Сатьяджит Рей: Үнді киносының шебері

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Satyajit Ray (; 2 May 1921 – 23 April 1992) was an Indian filmmaker who worked prominently in Bengali cinema and who has often been regarded as one of the greatest directors of world cinema. Ray was born in Calcutta (now Kolkata) to a Bengali family and started his career as a junior visualiser. His meeting with French film director Jean Renoir, who had come to Calcutta in 1949 to shoot his film The River (1951), and his 1950 visit to London, where he saw Vittorio De Sica's Ladri di biciclette (Bicycle Thieves) (1948), inspired Ray to become a film maker. Ray made his directorial debut in 1955 with Pather Panchali and directed 36 films, comprising 29 feature films, five documentaries, and two short films. Although Ray's work generally received critical acclaim, his film Pather Panchali and Ashani Sanket (1973) were criticised for "exporting poverty" and "distorting India's image abroad". Aside from directing, Ray composed music and wrote screenplays for films, both his own and those by other directors. Often credited as a fiction writer, illustrator, and calligrapher; Ray authored several short stories and novels in Bengali, most of which were aimed at children and adolescents. Some of his short stories have been adapted into films by other directors, including his only son, Sandip Ray. Considered a cultural icon in India and acknowledged for his contribution to Indian cinema, Ray has influenced several filmmakers around the world, including Wes Anderson, Martin Scorsese, James Ivory, François Truffaut, Carlos Saura, and Christopher Nolan. Ray intended to make various other films, including The Alien, whose early script is sometimes said to have inspired Steven Spielberg's 1982 film E. T.; a documentary on Indian sitar player Ravi Shankar; an adaptation of the ancient Indian epic, the Mahābhārata; and an adaptation of E. M. Forster's 1924 novel, A Passage to India. However, none had been started when he died in 1992. Ray received numerous awards at international film festivals and elsewhere, including several Indian National Film Awards and an honorary Academy Award at the 64th Academy Awards in 1992. Ray was awarded India's highest award in cinema, the Dadasaheb Phalke Award, in 1984 and India's highest civilian award, Bharat Ratna, in 1992.

+ List of films directed by Satyajit Ray Year Original title International release title Language(s) Producer Music Screenplay Writer Other 1955 Pather Panchali A Song of the Little Road Bengali✔ 1956 Aparajito The Unvanquished ✔ ✔ 1958 Parash Pathar The Philosopher's Stone✔ Dialogue Jalsaghar The Music Room✔✔Distributor 1959 Apur Sansar The World of Apu✔✔Distributor 1960 Devi The Goddess✔✔Distributor 1961 Teen KanyaThe PostmasterMoniharaSamapti Three Daughters / Two DaughtersThe title of the film Teen Kanya means three daughters (or girls), however the international version of the film is titled Two Daughters. Though the feature film has three different stories, only two of them were included for the international release—The Postmaster and SamaptiThe PostmasterThe Lost JewelsThe Conclusion✔✔✔Distributor Rabindranath Tagore Rabindranath Tagore English✔✔Narrator 1962 Kanchenjungha Kanchanjangha Bengali✔✔✔ Abhijan The Expedition✔✔ 1963 Mahanagar The Big City✔✔ 1964 Charulata The Lonely Wife✔✔ Two Two No spoken language✔✔ 1965 Kapurush O MahapurushKapurushMahapurushThe CowardThe Holy Man Bengali✔✔ 1966 Nayak The Hero✔✔✔ 1967 Chiriyakhana The Zoo✔✔Lyricist 1969 Goopy Gyne Bagha Byne The Adventures of Goopy and Bagha✔✔Costume designerLyricist 1970 Aranyer Din Ratri Days and Nights in the Forest✔✔ Pratidwandi The Adversary✔✔ 1971 Seemabaddha Company Limited✔✔✔ Sikkim Sikkim English✔✔✔NarratorSound designer 1972 The Inner Eye The Inner Eye Bengali✔✔✔NarratorSound designer 1973 Ashani Sanket Distant Thunder✔✔ 1974 Sonar KellaBased on a novel: Sonar Kella by Ray. The Fortress✔✔✔ 1975 Jana Aranya The Middleman✔✔✔ 1976 Bala Bala English✔✔✔Narrator 1977 Shatranj Ke Khilari The Chess PlayersHindiUrduEnglish✔✔✔ Dialogue 1979 Joi Baba FelunathBased on a novel: ''[[Joi Baba Felunath (novel) The Elephant God Bengali✔✔✔ 1980 Hirak Rajar Deshe The Kingdom of Diamonds✔✔✔Art directorCostume designerLyricist PikooBased on a short story named Pikoor Diary (Pikoo's Diary), written by Ray for one of his books, Pikoor Diary O Onyanyo (Pikoo's Diary and Other Stories). Pikoo's Day✔✔✔ 1981 Sadgati Deliverance Hindi✔✔ Dialogue 1984 Ghare Baire The Home and The World Bengali✔✔ 1987 Sukumar Ray Sukumar Ray✔✔✔ 1990 Ganashatru An Enemy of the People✔✔ Shakha Proshakha The Branches of the Tree✔✔✔✔Distributor 1991 AgantukBased on a short story named Atithi (The Guest) by Ray. The Stranger✔✔✔

+ List of films contributed to by Satyajit Ray 2007 Kailashey KelenkariBased on a novel: ''[[Kailashey Kelenkari (novel) Bengali ✔ 2008 Tintorettor JishuBased on a short story named ''[[Tintorettor Jishu (novel) Bengali ✔ 2010 Gorosthaney SabdhanBased on a novel: ''[[Gorosthaney Sabdhan (novel) Bengali ✔ 2011 Royal Bengal RahashyaBased on a novel: ''[[Royal Bengal Rahashya (novel) Bengali ✔ 2011 Some Maana Kannada ✔ 2012 Jekhane Bhooter BhoyBased on two short stories named Brown Saheber Bari and Anath Babur Bhoy by Ray. Bengali ✔ 2013 Bombay TalkiesBased on a short story named Patol Babu, Film Star by Ray. Hindi ✔ 2014 Goopi Gawaiya Bagha Bajaiya Hindi ✔ 2014 ChaarBased on two short stories named Kagtarua and Dui Bondhu by Ray. Bengali ✔ 2014 Badshahi AngtiBased on a novel: ''[[Badshahi Angti (novel) Bengali ✔ 2016 Double FeludaBased on two stories: Samaddarer Chabi and Golokdham Rahasya by Ray. Bengali ✔ 2017 Anukul Bengali ✔ 2019 Professor Shonku O El DoradoBased on a story Nakur Babu O El Dorado by Ray. Bengali ✔ 2020 Feluda PherotBased on a story Chinnomostar Obishaap by Ray. Bengali ✔