Пентамидин: Антибиотикалық дәрі және қолданылуы

Medical antimicrobial drug
drugbox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 464198089
| IUPAC name = 4,4' [pentane 1,5 diylbis(oxy)]dibenzenecarboximidamide
| image = Pentamidine skeletal. svg
| width = 280
| image2 = Pentamidine 3D. png
| tradename = Nebupent, Pentam, others babesiosis, and to prevent and treat pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in people with poor immune function. Pentamidine is in the aromatic diamidine family of medications. While the way the medication works is not entirely clear, it is believed to involve decreasing the production of DNA, RNA, and protein. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is available as a generic medication. In regions of the world where trypanosomiasis is common pentamidine is provided for free by the World Health Organization (WHO).

Use as an antitumor drug has also been proposed. Pentamidine is also identified as a potential small molecule antagonist that disrupts this interaction between S100P and RAGE receptor.

It has not been shown to cause birth defects in animal studies when given intravenously. There are no controlled studies to show if pentamidine can harm the fetus in pregnant women. It is only recommended if the drug of choice trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole is contraindicated.

There is no information regarding the excretion of pentamidine in breast milk, but since the adverse effects on breastfed infants are unknown currently, it is recommended by the manufacturer for the infant to not be breastfed or for the mother to stop the drug. Risks versus benefits for the mother should be considered when making this decision.

There is no data for the use of pentamidine in this specific population.

Strains of the Trypanosoma brucei parasite that are resistant to pentamidine have been discovered. Pentamidine is brought into the mitochondria through carrier proteins, and the absence of these carriers prevents the drug from reaching its site of action. Inhaled pentamidine is mainly deposited into the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the lungs. Up to 12% of pentamidine is eliminated in the urine unchanged. Pentamidine can remain in the system for as long as 8 months after the first injection. Its efficacy against Pneumocystis jirovecii was demonstrated in 1987, following its re emergence on the drug market in 1984 in the current isethionate form.