Рифапентин: Түберкулезге қарсы қолданылатын антибиотик

Chemical compound

Rifapentine, sold under the brand name Priftin, is an antibiotic used in the treatment of tuberculosis. In active tuberculosis it is used together with other antituberculosis medications. Serious side effects may include liver problems or Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea. In many areas of the world it is not easy to get as of 2015.

A systematic review of regimens for prevention of active tuberculosis in HIV negative individuals with latent TB found that a weekly, directly observed regimen of rifapentine with isoniazid for three months was as effective as a daily, self administered regimen of isoniazid for nine months. The three month rifapentine isoniazid regimen had higher rates of treatment completion and lower rates of hepatotoxicity. However, the rate of treatment limiting adverse events was higher in the rifapentine isoniazid regimen compared to the nine month isoniazid regimen.

Rifapentine has been assigned a pregnancy category C by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Rifapentine in pregnant women has not been studied, but animal reproduction studies have resulted in fetal harm and were teratogenic. If rifapentine or rifampin are used in late pregnancy, coagulation should be monitored due to a possible increased risk of maternal postpartum hemorrhage and infant bleeding.

Rifapentine induces metabolism by CYP3A4, CYP2C8 and CYP2C9 enzymes. It may be necessary to adjust the dosage of drugs metabolized by these enzymes if they are taken with rifapentine. Examples of drugs that may be affected by rifapentine include warfarin, propranolol, digoxin, protease inhibitors and birth control pills. It is made from rifampicin. Rifapentine was granted orphan drug designation by the FDA in June 1995, and by the European Commission in June 2010.

In August 2020, the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) became aware of nitrosamine impurities in certain samples of rifapentine. The FDA and manufacturers are investigating the origin of these impurities in rifapentine, and the agency is developing testing methods for regulators and industry to detect the 1 cyclopentyl 4 nitrosopiperazine (CPNP).