Үндістан теміржолының вагондар жасау зауыты

Rolling stock production unit under Ministry of Railways (India)

Integral Coach Factory is an Indian manufacturer of rail coaches. Established in 1955, it is located in Perambur in Chennai and is the largest rail coach manufacturer in the world. It is owned and operated by the Indian Railways and is the oldest amongst the five rake production units of the Indian Railways. While the facility initially manufactured ICF coaches, it currently manufactures LHB coaches and electric multiple units including the semi high speed Vande Bharat train sets.

After Indian Independence, the Government of India wanted to reduce the import of rail coaches to cater to the increasing traffic of the Indian Railways. In the railway budget for 1949–50, then Minister of Transport and Railways, N. Gopalaswami Ayyangar announced the intention to establish a railway coach factory in India. In 1949, a technical agreement was concluded with Swiss Cars and Elevator Manufacturing Corporation, a Zurich based company for technical assistance and transfer of coach building technology. A basic steel shell was designed as a prototype by the Swiss company which would form the basis of coaches to be manufactured in the new facility. The factory was inaugurated by then Prime Minister of India Jawaharlal Nehru and rolled out its first coach on 2 October 1955. The furnishing division was inaugurated on 2 October 1962. The shell division consists of 14 individual units and manufactures the skeleton of the rail coach, where various parts that form the shell are fabricated and integrated to form a single structure that is placed on wheel sets. As of 2020, It is the largest rail coach manufacturer in the world. In 2011, the air conditioned train sets manufactured by ICF for Kolkata Metro allegedly broke down causing disruption of services as the rakes were sent to Kolkata without conducting dry runs because the ICF did not have third rail testing facilities.

ICF manufactures more than 170 varieties of coaches including IC coaches, LHB coaches, Metro coaches, EMUs, DMUs and MEMUs. The coaches manufactured based on original Swiss design were termed as ICF coaches which were manufactured from 1955 to 2018. The ICF coaches were replaced by newer LHB coaches designed by Linke Hofmann Busch of Germany. In the 1960s, ICF started developing EMUs for short haul and local routes. In 2017, ICF started developing a semi high speed train set designed to be fully air conditioned, equipped with modern facilities and capable of reaching speeds of over In 2018, the first prototype code named "Train 18" was completed within 18 months after initiation and was built at a cost of with 80% indigenous components. It was later re named as Vande Bharat Express, the first of which was flagged off by the Prime Minister of India on 15 February 2019.

While the coach factory primarily manufactures rolling stock for Indian Railways, it also exports railway coaches to other countries. The first export was an order of 47 bogies to Thailand in 1967 and the factory has since exported 875 bogies and coaches to over 13 Afro Asian countries including Angola, Bangladesh, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Nigeria, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Tanzania, Uganda, Vietnam, and Zambia.

A training school, established in 1955 provides training to the personnel.