Рим легионы: XI Клавдий легионының тарихы

Roman legion

Legio XI Claudia ("Claudius' Eleventh Legion") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army. The legion was levied by Julius Caesar for his campaign against the Nervii. XI Claudia dates back to the two legions (the other was the XIIth) recruited by Julius Caesar to invade Gallia in 58 BC, and it existed at least until the early 5th century, guarding lower Danube in Durostorum (modern Silistra, Bulgaria).

Legio XI Claudia, along with Legio XII Fulminata, was a Roman Legion levied by Julius Caesar in 58 BC in Cisalpine Gaul, for his war against the Nervii. They likely were present at the Siege of Alesia. After his campaigns in Gaul, civil war broke out between Julius Caesar and Pompey, both of whom were triumvirs, and in January, 49 BC, Caesar invaded Italy with Legio XI serving in his army. They fought in 48 BC at Dyrrhachium and Pharsalus, but were disbanded in 45 BC and settled in Central Italy around the area of Bovianum Undecumanorum. Legio XI was reconstituted in 42 BC by Octavian for the civil wars. They served under the command of the second triumvirate consisting of Augustus, Mark Antony, and Marcus Aemilius Lepidus against Brutus and Cassius, who had assassinated Julius Caesar. The Legion was present at the Battle of Phillipi in 42 BC, following which they were dispatched to Perugia in Italy to suppress a local revolt. They likely also served with Octavian in Sicily against Sextus Pompeius. A vexillatio was sent to Judea in 132 under Hadrian to suppress the Bar Kokhba revolt; an inscription bearing the legion's name was found near Betar. In 193, Legio XI Claudia supported Septimus Severus and they fought against Pescennius Niger, besieging Byzantium, forcing their way through the Cilician gates, and fighting against his forces at the Battle of Issus. They also took part in Severus' Parthian campaign, in which they helped capture Ctesiphon in 198.

Name Rank Time frame Province Source Lucius Vorenus centurio 54 BC ? Commentarii de Bello Gallico, 5.44
N. B. Caesar does not state here or anywhere else the name of the legion concerned in this incident involving Vorenus and Pullo (see next entry). He refers only to Vorenus and Pullo serving 'in that legion' (in ea legione), and that it was commanded by Quintus Cicero. Their attribution to Legio XI Claudia is therefore not grounded in the available evidence. Titus Pullo centurio 54 BC ? Commentarii de Bello Gallico, 5.44 Titus Flavius Rufus centurio (veteranus) ? Italia, Moesia, Dacia = ILS 2082, Lucius Annius Bassus legatus AD 69 Tacitus, Histories III.50 Lucius Julius Marinus Caecilius Simplex legatus between 91 and 95 = ILS 1026 Gaius Julius Quadratus Bassus legatus 99 101 Publius Metilius Secundus legatus c. 116 Gaius Oppius Sabinus Julius Nepos Manius Vibius Sollemnis Severus legatus between 120 and 130 = ILS 1047 Quintus Caecilius Marcellus Dentilianus legatus c. 142 c. 145 = ILS 1096 Tiberius Claudius Julianus legatus c. 145 148 Marcus Claudius Fronto legatus c. 170 Tiberius Claudius Gordianus legatus around 185/186 Marcus Annaeus Saturninus Clodianus Aelianusprimus pilus AD 193 ?