Лакисамни тайпасының көшбасшысы Эстанислао

Leader of the Lakisamni tribe
a person

Cucunuchi (c. 1798 – 1838), baptized as Estanislao, was an indigenous alcalde of Mission San José and a member and leader of the Lakisamni tribe of the Yokuts people of northern California. He is famous for leading bands of armed Native Americans in revolt against the Mexican government and Mission establishments.

Estanislao was born about 1798 on the banks of the Río de Laquisimes (present day Stanislaus River, Modesto, California). According to records at Mission San José, mission padres visited the Laquisimes area in 1821 and insisted that Cucunuchi return to the mission along with his wife, daughter, and mother to receive a formal Christian education. His raids were characterized as sudden, usually involving a trap, and ending with no loss of life, and he would sometimes use his sword to carve his initial, "S," authenticating his handiwork (Estanislao is therefore thought to have been one of the inspirations for the fictional character Zorro). The Franciscan friars and Mexican settlers pleaded for help from the Mexican army. Finally, Governor Echeandía called the army into action. Three expeditions from the Presidio of San Francisco and the Presidio of Monterey failed to subdue the band. A fourth, larger force led by General Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo finally ousted Estanislao and his people from the Laquisimas River in the Spring of 1829. Commander Ignacio Martínez wrote to Vallejo with orders concerning the rebels, "They are extremely insolent , seducing the other [Indians] to accompany them in their evil and diabolical schemes, openly insulting our troops and ridiculing them and their weapons The objective will be to administer a total defeat to the Indians , leaving them completely crushed." Both Vallejo and Estanislao were accused of brutality and atrocities by their forces in the battle. During the aftermath of the battle, six Indians were captured, including a man named Matias. Four of them were brutally executed, one of whom died from 73 arrows and a gunshot to the head. The governor ordered an investigation into the extrajudicial killings which found soldier Joaquin Alverado guilty. He was sentenced to five years of additional military service. Estanislao returned briefly to the Mission San Jose on May 31, 1829 to ask Father Narciso Duran for forgiveness for his men and himself. Father Duran successfully petitioned Governor José María de Echeandía to pardon Estanislao. The pardon was granted for Estanislao and his men on October 7, 1829. There are multiple theories concerning the later years of his life. Estanislao returned to the Laquisimas River to lead his people. Yoscolo, a Yokuts Indian from the Mission Santa Clara, joined Estanislao's group in 1831. Yoscolo brought several hundred Indians with him from the Mission Santa Clara. Yoscolo and Estanislao led many raids against Mexican settlers. Yoscolo was different from Estanislao and did not mind killing Mexican settlers if he had to. Yoscolo sometimes wore a mask during his raids (another link to the fictional character Zorro). During the spring of 1833, malaria was introduced into the San Joaquin Valley by Canadian beaver trappers from the Hudson's Bay Company. More than 20,000 California natives died from malaria that spring, including Yokuts, Chumash, Miwok and others.

On August 24, 1834, Estanislao returned to the Mission San Jose and prospered there while teaching others the Yokuts language and culture. He remained at the Mission until his death, possibly from smallpox, on July 31, 1838. The Stanislaus River, Stanislaus County, and the failed Mormon settlement Stanislaus City (now Ripon) were named in his honor.