Толық білезік бунағы: құрылысы, қызметі және аурулары

In human anatomy, the subtalar joint, also known as the
talocalcaneal joint, is a joint of the foot. It occurs at the meeting point of the talus and the calcaneus. The joint is classed structurally as a synovial joint, and functionally as a plane joint.

The talus is oriented slightly obliquely on the anterior surface of the calcaneus. There are three points of articulation between the two bones: two anteriorly and one posteriorly. The three articulations are known as facets, and they are the posterior, middle and anterior facets. At the anterior and middle talocalcaneal articulation, convex areas of the talus fits on to concave surfaces of the calcaneus. The posterior talocalcaneal articulation is formed by a concave surface of the talus and a convex surface of the calcaneus. The centre of rotation of the subtalar joint is thought to be in the region of the middle facet. It acts as a hinge connecting the talus and calcaneus. There is extensive variation in the inclination from horizontal. The subtalar joint can also be considered a combination of the anatomic subtalar joint discussed above, and also the talocalcaneal part of the talocalcaneonavicular joint. This is the more common view of the subtalar joint when discussing its movement. When both of these articulations are accounted together, it allows for pronation and supination of the midfoot to occur.

The subtalar joint is particularly susceptible to arthritis, especially when it has previously been affected by sprains or fractures such as those of the calcaneum or talus. Symptoms of subtalar joint arthritis include pain when walking, loss of motion through the joint's range of motion, and difficulty walking on uneven surfaces. Physical therapy, orthotics, and surgery are the main treatment options. In flat feet, the joint is typically more horizontal.