 by the New York State Police, when they investigated a homicide in Oneida county, which involved multiple victims buried in a large forested area. Most often, purebred dogs are chosen, as it allows a clearer understanding of the potential working abilities, and possible genetic problems of the dog. A strong prey drive Training of a search dog usually begins when the dog is still a puppy. Most SAR dogs, regardless of their task, will spend around 12–18 months in training, for 20 or more hours a week. These behaviours can be either passive or active, or both. Passive indications may include poking and holding of the snout or sitting, whereas active indications may involve barking, scratching, or digging. These scented aids can be placed on toys, in containers or in tubes, which are then commonly placed in concrete blocks and used to train SAR dogs.

Cadaver dog training is more specific, and in addition to regular SAR training, requires regular and repeated exposure to target scents,. In the case of cadaver dogs, this scent is natural or synthetic decomposition fluid. Ideally, dogs that are trained for the location of cadavers would have prior scent searching experience.

Beauty, a Wirehaired Terrier, was a search and rescue dog during the Second World War in England. Frida (2009–2022) was a yellow Labrador Retriever and a search and rescue dog for the Mexican Navy (SEMAR). Jake, a Labrador Retriever, was a search and rescue dog that worked the disasters of the September 11 attacks (2001) and Hurricane Katrina (2005). Orion, a Rottweiler, helped save the lives of at least 37 people in 1999 from drowning during flash floods in Vargas, Venezuela. Rex, entered burning buildings to find trapped people during the Second World War in England. Mancs, a German Shepherd trained to find people buried by earthquakes. Anonymous Newfoundland that learned to push children into the Seine in 1908 so he could earn a beefsteak reward by then rescuing them.

Pearl, a yellow Labrador, and her handler Jim Suffolk of the New York State Police, were the first recorded instance of a search and rescue team consisting of a dog exclusively trained in the search of cadavers.

The television series PAW Patrol focuses on a team of SAR dogs, with each dog representing a different occupation.